Cantonese name comes from "Nanyue Country" in ancient Lingnan area of China, which is a general term. Folks are also called "vernacular" and "cantonese", and in Chinatown in the United States it is called "Tang dialect" The two common names "Guangfu dialect" and "provincial dialect" refer to Cantonese in old guangzhou fu, Hongkong, Macau, Wuzhou and Hezhou, which is smaller than the concept of "vernacular" and is generally called "Cantonese".
In ancient times, "Yue" and "Yue" were interchangeable words, referring to Baiyue area in the south of China. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the meanings of these two words have begun to differ. The former is mostly used in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Wu-speaking areas, while the latter is mostly used in Lingnan and Guangdong, which has long been a general term for Lingnan areas. Historically, Guangdong and Guangxi were called "Guangdong", "East Guangdong" and "West Guangdong" in Guangxi. It was not until the Republic of China that "Guangdong" gradually narrowed its scope and became the abbreviation of Guangdong Province. Therefore, in different historical periods, "Guangdong" can be divided into broad sense (Lingnan) and narrow sense (only Guangdong Province). "East Guangdong" and "West Guangdong" have different reference ranges in different historical periods. The origin and maturity of Cantonese were long before the early division of Guangdong and Guangxi in the Song Dynasty. Therefore, historically and culturally, "Cantonese" is actually a generalized "Lingnan dialect" rather than a specific "Cantonese".
Since ancient times, Guangdong and Guangxi have been connected by mountains and rivers, and their popularity is close to each other. The two places are inseparable. It was not until the Song Dynasty that it was divided into Guangdong and Guangxi. Cantonese was formed much earlier than Song Dynasty. Because of this, Cantonese is popular in Guangdong and Guangxi.
The tone of Cantonese is also very different from that of the north. There are six tones, one is clear, two are clear, three are clear, four are turbid, five are turbid and six are turbid. After that, promoting sound clarity is the high entrance, promoting sound clarity is the middle entrance, and promoting sound turbidity is the low entrance. Nine o'clock.
Li Bai's poems should be written in Shaanxi dialect.
Hehe, Qin Shihuang used to speak Qin opera. In fact, the pronunciation of Minnan dialect is closer to the pronunciation of ancient Chinese, in the pre-Qin period.
Guangdong was a barren land in ancient times and was considered uncivilized. A large number of archaeological excavations show that China culture did not originate from Guangdong and Guangxi.
For example, Yin Ruins and Sanxingdui. Early ancestors lived in Henan, where the environment was more pleasant.
Think about it. In the model, Zhuge Liang said that crossing the Lugu River in May made nothing grow, and now there are enough soldiers in the south.
It shows that Guangdong and Guangxi were still civilized and backward areas when they were in the Three Kingdoms.
At that time, the Central Plains was very advanced, and an advanced civilization would learn the language of backward civilization? During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the economy of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui was relatively developed. It seems that it is not the turn of Guangdong and Guangxi.
The capital is either Xi 'an or Luoyang, and the locals have followed suit and learned the vocabulary of "Imperial Capital". This analysis is not in Guangdong and Guangxi Mandarin is not brought by Manchu. Manchu speaking Manchu is a foreign language for you.
Beijing, Hebei, Northeast China, that piece of their own language is like that, and there are only a few children of the Eight Banners in Manchu Dynasty. Finally, Manchu was not sinicized, but the Han nationality was full.
3. Is the pronunciation of Cantonese the same as that of ancient Chinese? Some people say that the language of the Tang Dynasty is Cantonese now, because reading Tang poetry rhymes with Cantonese.
Guangzhou dialect evolved from ancient Chinese, and its formation and development went through a long process. Before the Qin Dynasty, the ethnic minorities living in Guangdong and Guangxi were called "Nanyue" (a kind of Baiyue), including Zhuang, Yao, Li and Tujia.
