Original text
The meaning of summer
The summer scenery is deep and clear in the other courtyard,
Pomegranates are blooming all over the curtain.
It is noon when the shade of trees is all over the ground,
When I dream (jué), I hear the sound of a wandering warbler.
Translation
The small courtyard is deep in the courtyard, with winding paths leading to it. In this extremely clear and quiet environment, there is a small pavilion and a bamboo mat. . The poet lay on it and looked outside leisurely. He saw pomegranate flowers in full bloom, showing their bright beauty through the curtains. It was noon in the summer pavilion, but the small courtyard was still overcast and cool. When I woke up, I could only hear the clear rhyme of one or two orioles coming from deep in the garden from time to time.
Enlightenment
Su Shunqin is often more pointed and straightforward than Mei Yaochen in reflecting current ills and exposing social contradictions. On the one hand, this is due to his personality, and on the other hand, it is also related to Su Shunqin's depressing experience. He was a person who had a high self-esteem, but he was always excluded and even framed. Therefore, he felt that he could not fulfill his due responsibilities to society, but also felt the pain of personal frustration. The two emotions coalesced, reinforcing each other. The last verse of "Chengnan Feelings for Uncle Yong" says: "I am now hungry and alone, so I think to myself again: I have no time to help myself, how can I return to my hometown? I am full of sorrow and anger, and the mountains and hills cannot be even." The implication is that It is: If he could hold the position of power, he could save the people; but he had no choice but to take care of himself, so he was particularly angry. In some poems, he directly vented his personal dissatisfaction, such as "To Wine": My husband is young and not rich, and he is wandering around the world with his face! I am already a year old and my ambition has not yet been fulfilled, so I am studying the writing on my case. Sometimes I can't bear to worry about it, and my heart loses its harmony. The attendant came to Taihang Dian, and the wine from Taihang was as clear as the sky. He burst into tears after singing a long song, and his heart was filled with determination every time he drank. Alas, my way is not as good as wine, and my sorrow and joy are like decay. There are hundreds of people who have studied and don’t know, Liu Ling and I are going back underground! This kind of poem is emotionally frank and passionate, slightly closer to Li Bai's style, although after all it is not as high-spirited and arrogant as Li Bai's. "History of the Song Dynasty" originally said that Su Shunqin "was always angry and angry at singing and poetry, and his style was bold and often astonishing". Among the poets of the Northern Song Dynasty, he does have the flavor of the Tang Dynasty. Therefore, although his theoretical expressions are pedantic, his poems are quite lively because of his emotional exposure, and they are not moralistic. In terms of the language art of poetry, Su Shunqin, like Mei Yaochen, tried to use new images and new syntax to break the mature and outdated poetry pattern. Prose sentences, unfamiliar and difficult vocabulary, and strange and beautiful images can often be seen in his poems. However, due to the different strengths of the two, there are still obvious differences in their poetic styles. This is just as Ouyang Xiu commented in "Six Day Poetry Talk": "Shengyu and Zimei were both famous at the same time, but the two styles of poetry are unique. Zimeilihao Jun, it is extraordinary to think of extreme heights; Sheng Yu thinks of subtlety, of profound and leisurely meanings. Each one is extremely good, and no one can judge the superiority or inferiority. "The previous "Duijiu" is an example, and I will take "The Wine" below. "Viewing the Fishing at the Long Bridge of the Songjiang River before it is clear" is an example: The dawn is dimly clear to the east, and the fishing boats are reflected in the distance. The white smoke on the surface of the waves dimmed and the moon fell, and the top of the mountain was burnt and mixed with sparse stars. Don't touch the sleeping dragon with its ringing root. When you lift the net, you will smell the smell of fish and turtles. Since I have no official career, I plan to come with you and bring you a banquet. Some of the unique vocabulary and images in this poem can be found in similar usage in Mei Yaochen's poems. The unrestrained boldness and openness of the whole poem are difficult to find in Mei Yaochen's poems; conversely, Mei Yaochen Su Shunqin also lacks the subtle, deep, implicit and delicate characteristics of Chen's poems. The most obvious weakness of his poems is that they sometimes only focus on the catharsis of emotions, but ignore the elaboration of the emotional expression method and the inner tension of language, resulting in them appearing rough and even incomplete. But there are also some small poems, which Su Shunqin wrote quite exquisitely, such as "Huaizhong Late Parking Dutou": The grass is green in the spring shade, and sometimes there are flowers and trees. In the evening, I moored in Guzhou under the ancient temple, watching the wind and rain in the river. The second sentence has some prose, but the word "shi" is used to make the scene move, as if flowers and trees pop into view from time to time in a green grassland. "You" and "Ming" both describe flowers. One is psychological feeling and the other is visual. The combination is very unique. The emotional charm of the whole poem is close to that of Tang poetry, but it is more quiet and delicate, and the meaning is more fluid and tortuous. Another example is "Summer Meaning": The summer mat in the other courtyard is deep and clear, and the pomegranates are blooming all over the curtain. The trees cover the ground in the shade at noon, and I hear the sound of a wandering warbler in my dream. It is also written in a small, unique and interesting way. It is not presented as parallel images. The line of sight in the poem is in constant flow and transformation: first the deep courtyard, then a bright pomegranate tree through the bamboo curtain, and then the sun in the sky and the shadow of the tree. A summer scene hanging from the ground, and finally a wandering warbler breaks the silence of the owner's dream and nap. The rhythm of the poem is formed through the process of the poet's inner experience, and the texture is very delicate. This is a characteristic of Song poetry.
