Since Wei and Jin Dynasties in China, brothel culture began to rise gradually, and in the Tang and Song Dynasties, it began to enter the peak of rapid development. It should be said that the brothel culture in China rose in Wei and Jin Dynasties and flourished in Tang and Song Dynasties. Brothel culture is also a part of China's history and culture. With the development of Tang and Song culture, it gained unprecedented prosperity. At the same time, it also enriched and promoted the further development and prosperity of Tang and Song culture. A literary history of Tang and Song Dynasties is also a prosperous history of brothel culture. In the Tang Dynasty, a large number of brothels appeared from Kyoto to local areas, from cities to villages and towns, which not only gathered a group of talented women who were proficient in piano, chess and calligraphy, but also built a beautiful landscape for urban and rural areas. At the same time, it also provided literary creation materials for the literati at that time, making brothel culture an inexhaustible source. In particular, the combination of Chinese prostitutes in brothels has further expanded the new realm of brothel culture and become the most dazzling highlight in the history of China literature. The culture of the Tang Dynasty was dominated by Xuanzong period in the middle Tang Dynasty, and the flourishing age of Kaiyuan provided a broad stage for the development and prosperity of brothel culture in the Tang Dynasty. The appearance of brothel works such as Li Bai, Bai Juyi, Du Fu, Du Mu, Li Shangyin and Wen in the late Tang Dynasty not only added luster to brothel culture, but also enhanced its historical position. Among China's literary celebrities, Li Baiyou 18, who is known as a poet, wrote poems related to brothels. For example, Take Prostitutes to the Peach Blossom Garden in Mengshan, Qixia Mountain, Liang Wang: "Liang Wang goes to the bright moon, and orioles get drunk. Obviously grateful for the present, not drunk in Taoyuan East. " Another example is Li Bai's "Looking at Prostitutes in Handan South Pavilion": "Zhao Yan, a geisha, voiced Shu Wei. Bright pink, bright moonlight, dancing shirts and flowers. Take into account the color of wine and sing lyrics. " These poems are not only colorful, but also reveal the endless feelings of a generation of poets. Bai Juyi wrote 30 poems about brothels in his life. In addition to "Where does the spring go, the prostitute's home is deep in spring", "The green vine is scattered in the shade, and the prostitute boat is moored with red lotus flowers" and "Li Juanchun dreams that he will return to the night platform on Friday". His famous long poem Pipa Xing is commendable. Du Fu seldom wrote brothel poems in his life, and it would be a blockbuster if he didn't sing. He is in "Accompany Your Children, Zhang Ba Dog, Romantic Man", and then Song Ci will suddenly lose its elegance. Scholars in Song Dynasty often enjoyed many activities, such as playing the piano, talking freely, enjoying mountains and rivers, drinking, drinking tea, playing games and swimming. Therefore, famous scholars in the Song Dynasty, such as Ouyang Xiu, Liu Yong, Yan, Su Shi, Qin Guan, Zhou Bangyan and He Zuoxiu, are inextricably linked with the Qing Dynasty. It can be said that celebrities and beautiful women complement each other. Let's talk about Ouyang Xiu, a great master. When he was a satrap in Yangzhou, he happened to meet two beautiful singers in Ruyin. At the banquet, the two singers talked about Ouyang Xiu's being a satrap in Ruyin in recent years. A few years later, Ouyang Xiu was transferred from Yangzhou to Ruyin House. At this time, two women have disappeared. Ouyang Xiu once left a poem after drinking, saying, "The catkins have gone in spring, and Haitang should hate me for coming late." How attached is he to those two singers? Su Shi is better than his mentor Ouyang Xiu. He once wrote He Xinlang for a singer named Lan Xiu. The word says, "Smoke flies and flowers dance. No one is sad, the children's voice turns to noon, and the new bath is cool at night. Hand-made white round fan, the fan surface is like jade for a while. Gradually sleepy, lonely and awake. Who will push the embroidered door outside the curtain? Teach people to waste, dream of breaking the music of Yao and Taiwan, but the wind knocks on the bamboo. Pomegranate half spit red scarf. With the waves gone, you will be alone. If you look closely at a bright branch, it looks like a bag. I'm afraid I'll be stunned by the west wind. If I have to wait for you to come here, I can't bear to touch the wine before flowers. * * * tears, two tears. " The writing is not only gorgeous, but also touching and breathtaking. What a beautiful brothel poem. Of course, Liu Yong, a prodigal son in Chong 'an, Fujian, should be the most and best poet in the Song Dynasty. Liu Yong, named Liu, ranked seventh. At that time, writing lyrics and playing in bed with Liu became a prostitute's long-cherished wish. "I don't want to be called by the king, I want to be called by Liu Qi; I don't want a daughter, I want seven hearts. I don't want to see immortals, but I want to know the seven sides of willow branches, which is a true portrayal of the fashion prevailing in brothels at that time. As the first brothel poet in the Song Dynasty, Liu Yong regarded geisha as a bosom friend and pinned his true feelings on them. Liu Yong once wrote a love letter to a singer named litchi. This love letter is actually a word called litchi fragrance, which is very classic. In his words, he wrote: "No matter where you look for beauty, you should go home late.". "Slowly, my socks are covered with dust, and I can look around Joan's feast. The gold thread on the summer dress faded slightly.