After Qin Shihuang sent troops to guard Lingnan, he started the pioneer of early Chinese and fusion language. However, some scholars believe that "the earliest source of Cantonese should be the result of Chu people moving south and Chu language coming south" (Li Xinkui's Guangdong Dialect).
From the Han Dynasty to the Tang and Song Dynasties, the Han nationality in the Central Plains migrated to Lingnan continuously, which promoted the development and stereotypes of Cantonese. Cantonese has not changed much since Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.
4. Urgently ask for at least 20 sentences of Cantonese dialogue. What's your name, sir? May I have your name, sir? (My surname is Zhang. Your card is my business card. Please advise.
(Xiao Zhang, this is my business card, please advise) What's your grandfather's name? Mr. Zhang, what's your grandfather's name? Sorry, I brought my card. Sorry, I don't have my business card. Let me introduce you. This is Mr. Wang Danian.
Let me introduce you. This is Mr. Wang Danian. Hello, Wang Sheng. Hello, Mr. Wang. I want you to meet Wang Sheng.
Let me introduce you to Mr. Wang. This is Guo Sheng. This is Mr. Guo. ? What's the young lady's name? What's this lady's name? His name is Liang Xiaomei.
Her name is Liang Xiaomei. Li Sheng, what's your wife's last name? What's your wife's last name, Mr. Li? ? ? Miss.
His name is Liang Xiaomei. The lady's name is Liang Xiaomei. Excuse me, who is manager Chen? Excuse me, who is manager Chen? Bury a stool? ? Who is manager Chen?
Inside is manager Chen. Before defecation? ? Who are you? Who's that in front? Excuse me, who is your manager? Excuse me, who is your manager? Excuse me, is Manager Yuan in charge? Excuse me, is Manager Yuan there? He didn't say anything.
He didn't come back. Excuse me, is this Manager Yuan's office? Excuse me, is Manager Yuan in the office? He has something to do today, so he must go to work.
He was very busy today and didn't come back to work. Two: Excuse me, who are you? Excuse me, who is your boss? He is a fool.
He didn't come back. Excuse me, which office is next to you? Excuse me, which is your boss's office? Have you seen me? Have you met our boss? What kind of teacher is she? Who is this aunt? He is my boss.
She is the wife of our boss. Why not tie a side frame? Whose child is this? He is my mother's skeleton.
She is my aunt. In front of the counter? ? Are you the boss? Is that your brother standing in front of the counter? There is nothing wrong.
That's right. Are you the boss outside the stadium? Who is your brother? Right handed? ? I am the boss.
The man standing on your right is my brother. How many people are there in your family? Who's in your family? There is a thin guy, a father and a mother.
Grandma, dad, mom and a younger brother. I have grandpa, mom and sister at home.
There are grandpa, mom and sister at home. I have an uncle and two uncles.
I have an uncle and two uncles. Good morning, Wu Sheng.
Good morning, Mr. Wu. Good morning. Nice to meet you. Good morning.
Haven't seen you for a long time. You are so tolerant of playing in my house.
You haven't been to my house for a long time. Why are you getting closer? How have you been listening recently? A few good ones.
Thank you for your concern. Not bad.
Thank you for your concern. That's very thoughtful of you.
You really care too much about me. Third: I'm glad to meet you. Are you busy at work? I haven't seen you for a long time. Are you busy at work? No, I'm too busy.
Not too busy. I have the patience to meet your boss. Have you been busy recently? I haven't seen your brother for a long time Is he busy at work? Hey, aren't you busy recently?
He hasn't been very busy recently. Have you ever been to the mainland? Have you been to the mainland recently? Once or twice occasionally.
Go back once or twice. Have you ever been to Macau? Have you been to Macau recently? I'm going to the mainland on business after the trip.
I'm going to the mainland on business in a few days. How old are you? How old are you? I am in my twenties this year.
Just turned 20 this year. How old do you think I am? Guess how old I am? I think you are twenty-five years old at most.
