1, learn about Li Qingzhao's life, and contact her other works to understand her "troubles".
2. Analyze the emotional expression in ci: combine direct lyric with indirect lyric (lyric with scenery and lyric with narration) to feel the artistic characteristics of ci.
3. Compare reading, feel the artistic style of graceful and restrained school and improve the ability of analysis and appreciation.
Important and difficult
1, the author's complicated "troubles"
2. Expression of the author's emotion.
Teaching methods:
1, reading method: remove writing obstacles and taste the wonderful use of words, words and languages;
2. Reading and inspiration: teachers and students explore together, seek the knowledge behind the words and taste the unique charm of Li Qingzhao's language;
3. Comparative appreciation method: further feel the works and cultivate students' preliminary appreciation ability.
teaching process
(A) into the "dream"
1, read Li Qingzhao's Dream, Always Remember the Sunset in Xiting.
"Always remember XiTing sunset, drunk don't know the way home. Always had a good time, but lost to the swimming pool deep in Zhu Feng. Fight for the ferry, fight for the ferry, and open a beach of gulls and herons. "
What kind of feelings is this word written about? -(Le. It is about Li Qingzhao's early life in his hometown Xiting. Through this word, we can see Li Qingzhao's carefree life and leisurely mood in her girlhood. )
2. Read "Slow Voice".
What kind of feelings is this word written about? Where can I communicate directly? ("sorrow"; "What a sad word")
How can the feelings expressed in the author's two sentences be so different? How could she be so worried when she was writing "The Voice is Slow"? Contact his life and understand it by knowing people and discussing the world.
Li Qingzhao,no. Yi 'an Jushi, a native of Jinan, Shandong Province, was an outstanding poetess in the Southern Song Dynasty. His father Li is very knowledgeable, and his mother Wang is very literate. The scholar-bureaucrat family with strong literary flavor made Li Qingzhao achieve many literary and artistic achievements. In11year, Li Qingzhao married her former student Zhao Mingcheng at the age of 18. Living a comfortable life, collecting calligraphy and painting stones with my husband. 1 125 Jin invaded the Song Dynasty and died in the Northern Song Dynasty two years later (1 127). Song Gaozong and Zhao Gou fled to the south and re-established their country. This is the so-called Southern Song Dynasty. Since then, Li Qingzhao's personal destiny has also changed with the change of national destiny. The husband and wife were forced to flee their hometown in Qingzhou, Shandong, and went south to build health. Two years later, (A.D.11August 29, 18) died of heatstroke on Zhao Mingcheng's way to Huzhou Taishou. Since then, Li Qingzhao was alone, like a refugee in exile in Du Nan, wandering in Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Taiwan, Wenzhou and Tianjin. She lived a turbulent and lonely life, and finally died in Hangzhou.
The early leisure life of young girls and young women makes her early writings more about the life interest of a beautiful family and the sadness of in my heart forever; Later ci changed the fresh and lively style of the previous period, full of sadness, and wrote more about mourning, thinking of the old country and the pain of national subjugation.
What period does "slow voice" belong to? (Later. The sorrow of mourning, the pain of exile, the thought of the old country, the pain of national subjugation and the disappointment after disillusionment are intertwined. "What a sad sentence!" )
(2) Read aloud to get a preliminary feeling. 1, read it together. 2. Listen and read aloud.
(C) appreciation of the whole word
1. How does the author convey her heavy sadness?
Clear: direct lyric: "sad and miserable" and "how can I have a sad word"
Indirect lyric: ① narrative lyric: "seeking" and "guarding the window"; ② Lyric by borrowing scenery: there are light wine, strong wind and yan zhen on the top, and yellow flowers, phoenix trees and drizzle on the bottom.
2, "looking for it, cold and clear, miserable."
