ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
2. Pronunciation: Pronunciation of vowels
Five vowels: AEIOU
12 single vowel:
Pre-vowel: [i:] [? ] /e/ [？ ]
Chinese vowel: [? :] [? ]
After vowel: [ɑ:] [? ] [? :] [u :] [？ ] [? ]
Diphthongs (8) Estuary diphthongs (5) [ai] [ei] [au] [? u] [？ I] concentrated in diphthongs ③[I? ][ε? 】【u？ ]
3, vocabulary: vocabulary, near antonym
4. Sentences: case, punctuation.
Gramma knowledge points
1 noun: noun singular and plural, noun case.
(A) the singular and plural nouns
Generally, directly add -s, such as: book-books, bag-bag, cat-cats, bed-bed, ending in s.x.sh. Ch and add -es, such as bus-bus, box-box, brush-brush, watch-watch, etc. For example, family-family, strawberry-, ending with "F or fe", changing F or fe to V, and adding -es, for example, knife-knifes.
Irregular nouns plural: man-man, woman-woman, policeman-woman, policeman-woman, mouse-mouse-child, foot-foot, tooth-tooth, fish-fish, man-man, China-China, Japanese-Japanese.
The plural of uncountable nouns is prototype: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea.
Case of noun
Possessive case of biological nouns: add S after singular, such as Lucy's ruler and my father's shirt. Add' for example, his friends' bags' after plural nouns ending in S and' children's shoes' after plural nouns not ending in S. If you add' s' after the last noun, it means that there are * * * cars, such as Tom's and Mike's cars.
In order to indicate that the property does not belong to * * *,' s Tom's' and Mike's cars should be added after the coordinate nouns respectively.
(2) Nouns expressing inanimate objects usually use "of+ nouns" to express all relationships, such as a picture of a classroom and a map of China.