original text
Qiu Lai
Author: Tang Lihe
Tongfeng shocks the hardships of strong men (1), and weak light winds cry cold (2).
Who saw the book compiled by Qing Jian (3) without flowers and insects (4)?
Think straight tonight, the rain is cold and fragrant.
Autumn grave ghost sings Bao Shi [6], and hates Hijikata Chizuru's blood.
To annotate ...
(1) Tung wind: refers to the autumn wind blowing through the leaves of plane trees. Brave man: the poet calls himself.
(2) Dim light: Dim light. Winding weft: the name of the insect, commonly known as the weaver girl, wails because of the cool autumn, and the sound is like spinning.
(3) Green bamboo slips: Green bamboo slips. Book: refers to the poet's collection of poems. If you don't read bamboo slips for a long time, insects will eat them.
(4) Don't send: Don't let. Flower bug: An insect that eats away at utensils and books. D: moth-eaten.
"Sweet soul" refers to the soul of the previous generation of poets to express their condolences to the poets. Scholar: The poet refers to himself.
Bao's Poems: refers to the poems of Bao Zhao in the Southern Song Dynasty. Bao Zhao once wrote a series of "Difficult to Go" poems to express his incompetence.
(7) "Hate blood" sentence: "Zhuangzi" said: "Changhong died in Shu, hid blood, and became a blue and white flower in three years."
translate
The autumn wind is amazing, and the strong men work hard. It seems that under the dim light, the weaver girl cries and urges to knit cold clothes. I wrote this book with bamboo slips. Who will read it in the future so that it won't be eaten into powder and holes by insects? When this idea is involved, my stomach will be anxious tonight, and the raindrops will be cold, comforting me like the soul of an ancient poet. On the graveyard of autumn night, I read Bao's poems, and their blood turned into jasper in the soil, which will last for thousands of years.
Make an appreciative comment
Among Li He's more than 200 poems handed down to later generations, more than a dozen are "ghost" poems. This poem is a "ghost" poem, which describes the poet's sadness when autumn comes, judging from his gloomy and ghostly style.
"The sun and the moon abandon people and are determined to win", which was originally the same feeling of intelligent people throughout the ages. The poet showed special sensitivity to the passage of time, so that the sound of autumn wind blowing off the leaves of buttonwood made him soul-stirring and infinitely miserable. At this time, the residual light shone on the wall, and I could hear the wailing at the foot of the wall; That song sounds to the poet as if he is knitting a cold cloth, reminding people that autumn is deep and cold, and the end of the year is coming. At the beginning of the poem, "Qiu Lai" appeared in one or two periods, expressing feelings from "shock" to "bitterness". The first sentence "heartache" shows that the poet's heart is shaking strongly. The second sentence "Crying for Cold", a cold word, refers not only to the cold of that year, but also to the chilling when listening to the cries of meridians. Emotionally, it directly inherited the "shock" and "bitterness" of the previous sentence.
This sentence or two is the introduction of the whole poem. A word "bitter" sets the tone of the whole poem, covering the following six sentences. "Anyone who reads a book compiled by Qing Jian does not send flowers, insects, powder and moths", the first sentence asks questions in a positive way, and the second sentence supplements them in a negative way. Facing the dim light and listening to the sound of autumn, the poet was filled with emotion. He let out a long sigh: "Who will appreciate these disgusting and bloody poems and who will not let moths eat into powder in vain?" Sentimental emotion echoes the word "bitter" in the first sentence.
Five or six sentences follow the meaning of the above two sentences. The poet tossed and turned, sleepless all night, deeply entangled and tortured by the sorrow and pain of this world without bosom friends and heroes without masters. It seems to straighten the nine ileum. The poet pondered bitterly, thinking that in the fading light, he seemed to see a bosom friend who appreciated him in front of him. In the patter of cold rain on the window, the "sweet soul" of an ancient poet came to ask him about the "scholar". These two sentences, the poet's mood is extremely painful, and the pen is extremely complicated. People are used to using "intuition" and "heartbreak" to express the feeling of grief. Li He, on the other hand, invented a new word, and adopted the expression of "straightforwardness", which haunted his mind and expressed his mind directly, vividly writing the poet's deep and intense sadness, showing the novelty of his language. Paying tribute to the dead is something that only the living usually do, but on the other hand, he said that ghosts come to pay tribute to him, an unfortunate living person, and it is a strange pen in a rock-breaking poem.
"The rain is cold and fragrant, and the soul hangs on people." The poet painted a very sad picture, and there was a voiceover. In the storm, he seemed to vaguely hear the ghost in the autumn grave, singing Bao Zhao's poem expressing "everlasting regret", and his legacy was as hard to dispel as Changhong's game-writing protocol. On the surface, the poet said Bao Zhao, but in fact he borrowed someone else's cup to water the one in his chest. People with lofty ideals have no talent, which is exactly what people hate throughout the ages.
The first half of this poem is very ordinary from scenery to emotion, while the second half is the most brilliant part of the whole poem. "Think straight tonight", triggered by concern, one dreamlike illusion after another frequently appears in front of our eyes, creating a unique realm full of romanticism and depicting feelings with illusions. The poet's deep grief and indignation and his magnificent and peculiar artistic image have reached an extremely harmonious unity. The second half is also different from the first half in rhyme. Although the first half is sad, I can still sing Long song and cry with joy, so I choose only the unvoiced words "Su" and "Mu" which have long tones and are suitable for expressing sadness. In the second half, with the expression of extremely painful feelings, the rhyme changed from a plaintive long-voiced word to a gloomy short-voiced word "ke" and "bi"
This is a famous "ghost" poem. In fact, what this poem wants to express is not a "ghost", but the self-image of a lyric poet. Images such as lingering fragrance, ghosts chanting poems, hating blood and turning green are mainly to show the poet's anguish. The poet can't find a bosom friend in the world, but he can only seek the same origin in the underworld, and his feelings are very sad.