Among all the quatrains, Meeting Li Guinian along the River is the latest quatrains. It is said that this poem was written in 770 AD, and Du Fu died shortly after it was written, so it is the latest quatrain in Du Fu's poems. In just 28 words, the rise and fall of dynasties, the rise and fall of the world and the fate of life are written, which makes people sigh.
The poem "On Meeting Li Guinian Downstream" was recently selected by the Ministry of Education to read the extracurricular ancient poems behind the third unit of the first volume of the seventh grade. The biggest feature of this textbook in reciting ancient poems after class is the addition of appreciation words. Students can not only appreciate the beauty of phonology of ancient poetry through reading, but also feel the meaning and profound theme of poetry through appreciating words. Let's enter and enjoy this poem together:
? Meet Li Guinian at the lower reaches of the river
In the Qi family, I often see your performances; Before urging the wine hall, I praised your art many times.
Never thought, in this Jiangnan scenic area; It is the season of falling flowers, and I can meet you, an old acquaintance.
? The meaning of this poem is easy to understand. Li Guinian was a famous singer and musician in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He was very appreciated by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and was often invited to perform for the emperor in the palace. Therefore, it is very common to hold concerts inside and outside Li Longfan's house and at Cui Di's house. When Du Fu, a poet, was young, it was common for him to enter and leave the aristocratic shogunate for fame and fortune. So there are many intersections and inevitable connections between poets and composers. From the tone of this poem, we can even feel that Du Fu is a fan of Li Guinian, and their relationship is very unusual. I can even imagine a proud conversation between two people at the height of prosperity. In modern terms, it may be like this:
? "Li Xiong's singing is so wonderful, it's just the sound of nature. No wonder the emperor admired Li Xiong so much? I am also your fan! "
? "Where, where, Du Xiong is ridiculous. I'm afraid I have to thank the emperor for his long kindness. Du Xiong's poem is the swan song!"
? "I hope we will have the opportunity to cooperate in the future?"
"What can I say, Brother Tortoise?"
? "You write poetry, I compose music, sing this prosperous time, and keep me Wang Jiangshan forever. Isn't it beautiful? "
"wonderful! Wonderful! "
In a burst of laughter, talents cherish talents, and in a greeting, they are arty. But things are unpredictable, and life is like a play. Don't want to Tianbao fourteen years, An Shi Rebellion broke out, and the prosperous scene of the Tang Dynasty was like a huge glass crystal, which was smashed to pieces by the sledgehammer of An Shi Rebellion. From then on, the sunshine of the prosperous times was covered by thick dark clouds, the Tang Dynasty began to collapse, and the people began to live in darkness. Du Fu and Li Guinian were displaced by the flood, and they were far apart. The emperor can't protect himself, and the nobles are scattered like birds and beasts, let alone different people.
? In the past few decades, Du Fu fled the rebellion with the imperial court after several twists and turns. Li Guinian is also a vagrant and has become a vagrant singer. There is a great contrast between life before and after this, which makes people feel sad. In 760 AD, Du Fu, who lived in Jiangxiang, Hunan, met Li Guinian by chance. They haven't seen each other for decades. At this time, "Du Li" met each other. I don't know whether it is the great fortune of life or the arrangement of fate. I think both of them are very emotional. Think about the scene where two people meet, which is also a beautiful scene.
It's late spring. Apricot blossoms fall in the south of the Yangtze River, while flowing water falls in the spring, changing the world. Down and out, Li Guinian had a pipa in his hand and messy hair. I met Du Fu, who was also down and out, and my heart was exhausted. I guess they didn't say much. It is estimated that "things are people who have to stop everything, and tears flow first." These two people are engaged in literature and art, and they know the elegance and tacit understanding of literati and artists. So, I guess Du Fu is reciting one of his own poems. Which one exactly? I wanted to think, only "Spring Hope" is the most appropriate:
Chang' an fell, the country was broken, and only the mountains and rivers remained; Spring has come, and the sparsely populated Chang' an city is densely forested. Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate. After three months of war, a letter from home is worth a ton of gold, and I stroked my white hair. It has become too thin, and there is no room for hairpins!
By this time, Li Guinian had tacitly played the pipa in his hand, and sang the song "Hope for Spring" after the performance. Melodious music fluttered in the forest with fallen flowers, as if all the sadness and pain in this world had vanished at this moment. ...
At the end of the song, people broke up and burst into tears. In the falling flowers, Li Guinian's faltering back drifted away, while Du Zimei's silent tears blurred, and he carefully cared for them. Two years later, Li Guinian fainted at a concert and died of depression. Ten years later, Du Fu wrote his last quatrain "On Meeting Li Guinian Downstream" and died a few months later. A generation of poets, a generation of swan songs, dissipated with the wind in the decline of the Tang Dynasty, leaving infinite regret and lament.
Du Fu is a master of metrical poems and quatrains. In just 28 words, the rise and fall of a dynasty and personal destiny are expressed so thoroughly and incisively that people have to feel deeply when reading it.