Since segmentation is so important, children must write in segments. When subdividing, we should grasp the following principles:
(1) fragments should be connected with each other to form a whole. Just like bamboo "knots", one section is connected with another and cannot be interrupted.
(2) Each paragraph should have a central idea and be complete and independent.
(3) The sentences in each paragraph are more or less infinite. As long as a central idea is fully expressed, it can be a paragraph of its own.
(4) Each paragraph has only one central idea and cannot contain too much meaning. If it is irrelevant or inconsistent with the central idea, it is better to write another paragraph.
(5) In order to make the subsection statement more clear, clear and eye-catching, sometimes the dialogue in the composition can be a paragraph of its own. This situation is most common in stories and novels.
2. How to write a composition How to write a composition for primary school students, how to write a good composition, and grasp the writing of primary school students as a whole. First, improve the ability to understand and express things.
Mr. Ye Shengtao, a famous educator in China, pointed out: "Writing anything depends on knowledge and experience. What kind of knowledge and experience can make you write something. On the other hand, if you don't have the ability to express understanding, you can't write a good composition. "
Second, take the cognitive structure as the core of the composition, including learning knowledge, observing accumulation, memory storage, training thinking, enriching imagination, cultivating emotion and exercising will; From talking about writing, scrutinizing and revising, reading more books and writing more. Third, establish the concept of big composition and combine listening, speaking, reading and writing organically. The second is to make clear the purpose of writing and be innovative; Third, the selection of materials should be based on evidence; Fourth, we should pay attention to writing skills and arrange the structure of the article; Fifth, we should pay attention to the segmentation of the article and list the subheadings and composition outlines in advance; Sixth, we should pay attention to the writing and usage of the article; Seventh, we should use language skillfully and use thought to schedule language.
Learn five ways to conceive: praise people with things, express their feelings directly, reason with things, touch the scene and express their feelings with things. Fourth, the composition goal is decomposed year by year: first-level words, second-level sentences, third-level fragments, fourth-level chapters, fifth-level synthesis and sixth-level improvement.
According to the principle that cognition is the core of composition, around the core of developing students' psychological mechanism, five exercises are carried out in a down-to-earth manner: (1) word training. Learn to master many words.
Master the golden key to using words: contact with things you are familiar with; Contact your own life reality; Contact your knowledge of language and writing. Use the method of "ten quotations" to combine word learning with oral training.
The "Top Ten Quotations" are: 1, analyzing glyphs; 2. Use teaching AIDS; 3. Look at the pictures and learn words; 4. Word formation and expansion; 5. Choose words to fill in the blanks; 6. collocation of words; 7. Adjust the word order; 8. Words used to move the scene; 9. Word classification; 10, conjunctions into sentences. Enrich the content of oral training, so that I can accumulate a large number of words that I can speak and use, and lay a solid foundation for writing.
(2) Sentence training. As long as it is a sentence, it includes two aspects: one is about people, things, things and scenery, and the other is about purpose.
However, some teachers do not use pictures and things to seriously teach students the methods of observation, understanding, analysis and expression when instructing students to say a sentence. They just take out a picture or something for students to say and write a sentence. Students don't know why to say and write a sentence, how to say and write a sentence, and what sentence patterns to say and write, which leads to a single, dull and lifeless composition tone. Students can be taught to speak and write a sentence with four complete elements, four sentence patterns and nine sentence patterns, according to pictures, things, dialogues and exercises.
Students will use different sentence patterns and sentence patterns to express different thoughts, feelings, attitudes and purposes in their compositions. (3) Paragraph training.
Combination of eight segments: the development of things is a sequential segment, time is a sequential segment, and spatial transformation is a sequential segment, a general and substructure segment, a causal segment, a turning segment, a progressive segment, and a parallel segment. In order to understand the law of occurrence and development of objective things.
No matter what kind of paragraph, it describes the development of things and people's understanding of things, that is, the content and the center of the paragraph. Like a sentence, it is also a description of people, things, things and scenery, and it also expresses a meaning.
Just to make a sentence clearer and deeper. (4) Text training.
A chapter consists of paragraphs. Through the knowledge and methods of examining topics, making ideas, selecting materials, planning articles, defining methods and terms, through the four expression methods of narration, description, lyricism and discussion, the methods of beginning and end of articles, transition and echo, and the knowledge and methods of various article genres.