I think you are twenty-five years old at most. How old do you think I am? How old do you think I am? I estimate that you are eighteen at most.
I guess you are eighteen at most. How old is your sister? How old is your sister? I am five years older than him, and he is the thinnest in my business.
I am five years older than her, and she is the youngest in our family. My boss is half a head taller than me.
My brother is half a head taller than me. He is the youngest employee in our company. He is the smallest employee in our company.
I always make fun of my fifties. My father is over 50 years old.
My mother Zhong is not yet forty years old. His mother is not yet forty years old.
Working hours are enough, can't you get up? It's time to go to work, don't you get up? Must I work today? I don't have to go to work today This is a wonderful game. Why don't you understand that you are not healthy? It's getting late. Why don't you get up? I worked in the middle class last week, so I don't have to leave early.
I am in the middle class this week, so I don't need to get up so early. Eat your breakfast quickly.
Come and have breakfast. I haven't washed my face.
I haven't rinsed my mouth and washed my face. What time is it at home? What time is it now? Fight for two words, seven o'clock.
Ten minutes to seven. And home is not enough for eight o'clock? It's not eight o'clock yet. My watch says eight o'clock.
My watch is exactly eight o'clock. I have a bone to fall off work.
I still have a quarter of an hour to get off work. It's okay. I'll bury you.
Never mind, I'll wait for you.
5. What is vernacular can be interpreted differently as follows:
First, before the May 4th Movement in China, the ancient article "What is it? It's called classical Chinese Vernacular writing mainly refers to a composition form that China began to advocate and popularize after the May 4th Movement. Easy to understand, close to everyday language, with Lu Xun as an outstanding representative. Under this interpretation, Guangzhou dialect is the local dialect used in Guangzhou and its surrounding areas;
Second, at least in Guangxi, it is absolutely true: vernacular mainly refers to the local dialect of the "Cantonese" family represented by Guangzhou dialect, which is collectively called vernacular, that is, vernacular = Guangzhou dialect = Cantonese. Guangzhou dialect refers to the vernacular used in Guangzhou and its surrounding areas. Guangzhou is the economic, cultural and political center of southern China, and Guangzhou dialect is one of the most influential dialects. The vernacular intonation vocabulary varies from place to place, but they can basically communicate. For example, Guangzhou dialect, Shunde dialect, Nanning dialect and Wuzhou dialect.
6. Why is Cantonese also called vernacular? Does this vernacular have the same meaning as the vernacular? Because for ordinary people in China, vernacular Chinese is relative to classical Chinese, which is ancient Chinese, and vernacular Chinese is the most commonly used Mandarin in China;
But for Cantonese people, the situation is completely different. For them, the common "vernacular", that is, written language, is not what they say every day, but the meaning of classical Chinese to ordinary China people, so they think that written language is not vernacular, but Cantonese is "vernacular", which is why "vernacular" is equivalent to Cantonese's popularity in Guangdong Province.
In the Cantonese-speaking area of Chinese mainland,
Spoken "vernacular" is a special name for Cantonese.
Just as "gossip" is a proper noun in Wu dialect,
It has nothing to do with the ordinary meaning of vernacular "popular language".
* In Cantonese-speaking areas of Guangdong and Guangxi (parts of central and western Guangdong and parts of southern Guangxi except the Pearl River Delta), Hakka-speaking areas of Guangdong (parts of eastern, southern, northern and western Guangdong except the Pearl River Delta) and Min-speaking areas of Guangdong (southeastern and southwestern Guangdong), vernacular is a general term for local Cantonese, especially in Guangxi, Cantonese users only have the concept of vernacular without addressing Cantonese.
* Address of Cantonese local dialect: In the Pearl River Delta region, due to the strong influence of Guangzhou, vernacular is the address of Guangzhou dialect in Cantonese. Other aborigines in the Pearl River Delta are called vernacular, which is different from local Cantonese and Hakka dialects.