Bai Juyi in Tang Dynasty
Bianshui flow, Surabaya flow, flows to Guazhou Gudutou. Wu Shan is a little sad.
Think long and hate long, until it's time to pay back. Yueming people lean on the building.
translate
Miss her husband's thoughts, like Bianshui and Surabaya, flow southward until Guazhou Ferry, and sorrow rises and falls like mountains in the south of the Yangtze River.
Miss, hate, where is the end? You won't stop until you come back. A bright moon shines in the sky, and I lean against the building and feel sad.
To annotate ...
Sauvignon Blanc: the name of the epigraph, transferred from Yuefu in the Southern Dynasties, said "Sauvignon Blanc above, long separation below" and wrote more about the love between men and women.
Bianshui: Originated in Henan, it flows southeast into Su and Si counties of Anhui Province, and then joins Surabaya to enter the Huaihe River.
Surabaya: Originated in Qufu, Shandong Province, it flows into Huaihe River with Bianshui after passing through Xuzhou.
Guazhou: In the south of Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province.
Wu Shan: Generally refers to the mountainous area south of the Yangtze River.
Youyou: It means deep and long.
Make an appreciative comment
This word is a famous expression of "in my heart forever", and its conception is quite novel and ingenious. It describes a young girl in the boudoir, leaning against the building on a moonlit night, missing her long-lost husband, and full of infinite affection. Words make the finishing point, and finally point out the identity of the protagonist, highlighting the theme of the work, thus leaving a strong suspense for readers.
The last movie was about scenery and love. The first three sentences compare people to running water, and write that a young woman's husband goes out and swims southeast with Bianshui and Surabaya, and reaches a far place; At the same time, it also implies that the young woman's heart is drifting away with the flowing water and her husband's whereabouts. The fourth sentence, "Wu Shan is a little sad", euphemistically expresses the sadness of young women who miss their husbands. The first three sentences are declarative sentences, which are obscure and implicit. If we don't understand them carefully, we can only see the superficial meaning of Bianshui and Surabaya, but we can't see the deeper poetry, which failed the author's painstaking efforts. Bianshui originated in Henan, and an ancient Bianshui flowed eastward from Kaifeng to Xuzhou, then merged into Surabaya, connected with the canal, and flowed into the Yangtze River through Guazhou Ferry in the south of Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, to further places. These three songs are lyrical by scenery, and they contain feelings in ruthlessness, using metaphors and symbols. The sentence "Wu Shan is a little sad" entered Wudi on the basis of "Guazhou Gudu", and Wu Shan is elegant and heavy, which is a good sentence in the last film. "Five mountains and spots" is a landscape. Here, the author only focuses on the word "worry". With this word "worry", the meaning suddenly changed greatly: the beauty of Wu Shan no longer exists, and people's worries are as heavy as mountains, which is one of them; Mountains are also sad because of people's worries, which is two; If the mountain is sad, then the water on it hates water. This is three. One word awakened the whole film, but its pen power was strong.
The following film expresses the young woman's resentment against her husband's long absence. Hate "and" leisurely ",endless, deep thoughts, long waiting, can also be seen from this. To get rid of this kind of hate, unless the lover returns, so the word "hate will not stop until then" is not only a psychological activity of thinking about women, but also a conclusion made by the poet on her thoughts. The sentence "people lean against the building in the moonlight" may be interpreted as that both of them lean against the building and look at the moon after their lover returns, that is, this sentence is used as a supplementary sentence of "I hate it until I return"; Or it can be explained as the time and place when a woman misses her lover for her mother. Of these two explanations, this paper adopts the latter. On a moonlit night, it is the most intense moment to miss people. This sentence is full of artistic conception, which has the function of deepening the image of the characters and subliming the theme.
This word embodies the author's skillful writing skills. He set out with running water under the moon, symbolizing long-term parting, deep thoughts and resentment caused by it; The bright moonlight on the outside, the long flowing water, the small distant mountains, and the long thoughts and grievances of the inner world of the thinking woman are extremely harmonious; The frequent use of overlapping words and rhymes, rhyming sentences, and the feminine charm of folk songs naturally form a kind of flowing water, which is very suitable for writing "Running Water" and "Acacia". Therefore, although this word is only thirty-six words, it is a beautiful artistic treasure.
Extended reading: Bai Juyi's poetic theory
Bai Juyi's thought integrates Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, mainly Confucianism. Mencius said that "being rich will help the world, and being poor will be immune to it" is the creed he followed all his life. His ambition of "helping the world and the people" is mainly based on Confucian benevolent policies, including the theory of Huang Lao, the technique of treating filial piety and the method of applying Korea; His mind of "being alone" absorbed the concepts of contentment, uniformity and freedom of Laozi and Zhuangzi and the Buddhist thought of "liberation". The two are roughly bounded by Bai's demotion of Jiangzhou Sima. Bai Juyi not only left nearly 3,000 poems, but also put forward a whole set of poetic theories. He compared poetry to a fruit tree and put forward the viewpoint of "root feeling, Miao character, Watson and true meaning" (nine books are the same). He believes that "emotion" is the fundamental condition for writing poetry, and "those who move people should not care about emotion first" (nine books at the end of Yuan Dynasty). The emergence of emotion is helpful and tied up with current politics. Therefore, poetry creation cannot be divorced from reality, but must be based on various events in real life and reflect the social and political situation of an era. He inherited the tradition of "beauty and beauty" since the Book of Songs and attached importance to the realistic content and social function of poetry. Emphasize the role of poetry in exposing and criticizing political abuses. He put forward a series of principles in the method of poetry expression. In Nine Books with the Same Origin, he put forward the realistic writing principle of "writing articles in time and writing poems for things".
His poetic theory is of progressive significance for urging poets to face up to reality and care about people's livelihood. It also has an important influence on the poetic style that has gradually emphasized form since Dali (766 ~ 779). However, overemphasizing the subordination of poetry creation to the needs of real politics will inevitably constrain the artistic creation of poetry and the diversification of poetry styles.