Learn to write narrative and practical articles with clear center, complete meaning and appropriate details. (5) On-site training.
Use on-site training to better understand writing from the content. Through various composition teaching activities such as "centering", "selecting materials", "composition consultation meeting", "Xiao Zhuge grade examination meeting" and "wonderful word competition meeting", we can learn composition knowledge and writing methods vividly and concretely from the activities.
In addition, you can also carry out various activities inside and outside the school, such as skipping rope, tug-of-war, kicking shuttlecock, ball games, endorsement competitions, etc., and learn how to write competition compositions; Carry out voluntary labor inside and outside the school and learn how to write labor scenes; Hold poetry recitals and lectures to learn how to write conference scenes and experiences; Learn how to write travel notes and travel notes by visiting and browsing places of interest. Learn to observe methods and pay attention to things around you. "Pay attention to everything and you will learn. The cultivation of human feelings is the article."
Through on-site life composition, I further realized that life is fertile ground for composition. So as to learn something, express the true feelings, cultivate the sentiments of truth, goodness and beauty, and cultivate a good style of writing.
Implement "mutual evaluation and mutual reform" to cultivate students' thinking independence and creativity. After students write their compositions, organize group comments.
Learn the advantages of other people's compositions first, and then point out the shortcomings in their own compositions with critical eyes and suggestions for improvement. Rewrite on this basis, so that students can learn something from each article they write.
Writing an honest self "writing an honest self" is what the old educator Mr. Ye Shengtao said. It aims to create a colorful "independent" composition world.
The so-called "autonomy" means that students are free to think and write without being restricted by rules and regulations. "Independent" composition means "speaking from the heart", acting spontaneously, showing self-style, and embodying distinctive personality.
We should break away from the old composition teaching method, let students write in an "independent" state, shed affectation and imitation, give them fresh imagination and rich creativity, and what is waiting to be harvested will be colorful colors, fresh fruits and full of vitality. When writing, it often happens in the classroom: some students are exhausted and pour out what they want to say in a few words, which is shriveled; Some students are full of thoughts, and if there is running water in their minds, or gurgling, or ups and downs, their works are eloquent.
The reason is, of course, closely related to the adequacy of writing materials. However, another important factor must not be ignored, that is, how well imagination is played. According to the research of modern brain physiology, the human brain can be divided into four functional parts, namely, perception part, judgment part, storage part and imagination part.
3. How do pupils write their second-grade compositions smoothly? Abstract: Primary school students' composition is a big project and a big problem.
The methods of guiding students to write a good composition are: guiding students to read more books, accumulating composition materials, teaching students the basic methods of writing, and teaching students to revise their compositions. In short, we should stimulate students' enthusiasm for writing and make them love writing.
Key words: reading, accumulating, writing methods, and revising compositions are a major problem for students and a major project in primary school. Many students can't write a composition, so they can't start and write well.
So, how to guide students to write a good composition? Summarize the following methods from years of teaching practice: 1. Guide students to read more books and accumulate composition materials. Reading breaks thousands of volumes, and writing is like a god.
If you want to write a good composition, you must read more books. From books, students can learn other people's words and sentences, learn other people's article styles, and provide enough materials for their own compositions.
How to guide students to read more books? First of all, we should stimulate students' interest in reading. Teachers use reading classes to lead students to read books suitable for their age, let students choose their favorite books, create a reading atmosphere, and let every student read quietly.
In the process of reading, students can introduce their favorite books to each other in class to stimulate them to read more; It can guide students to carry out reading competitions and greatly stimulate their reading enthusiasm; We should also do a good job in home-school cooperation, encourage parents to read with their children, and encourage parents to guide their children to read at home. As long as students like reading, their knowledge treasure house can continuously store a large amount of knowledge. As long as they persevere, the treasure house will become richer and richer, and there will be more and more writing materials.
Only by reading extensively can we enrich our knowledge. With the treasure house of knowledge, you can open the door of thinking, and you can write a steady stream of words, otherwise you can only write a few meaningless and repetitive words.
It's no good just reading without excerpting. Students must form the good habit of accumulation. Good words, sentences, meaningful sentences and interesting paragraphs encountered in reading can be copied down.
