Seeking the differences in content and artistic characteristics of Cao's three poems

Cao Cao's poems are the results of studying Han Yuefu. He wrote current events with the ancient inscriptions of Yuefu, such as Autumn Record and Haoli written by Han Yuefu, which were elegies, but Cao Cao used them to describe the social reality at that time. For example, "Shang Mo Sang" originally wrote the story of Luo Fu, and Cao Cao changed it to write about seeking immortality; Autumn Hu Xing was originally written for Hu Qiu's wife, and Cao Cao used it to express his feelings that he wanted to make full use of his strength and had achieved early, but the road ahead was bumpy and times were difficult. His poems inherited the tradition of Han Yuefu, which not only reflected the reality, but also had deep feelings, and the language was simple and straightforward. Therefore, Hu Yinglin said that Cao Cao's Poems such as "A Short Song Line" are "the true colors of Han Yuefu still exist" (Volume I of Poetry). His poems are full of ups and downs and generosity in sadness. Zhong Rong said, "Cao Gong is ancient and straight, and there are sad sentences" ("Poetry"); Chen Ruoming commented on his poems "ups and downs and sadness" (Volume 5 of Selected Ancient Poems of Caijitang); Feng Ban described it as "generous and sad" (Miscellaneous Notes on Dull Songs). For example, "stepping out of the summer gate, although the turtle is the longevity":

A Qing poet Shen Deqian said, "Huan Zi's poems are full of literary fighting spirit, but once they are changed, they become his father's tragic habits. If you want, you can be charming and charming. " (The Source of Ancient Poetry, Volume V) Cao Pi's new changes are mainly manifested in two aspects: First, the expression of personal feelings. Cao Cao is a hero in troubled times, and his feelings are mostly related to his sense of historical destiny and his ambition to pacify the world. Cao Pi works harder to express his personal feelings. He is sensitive and affectionate, and at the banquet where all the guests are sitting, he will realize that "happiness is extremely sad, and the liver is destroyed" ("Good deeds"); The harps and harps are full, and the female moth is Long song. He will be sad because of "happiness is often bitter and late" ("Stuffed Artemisia"); Similarly, the natural scenery of sunny days and gurgling valleys brought him "when the moon is full, China is no longer prosperous" ("Clouds cover the sun"). His masterpiece Miscellaneous Poems adopted the theme of Nineteen Ancient Poems. However, his experience of "abandoning and not answering, the guests are always afraid of others" even exceeded the pain of the wanderer himself at the end of the Han Dynasty. His experience of life's painful feelings is unmatched by other contemporary poets. Secondly, the use of artistic expression and the formation of artistic style of literati are mainly manifested in the stress on language and the creation of artistic forms. Cao Pi is good at choosing clear words and beautiful sentences with harmonious rhyme to express his delicate feelings. In artistic form, Cao Pi is also brave in innovation. Although he has only more than forty poems, he has three, four, five, six, seven and miscellaneous words. Among them, the long zaqu "Artemisia Saigae" is 75 sentences long, with more than 360 words, ranging from three words to nine words, and it has a strong ability to open and close. Wang Fuzhi said, "A long sentence is long, and Si is the ancestor of the mountain. Bao Zhao and Li Bai, who led this tradition, became the lions of Yuefu. " (Selected Poems of Chuanshan, Volume I).

Cao Zhi's poems are indeed like Zhong Rong's Poems: "The spine is extremely high, the words are adopted by Hua Mao, the feelings are elegant and resentful, and the body is written." He is not only different from Cao Cao's ancient mourning, but also from Cao Pi's graceful and restrained, and he can have the advantages of both father and brother, achieving the perfect combination of literary talent and style and becoming the most outstanding representative of poetry at that time.

Cao Zhi was the first literati who wrote five-character poems vigorously. He has more than 90 poems, of which more than 60 are five-character poems. His poems not only embody the elegance of The Book of Songs, but also contain the profundity and wonder of The Songs of the South. It not only inherits the brushwork of reflecting reality in Han Yuefu, but also retains the warm and sad artistic conception of 19 ancient poems. All this is condensed in the creation of five-character poems, which has formed his own style and completed the transformation from Yuefu folk songs to literati poems. This is the cause of an era, but it was completed through Cao Zhicai.

Cao Zhi made outstanding contributions to the development of poetry, and later generations spoke highly of him. Zhong Rong said in Poetry: "Chen Sizhi is also writing. For example, there are Kong Zhou in human relations, dragons and phoenixes in scales and feathers, piano music and female workers. " Xie Lingyun said, "There is only one stone in the world, and Cao Zijian has eight buckets. I have to fight, and the world is divided into one battle. " (Quoted from "Poems") Zhang Jie's "Poems of Han Sui" Tang Yue: "The poems of Cao Zijian and Du Zimei are beyond the reach of later generations." Cao Zhi's five-character poems have a great influence on later poetry circles, as Hu Yingli pointed out: Zi Jian's Shrimp? Chanpian and Taichong's "Ode to History" were published by themselves; Journey ",Jing Chun's" Wandering Fairy "came out by himself; There are beautiful women in the south. They are the ancestors of all works; "Childe love guest" and other articles, sects of Shi Heng Group system. All the philosophers are giants of the Six Dynasties, which is beyond their reach. "("Poetry "Volume II)