Liuhua Bridge, wind curtain and green curtain, 100,000 households. Clouds surround the dike sand, wild waves roll frost and snow, and natural hazards are boundless. The city is full of jewels, and every household in Luo Qi is extravagant. Rebuilding the lake presents Ting 'an. There are Sanqiu cinnamon and Shili Lotus. Strong feelings, Lingge side night, there are old people playing fishing lotus baby. Riding with high teeth, listening to flutes and drums, singing clouds. I'll go to Fengchi another day to boast about the beautiful scenery there. "There is heaven on earth and Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth. Liu left people with infinite imagination, infinite beauty and infinite romance in the super casino. Other works of the Song Dynasty, such as the famous poet Yan Shu's Wangjiang Watching the Sea and the Bright Moon, and the Jade House Spring of Qin Guan, are all amazing masterpieces. Lu You, a gifted scholar, also has many brothel poems, such as Queqiao Fairy, Liulin Inn, Farewell to a Cold Night, Listening to the Qin and so on. Xin Qiji, a bold poet, also wrote many poems representing brothel culture. Such as "plum blossom quatrains" and "fishing". As far as the overall style is concerned, the brothel poems sung by Song literati are mostly passionate, but the language tends to be calm and affectionate, which is different from the unrestrained romance of Tang poets. However, whether in the prosperous Tang Dynasty or the Song Dynasty, the brothel culture has written a dazzling stroke in the history of China literature. Taking prostitutes to enjoy the cool night rain "Two Poems" wrote: "Childe mixed with ice water, beauty snow with lotus root Yue Nv red makeup wet, Yanji Cui Dai worried. "Du Fu's poems are almost identical to his sense of hardship." Although the country has broken mountains and rivers, people look forward to spring. Therefore, the later scholar Yuefu once said: "In the Tang Dynasty, pornography and gambling were rampant, and geisha kiosks were everywhere. Scholars, most of whom enjoy themselves, have many affairs that will be passed on to future generations. Add Du Fu's solemnity and prostitute's poems, and you can imagine the rest. "Writing more poems in the late Tang Dynasty is not only the sufferings of people's livelihood, but also the pursuit of elegant and beautiful poetic style, yearning for indifferent feelings and far-reaching realm. The poet Du Mu wrote the best brothel poems of this period. His unrestrained romance is unparalleled, and his works "Jade Case" and "Yangzhou Ten Years and One Dream" won the reputation of a brothel. " In the year of mourning, he chanted: "Pangu had a distant grandson at that time, and he still wants to be distinguished today." A load of mud, ten red flags, traces in the earthen pot temple, and handprints in front of Huayue Mountain. Don't worry about getting married, just ask about Le Kunshu. "Although his life is closely related to prostitutes, he is also sad that his fate is as tragic as that of a singer. Of course, his masterpiece should belong to the poem "mocking prostitutes"; Cold water in the smoke cage on the sand, and night parking near Qinhuai restaurant. Strong women in business don't know how to hate their country, but they still listen to backyard flowers across the bank. "Du Mu Jinling, night check beside Qinhuai. Seeing the songs and dances rising day and night on the shore and thinking of the country's internal and external troubles, he felt worried about the country and the people, so he issued a heartfelt sigh that "the businesswoman hates the country." "If the Tang Dynasty is the heyday of poetry, then the Song Dynasty is the heyday of ci. So in the Song and Song Dynasties, Zhao and Song inherited the will and enjoyed the pleasure of prostitutes. Not bad. It's just that poetry has been changed into words. " "Poetry expresses aspiration, ci expresses emotion" and "ci expresses beauty" have become the mainstream of Song ci creation. The theme of Song Ci focuses on "eroticism" such as sadness of spring and autumn, sadness of parting, romantic love and love between men and women. From 0755 to 79000, it was found that most famous poets in the Song Dynasty had a direct relationship with brothels, so a history of Song Ci implied a life history of prostitutes in the Song Dynasty. Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, Qin Guan, Zhou Bangyan and Zhang Xi 'an are all thorough writers who write brothel poems. As for Liu Yong, nine times out of ten, a novel "Bo Qinhuai" is about the scenery of a brothel. If Song Ci leaves the brothel, there will be no graceful "Yang Liuan breeze and the waning moon", only the unrestrained "great river does not return, and the waves are exhausted"