Teachers can choose some beautiful sentence categories for students to copy down, describe people, describe scenery and so on. And extract it according to the unit composition, so as to provide material for the composition of this unit and let every student use some beautiful sentences. For the paragraphs that need to be recited in the text, you must be able to recite and write.
We should also accumulate a large number of ancient poems, master the essence of China culture, and provide rich materials for writing. Second, teach students the methods of writing.
1. Observe life carefully and write down what you see and hear. Ye Shengtao, a famous educator, once said: "Writing is inseparable from life. To what extent can life be enriched, what words will be created. So when it comes to fundamentals, there is no reliable preparation method except the continuous road to think and grow rich. "
Therefore, composition is a part of life and a way of life. When life enters the composition, students have something to say. In a lively life, students can write lively compositions by pouring their true feelings into them.
In addition, teachers should actively guide students to create materials from life. When writing articles about scenery and people, students can observe and understand before writing.
For example, writing a composition on "Spring" can organize students to observe the changes of spring after class and look for the footprints of spring. In order to write in order, teachers can also lead students to observe the spring on campus, so that students can find the changes in spring. In class, talk about the changes of grass and willow branches. What are they like? Students have strong observation ability, rich imagination and unique thinking beyond adults, and the articles they write will be unique.
Writing originates from life, and it is the unshirkable responsibility of Chinese teachers to make writing a life. Educating students in daily life should form the good habit of careful observation, combine composition with life, enrich life and write thoughtful and innovative articles.
2. Practice by imitating the model essay. In the teaching process, I found that liking and being familiar with model essays is the beginning of students' writing, so that students can carefully collect their favorite and useful model essays in the composition garden and turn them into their own "composition collection".
This stage is a process of "treasure hunting" for students, and it is also a subtle process. The articles selected in the textbook are all excellent articles studied and recommended by experts. In teaching, let students carefully ponder the writing ideas and methods of the article, and let students imitate writing.
Imitate a paragraph, an article. Allow students to borrow sentences and fragments from the article at will, so that students can understand the author's writing characteristics, writing methods and layout from imitation. On this basis, add your own language and thoughts to show students' imitation ability and stimulate their desire to write hard.
For example, in the teaching of the article "Unforgettable Laughter", after students have mastered the knowledge of this lesson, let students talk about the laughter of their classmates who live together day and night, and then write it down by imitating the writing in the article. Students live together every day and are familiar with each other. As long as we guide them to use words, I believe the article will be handy to write.
There are many model essays that students can imitate, and teachers can guide them in different categories. Choose articles that are suitable for students to imitate, so that they can play freely and apply what they have learned, that is, the ability to be flexible and adapt to changes, feel their joy from students' success, share their sense of accomplishment, and stimulate students' desire to write.
3. Learn to use beautiful words and quote famous words appropriately. A good article needs beautiful words just like a person needs to dress up.
The use of beautiful words and expressions in the article can add color to the article and sublimate it. But it should be just right, not too much, too much will appear flashy.
Famous sayings can polish and sublimate articles. Especially at the beginning and end of the article, using some beautiful words can make students' articles icing on the cake.
Usually, we should pay attention to collecting beautiful words and phrases, and choose the right ones to use when writing articles. 4. Teach students the basic ideas of homework.
The main types of exercises that primary school students are required to write are: writing people, taking notes, writing landscapes, writing objects, imagining, writing letters, feeling after reading, and proposing. Primary school students are young, so teachers must teach them to write.
4. How to write a composition? The first step is to write the central idea concisely.
The central idea is the meaning reflected by the events written in the article, which is the problem to be explained in this paper. So the center must be clear, relevant to the topic and concise.
The second step is to arrange primary and secondary materials. After writing the central idea, you should line up the materials selected around the center, divide them into paragraphs in order, make clear what to write in each paragraph, and write concise paragraphs.
The content of key paragraphs can be written in layers. The third step is to determine the detailed paragraphs.
According to the requirements of the center, think about which materials are the most important and can best express the center. This part of the materials should be written in detail; Secondary materials should be abbreviated to determine the key paragraphs and details of the article and abbreviated parts. In short, the outline should be carefully thought out.