"Seeking" reflects the poet's lost mental state. Lonely environment, empty mood, nowhere to send, just like losing something. This thing may be the life before exile, the love of her husband, a beloved cultural relic, or something else. They seem to be lost, but they don't seem to be there at all. This can't help but make people have a "searching" mentality. Only this sentence fully shows the sadness that she had to bear and feel because of the enemy's aggression, the collapse of the regime, the experience of displacement and Moso's life, and the sadness that remained in her heart after a long period of killing. What you lose in your heart, what you want to catch, you get nothing, and all you get is emptiness. This is a rude awakening, and you feel "cold and clear". This not only refers to the environment, but also implies the mood, or, from the environment to the heart, from the outside to the inside. Then "sadness and pain" is purely a description of inner feelings. From a deserted environment to a miserable mind.
The first three sentences, from the shallow to the deep, describe the heroine's lonely and desolate mood, which lays a sad and desolate emotional tone for the whole poem.
3. What caused the poet's sad mood? .
The weather is "the hardest to lose interest when it is warm and cold." It should be said that due to the bad environment and bad mood, it is difficult for the body to adapt. However, here, we don't talk about the cold and cheerless environment and miserable heart, but only attribute it to the "warm and cold" weather.
4. How can this sadness be alleviated? What was the result? Drinking and watching the sky makes you more worried. )
Qing: (1) It should be said that I drown my sorrows in wine, but I still can't get rid of it. But I don't know what to say here, but it's not enough to fight the strong wind. The intention is implicit, and the writing is swaying. In fact, this is an extension of the first three sentences. The so-called love is beyond words.
The urgency of the wind can be seen from the cold of the body and the sadness of the heart, such as "the ape is sobbing in the sharp wind from the vast sky"
The lightness of the wine makes the sadness more intense: although the sadness is more intense, there is at least a moment of relief when you are drunk, but no matter how you drink, you can't restrain the sadness for a moment. Is it too light or too heavy? When you can't restrain your worries, it's a subjective feeling that the taste of wine is getting weaker. A word "pale" shows the author's desolation in his later years.
Q: Why is it "light wine"? -it's not that the wine is weak, the sadness is too heavy, and the wine can't suppress the sadness, so it naturally feels weak. This is a subjective feeling. A "light word" shows how miserable the author is in his later years.
Let the students think first and answer some poems about wine expressing sadness.
The teacher made it very clear that drinking is a kind of enjoyment at first, and it should be encouraged with the gods or used to entertain guests; Who plays games while drinking at court banquets is the most common? ("Xu Lai is a cool breeze, and the water is still. Invite guests with wine, recite moon poems, and sing graceful and restrained chapters ") (Su Shi's" Ode to the Red Wall ""So I drink very happily, so I buckle my side and sing ")
By the end of the Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos and years of war, and people's lives were at stake, and there were many ancient feelings. For example, Cao Cao, who "drinks near the river and writes poems across the river", said, "What is the geometry of life?" For example, morning dew is much more difficult to go to Japan. Be generous, and your troubles will be unforgettable. How to solve the problem, only Du Kang "regrets. This worry is that time has passed and no achievements have been made. This is painful. In the final analysis, this kind of "trouble" can't solve the "trouble comes from this and can't be cut off. "
The Tang Dynasty is the peak of poetry creation, and the consumption of wine is directly proportional to the output of poetry. It can be said that Li Bai's poems are drunk one after another. "But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with a sword, what is even more worrying is to raise wine to drown our sorrows."
Bitterness, Bitterness, Boredom, Frosty Temple and Poor Wine Cup —— Du Fu's Climbing the Mountain (the sorrow of life experience and the hatred of national subjugation)
Draw a conclusion: wine is a symbol of "trouble"
I, the master, have dismounted, my guest has boarded his boat, and we raise our glasses in the hope of drinking-but, alas, there is no music.
"We drank wine, but we didn't feel happy. When we left, the river mysteriously widened to the full moon" —— Bai Juyi's Pipa Journey (parting)
"Everything is in no mood, but there is nostalgia, and the blue boat urges the hair"-Liu Yong's Lin Yuling; I advise you to have a glass of wine. There is no reason not to go out. -Wang Wei's "Send Yuan and Two Stones to Anxi" (self-mourning)
Clear: ① The wind is rushing late inherits the former's "warmth is still cold". There is a big temperature difference between day and night in autumn, and there is usually more drinking at night, which makes the night miserable and sets off sadness.