Appreciation
Other courtyard: The small courtyard next to the main courtyard: Bamboo mat Sleeping: Wake up Su Shunqin's poem "Summer Meaning" was able to be written in the heat of midsummer A kind of quiet state, a relaxing feeling. "Bie Yuan Shen Xia Xi Qing": The word "Xia" points out the season, while the three words "Bie Yuan", "Shen Shen" and "Qing" are deep in depth, forming a quiet atmosphere from the beginning. The other courtyard is the small courtyard next to the main courtyard. Deep, this small courtyard is deep in the courtyard of the house. The small courtyard is deep and has winding paths leading to it. In this extremely clear and quiet environment, there is a small pavilion and a bamboo mat. Han Yu's poem "Zheng Qun Presents the Bamboo Mat" once described the bamboo mat as "the eight-foot roll contains ripples of wind" and "the solemn suspicion is that there is a clear breeze blowing". "Xia Xi Qing" has the same meaning, which means that although it is midsummer, deep in the small courtyard, the bamboo mats are cool and cool. Shen Shen is a overlapping word, Shen Shen and Qing have similar vowels and the sound quality is clear and flat.
This gives people a cool and deep feeling not only from the literal image, but also from the musical image. "Pomegranates are blooming all over the curtain and the curtain is bright": The word "curtain" points out that the summer mats are spread in the Xuanwu. The poet lay on the mat and looked outside leisurely. He saw pomegranate flowers in full bloom, showing their bright beauty through the curtains. Han Yu once said, "The pomegranate flowers illuminate the eyes in May" ("Purivine Flowers"). The second sentence uses this meaning, but adds a layer of curtain. Looking at the pomegranate flowers through the curtain, although the flowers are as red as fire, they are not dazzling. Tao Yuanming has a saying: "The forest in front of the Ai Ai Hall stores the clear yin in mid-summer" ("He Guo Zhubu"). The third line of this poem is derived from Tao's poem, saying that although it is summer in the pavilion at noon, the small courtyard is still full of clear shade and coolness. The color of this sentence contrasts with the previous sentence. From "the ground is full of shade", we can imagine that there are green trees in the forest. Instead of writing about trees, we write about shade, which makes the small courtyard even more cool and tranquil. What was the poet doing in this quiet environment? "When I dreamed of sleeping, I heard the sound of a wandering warbler." It turned out that he had been soothed by the clear scenery of the small courtyard. Although the sun was scorching at noon, he had fallen asleep soundly. When he "dreamed of sleeping", he only From time to time, the clear rhyme of a wandering oriole's cry could be heard coming from the depths of the garden. Describing the sound of the oriole instead of the oriole itself not only shows the dense and deep shade of the trees, but also reflects the deep tranquility of this small courtyard with the intermittent chirping sound in the silence. A poem written by a king of the Southern Dynasty says: "The mountain becomes more secluded with the singing of birds" ("Enter the Ruoye Stream"). Wang Wei's "Xinyiwu" says: "The moonrise frightens the mountain birds, and they sing in the spring stream." The artistic conception of the last sentence is similar to the two poems. There is no sentence in this poem that does not describe the summer scene, and each sentence exudes a refreshing meaning. Reading it seems to feel like a gentle breeze blowing on your face. There are three points worth paying attention to in the way of expression of the poem: The writing style is light and ethereal: when writing about the courtyard, the ink falls in the deep courtyard; when writing about the pomegranate flower, it is covered with curtains; when writing about the green tree, it can be seen from the clear shade; when writing about the oriole, it is from the cry of the oriole. Listening to it, every sentence is written from the sky, forming a bright and ethereal artistic conception corresponding to the daytime nap.
Comments
There is no sentence in this poem that does not describe the summer scene, and each sentence exudes a refreshing meaning. Reading it seems to feel like a slight breeze blowing on your face. There are three points worth paying attention to in the way of expression of the poem: The writing style is light and ethereal: when writing about the courtyard, the ink falls in the deep courtyard; when writing about the pomegranate flower, it is covered with curtains; when writing about the green tree, it can be seen from the clear shade; when writing about the oriole, it is from the cry of the oriole. Listening to it, every sentence is written from the sky, forming a bright and ethereal artistic conception corresponding to the daytime nap. The structure is natural and ingenious: the poem is about sleeping during the day. The first three sentences are actually the scene before falling asleep, but it is not until the last sentence that the word "dream sleep" is used to identify it, and the scene after sleeping is continued. It seems to be discontinuous, but in fact, the first three sentences of the quiet and hazy atmosphere are all foreshadowing, and the phrase "it's noon" first lays the clues for taking a nap. When the last sentence makes it clear, you will quietly fall asleep and wake up suddenly. The wind tone is lively and pleasant, which avoids the disease of straight character. The style is clear but not weak. "The Backyard of Poshan Temple" written by Chang Jian of the Tang Dynasty says: "The winding path leads to a secluded place, and the Zen room is deep with flowers and trees." The image is similar to one or two lines of this poem, but Chang's poem writes about the thought of transcending the world and the feeling of desolation, and this poem gives people The impression is free and uninhibited. Ouyang Xiu called Shun Qin "majestic and unbridled" ("Essays in Honor of Su Zi"), so although he wrote about the clear scene, he was able to embody the flowing beauty and coolness in the clear, profound and distant place, clear but not weak, and flowing with ease, in the king, The Meng family is unique among others.