The outline should be written clearly, concisely and practically. Example: Title: The Weight of Lifestyle: Narrative Prose Concept: Facing the society, the family and ourselves, life always bears a heavy burden.
The burden is heavy and the road is difficult to walk, but the burden increases the weight of life. Beginning: lightness is the beginning of life; Weight is the end of life.
The weight of life makes your waist slim, your shoulders generous and your heart firm. Subject: 1, ant.
The burden of your life is full of society. Ants responsible for carrying food have to carry 10 million times their own weight in their lifetime. )
Your waist is thin because of the heavy load, E68A84E8A2aD3231333532363134313032313633133333035366. 2. father.
The burden of your life is your family. When I was a child, I sat on my father's shoulder. Now, my father still bears the burden of the whole family. )
Your shoulders are heavy. 3. me.
The burden of my life is full of thoughts. Reflect on the dark side of your soul; Think about the dark side of society and human nature. )
My heart is solid with a heavy burden. End: bear the burden, so that life in the storm will no longer shake; Load, so that lonely life is no longer cowardly; Carrying a load increases the weight of life.
5. How to write a composition in the second grade? It's snowing, and the object is white. It is really a world wrapped in silver, which also makes us deeply understand what is "like spring breeze, night comes, blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees" and what kind of beautiful scenery it is. Please follow the author's composition about snow and walk into the world of snow! Fan suddenly discovered how beautiful the snowflake was. It purifies the whole world and every corner of our hearts.
Snowflakes are falling gently from the sky. I walked alone outside the house, quietly enjoying the happiness brought by the rare snow scene.
It really snows! The snow god seems to be bidding farewell to the winter that is about to leave, and tears keep flowing out of his eyes. Countless snowflakes in the sky, fluttering with the wind, present various colors, such as gems and diamonds.
If you look closely, you will see its white, pure white and wonderful white. Like silk, it flies in the air, twisting her beautiful hexagonal figure ... Snow-white snowflakes gently fall on the grass, as if to put on a snow-white dress for the earth.
The grass under the snow struggled to show its young head, and the children in the snow played and roughed up ... Snow-white colors appeared in front of my eyes, snow-white sounds echoed in my ears, and snow-white smells lingered around my nose ... as if everything was stained with snowflakes, as if the whole world had fallen into snow-white silence! I suddenly found out how beautiful snowflakes are. They have purified the whole world and every corner of our hearts. He fell to the ground silently and gently, and instantly turned into water drops, nourishing the dry land and our hearts, completely opening the door of our hearts and instantly integrating with nature.
Falling snowflakes sometimes collide in the air, merge into wonderful and strange rhymes, and flow into our open hearts ... Although falling snowflakes are so erratic and unpredictable, they are real. The snow is still falling, but at the moment, I feel that he is spreading beautiful snowflakes to the earth.
Perhaps my happiness touched the snow god. Gradually, she stopped crying.
Snow God seems to understand something-winter has passed, can spring be far behind? Miss Fan Wen left slowly, while Brother Dong came quietly! I can't keep silent in the autumn night. Sorry to walk in the winter snow. The coming of winter brings a lovely spirit-snow! The arrival of snow covered the original monotonous world with a layer of white silver gauze, and filled the original lonely world with vitality and joy everywhere.
This also implies that a new year is coming. People often say that "snow will bring a good harvest".
Snow is children's playmate. They often have snowball fights and make snowmen in the snow. This adds a bit of laughter to the lonely world.
It also rejuvenated the world. The purity of snow makes people feel a bitter taste.
Isn't she like a simple child? Naive, she makes people feel a kind of unspeakable happiness. I love snow! But I love people who are as pure and persistent as snow.
Snow arrival covers people's crops and announces the arrival of spring. Fan Wensan's snow fell from the sky one after another, as if countless butterflies were dancing and catkins were dancing lightly, and heaven and earth were integrated.
At noon, I had lunch and opened the curtains. Ah, the scenery in front of me surprised me-it was snowing heavily outside, and then I deeply realized the meaning of the idiom "goose feather snow" I looked out of the window and lost in thought. When I came to my senses, I saw another scene.
The snow is still falling here, and the roofs, branches and roads are covered with a thick layer of snow. It's quiet outside, as if only snowflakes are falling gently, and a good play is being staged, really like a silver kingdom made of powder and Dai.