(2) "The wind is rushing at dawn", and the ancients had the custom of drinking in the morning to help the head. Xia Tan's "How Can I Be Alone in Black" and "Dusk" are all taken care of, but you still can't get rid of the sadness during the day, let alone the long and miserable night? I suffered from sadness all day, even the next night, maybe the next day. "Xiao" makes the time of sadness and pain seem very long, which shows its massiness.
"In August, the wind roared, and three kinds of weeds grew on my house", "In the sharp wind from the vast sky, apes were sobbing, and birds flew home on the clear lake and white beach", "I came from 3,000 miles away. Sad for today and autumn, and my sorrow for a hundred years, I climb this high alone ","Autumn has been sad and lonely since ancient times ","Cold and lonely, it is Changting at night, and the shower begins to rest "
(2) How to understand the image of "wild goose"?
Qing: "Wild Goose" points to autumn, symbolizing parting. For example, Yan Shu's "Huanxisha": "There is no way to help the flowers fall, and the geese seem to have returned."
How to understand deja vu?
Qing Dynasty: ① Arouse homesickness and the pain of national subjugation: The wild goose crossed Qiu Lai, and the poet was also a northerner. It seems that he is an "old friend" to take refuge in the south. Geese can go back to the north, and people can only send guests to Jiangnan. Meeting an "old acquaintance" in a foreign land adds to the poet's feeling of being reduced to the end of the world.
(2) Revealing sadness: Isn't Guo Yan the same group of Guo Yan who once conveyed his love for the poet? ("Pruning Plums": "Who sent Yun Brocade? The word "goose" returns, and the west wing is full of moon.) The goose is still the same, but things have changed, and the person who received the letter is no longer alive. So I can't help feeling sad when I see geese.
(The teacher made it very clear that geese migrate from north to south in autumn, and Li Qingzhao takes refuge in the south, so I feel that the geese knew each other in the past and wrote in a plum: "Who sent the brocade book in the clouds?" When the word goose returns, the moon is full of the west building. "The geese can still travel from south to north on time, but they are drifting and staying in other places. In the past, it was still possible for Hongyan to pass books. Now that my husband is dead and my family has left, even if there are thousands of words, there is no one to trust, and there is nowhere to pass on, and my heart is always desperate. )
When the poet mourned, the geese flying south flew by. When she looked up, she looked more like the kind that is common when embroidering rivers near Xiting. Hongyan from the north, has your motherland ever been safe? Can Xiting be saved from war? Are the flowers still so delicate and charming? But the geese flying south flew away and never looked back. Leaving me wandering and sad alone.
Q: Why does the author "feel sad" when he sees a goose?
Because "an old friend", this is the origin of sadness. The geese, who should have returned to the north, flew to the south, where the poet was taking refuge. This is really a feeling that "we are all unhappy-until we meet each other forever". We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? ”。 However, isn't this the flock of geese that once passed on their love for poets? ("Pruning Plums": "Who sent Yun Brocade? The word "goose" returns, and the west wing is full of moon.) The goose is still the same, but things have changed, and the person who received the letter is no longer alive. So I can't help feeling sad when I see geese. Goose web biography is a canon commonly used in China's classical poems, which refers to the pain of the death of her husband; Autumn geese came to the south, writing about the suffering of the country's destruction and wandering in the south. Yan Shu's "Huanxisha": "There is no way to help the flowers fall, and the geese seem to know each other." The conclusion is that crossing the goose symbolizes leaving sorrow.
Go down: from far to near, turn to describe the last autumn scene in front of your yard in detail, and further express your sadness.