The road is like a thick carpet. It creaks when you step on it, leaving a series of deep footprints. The world covered with snow and ice is particularly enchanting.
The children all came downstairs to have a snowball fight and make a snowman. Laughter attracted snowflakes, and their hair and noses were covered with light snow.
I'm attracted, too. Come downstairs. Reach out and a snowflake falls on my hand, cool, gentle, soft and comfortable! Snowflakes are hexagonal, which are made up of many small snowflakes gathered together. I didn't know the fairy in the sky had such a wonderful design.
Snow is still falling, like pearls, crystal clear, like goose feathers, like spirits in the sky, naughty and lovely, like catkins, falling from the sky ... At this time, I think of distant mountains, and snow covers her gentle undulating curve, wrapping her in silver. If you enter the mountains to enjoy the snow at this time, it's like entering a fairy tale world! Snow, like beautiful music and affectionate poems, brings happiness to children and lets us enjoy the beautiful pictures of Xue Rui.
Fan Siwen, it's snowing! Although I am afraid of the cold winter, I sincerely love snow. I turned around in the snow with great excitement and carefully stretched out my hands to meet the falling white petals. The clothes, hats and scarves were all white, and I was reluctantly pulled into the umbrella by my companion. I have to listen quietly to the sound of snowflakes falling on the umbrella, so soft and moving, just like a mother caring for her baby and whispering in her lover's ear. Thus, the whole world is like a gentle trap, which makes people unconsciously intoxicated and deeply intoxicated.
It seldom snows so heavily in my hometown. Dressed up with snowflakes for an afternoon, the whole world is impeccably pure. I think I was shocked by those white eyes, and I couldn't help humming Snowman, which moved me.
At night, I can't help but open the door and look out. The night glowed softly against the snow. It's so romantic to find the night so quiet and beautiful for the first time. I hope I can't dance like an elf in a white gauze. Then I will try my best to jump out of my most beautiful dance and do a "Chang 'e Twilight Sleeve, with the aim of loyal soul dancing". I really seem to want to move my steps.
Suddenly, my mother called me into the house, because it was still snowing outside, and I think people can't help being stupid sometimes. Yes, the night is so tempting.
The next day, I walked in the Woods behind the house. There is no beautiful scenery in the Chinese fir forest.
6. Four paragraphs of the second grade composition need careful consideration. "Think more and gain more." Think deeply at ordinary times, ask "why", "what" and "how" when something happens, and see the essence through the phenomenon. You should also record the "sparks" and conclusions of your thinking at any time. Second, you have to compile them, that is, you have to extract famous sayings and aphorisms.
In short, the composition should be accumulated, and the three writing warehouses of vocabulary, material and thought should be counted regularly, sorted and sorted, and constantly enriched and expanded.
Second, learn to observe before writing a good composition.
When answering the question of "how to write a good article" by young artists, Mr. Lu Xun emphasized two points: one is to read more books, and the other is to practice more. Here, "reading more" means observing more. This shows that in order to write a good article and master skillful writing skills, it is necessary to observe more and learn to observe, and observation is the necessary premise and foundation of writing.
7. How to teach second-year students to write composition The following is my experience for your reference.
Children in lower grades begin to read synchronized compositions, which can be imitated. Training children to tell stories is good for writing.
How to write a good composition?
1, a good article comes from life, write what you see and hear; Write your own personal experience; Write your true feelings, so that the article will be vivid and touching.
2. Writing is not accomplished overnight. But in the face of today's exam-oriented education, we might as well learn some skills. For example, recite more paragraphs at ordinary times, with a good beginning and a good ending. To prepare for the exam.
3. Read more, study hard and learn from it. Good articles, good words and sentences, learn to accumulate.
4. Create a novel and unique article title. Sometimes you can get twice the result with half the effort.
5. Keeping a diary can not only practice writing, but also accumulate materials.
6. Learn to quote famous sayings and immortal poems to make your article more convincing.
7. Usage of good words and sentences. Good words and sentences used in the article can add color and sublimation to your article. But it should be just right, not too much, too much will appear flashy.
8. apply what you have learned, that is, the ability to change, and change with the same.
9, close to nature, go out for a walk more during the holidays, see more and learn more.
10, being close to nature can also make your collected materials more colorful.