5. Looking up at the sky, how does the author solve his sadness? The author looked down at the yellow flowers on the ground. The teacher made it clear that yellow flowers are chrysanthemums. When Li Qingzhao saw the yellow flowers dying, she was even more worried when she thought of her wandering life experience and gaunt face. ) "Yellow Flowers Everywhere": Shi "Chrysanthemum Spectrum" "Chrysanthemum grass is also yellow, so it is generally called yellow flowers."
How to understand "who can pick it now"?
Qing: (1) "Who can compare with * * *": At that time, I once told my husband that Dongli drank at dusk and had faint fragrant sleeves. Now, "the weather in the old days was only sad, not like the past." It also evokes the sadness of mourning.
(2) "What can I pick": Although chrysanthemums used to bloom very luxuriantly and even piled on branches, in previous years, they must be picked and put on their heads when they are in full bloom. Now, who's interested? Look, it's all withered. The withered chrysanthemums are more like their haggard faces and lonely and desolate afternoons.
6. "How can it be dark when you look at the window?" I can't see the geese flying in the sky, and I don't want to pick the yellow flowers on the ground, so I have to lean against the window alone. How can I hack it? Really bitter to the extreme. The night is still tough, so how will the long night be spent? Plain language contains a sad situation, which makes people think deeply.
7. How to understand the images of "phoenix tree" and "Mao Mao rain"?
(1) The plane tree leaves fall and the autumn color is gloomy. For example, "buttonwood, it rains in the middle of the night, and it is bitter to leave; A leaf, a voice, and empty footsteps fall into a bright place. " -Wen, "More Leakage"
(2) Rain symbolizes anxiety. Example: "It rains a lot during the Qingming Festival, and pedestrians on the road want to break their souls". -Du Mu's Tomb-Sweeping Day
"Weicheng is lighter than the rain and dust in the city, and the guest house is green and willow-colored" —— Wang Wei's "Make Two Ambassadors Anxi"
"Cold and rainy, entering Wu at night, seeing the guests off in solitude" —— Wang Changling's Farewell to Xin Jian at Furong Inn
"Sleeping in the middle of the night listening to the wind and rain, the dream of an iron horse glacier" —— Lu You's The fourth day of November is a storm (the worry of hard ambition) "The flowers in the forest wither in spring, too soon, and the wind comes late in the cold rain" —— Li Yu's Meet You Huan
Crucially, a sycamore tree itself is something that arouses sorrow and hatred. Coupled with the bitter autumn rain, not only in the ears, but also in the heart. The teacher made it clear that the drizzle of Indus symbolizes sadness and trouble. The line drawing technique is used here. Sketch is to sketch things and express emotions in extremely simple language. )
A few dead leaves fell from the buttonwood in front of the window. On that heavy night, it happened to rain again. Is heaven also crying? The sound of "tick-tock, tick-tock" rain, for me, not only hits the leaves of the plane in front of the window, but also seems to beat my broken heart.
8. To sum up, "How can I get a sad word this time?" .
It is a summary of the last article. These scenes of "it's just cold", "it's already late and the wind is rushing", "the geese passed in the old days" and "yellow flowers are everywhere" are full of the author's sadness, but the sadness does not stop there. The pain of being displaced, the pain of losing a husband, the hatred of home and country, the sadness of loneliness, etc. Can't be summed up in one word! ? Wild goose, yellow flower, drizzle of phoenix tree ... all these make the poet's sadness add up until it is hard to describe or describe, so the poet no longer needs any bedding, rendering or comparison, but simply says, "How can a sad word win this time?" Simple and straightforward, but more magical, more charming and more chewy. In contrast, even Li Houzhu's "How much sorrow can there be, just like a river flowing eastward?" I feel a little inferior. Because Li Houzhu's sadness can be described, and the poet's melancholy can't be described.
9. Read the whole word again with emotion.
Nine, blackboard writing design
Direct lyric "sad miserable" and "what a sad word"
Indirect lyric "seeking" and "guarding the window"
Take advantage of the scenery to express emotion and light wine, while the wind blows over the geese.
Yellow flowers, phoenix trees, drizzle.