——The spirit of the times, the spirit of the times is the spiritual outlook and excellent character reflected by the people of an era in civilization creation activities. It is a powerful spiritual power that inspires a nation to work hard and revitalize the motherland.
1. The rebellious spirit of "The Goddess"
The spirit of the times in "The Goddess" first manifests itself in the spirit of resistance that strongly demands to break through feudal barriers and completely destroy and sweep away the old world. The lyrical protagonist of "The Goddess" is a rebel who boldly resists the feudal system and feudal ideas, a fighter who pursues individual liberation and respects himself. The language of "I" that seems to be in a state of ecstasy in "Tengu" is an excellent expression of the emotion of violently destroying old things. This sentiment is consistent with the general trend of ideological emancipation during the May Fourth Movement. Therefore, the "I" in the poem is the representative of the spirit of the times.
2. The patriotism spirit of "The Goddess"
"Coal in the Furnace" uses coal as a metaphor for itself, expressing its willingness to contribute all the light and heat to the motherland; "Flowers of Tangdi", "Phoenix Nirvana", " Works such as "Rebirth of the Goddess" all show a strong spirit of patriotism in the form of self-sacrifice. The May Fourth Movement itself was an anti-imperialist and patriotic political movement. The patriotic passion of the Chinese people inspired by this movement was reflected in "The Goddess" through the form of poetry.
3． The enterprising spirit of "The Goddess"
This is the uncontrollable joy generated by feeling the breath of the new revolutionary century, and it is also a manifestation of confidence in the future. Therefore, the most representative works in "Goddess" are all praises of light and power, with bright colors, high-pitched voices and majestic momentum. "Hymn to the Sun" expresses the poet's passion for the newborn sun; "Standing on the Edge of the Earth and Calling the Numbers" sings about the mighty force that pushes the earth down; the excitement of "Good Morning" is even more obvious, with twenty-seven "Morning" shouted out in one go. "An" connects the self with the world, showing the grand spirit of a new generation of young people; works such as "Bi Li Shan Top Outlook" also show the enterprising spirit of pursuing the new and discarding the old.
Summary: The spirit of the times reflects the basic trend of development and changes in human society in an era and has become the common wish, will and spiritual pursuit of most countries and people in the world. In today's era, peace and development are not only the theme of the times, but also the spirit of the times in which most countries and people in the world have gained common consciousness.
"The Mosquito and the Lion" lesson plan
Basic accumulation goal: further understand the relevance of the fable.
The design goal of oral communication training: to figure out the characters and convert them into verbal expressions.
The core problem goal that needs to be broken through in reading: How to understand that a mosquito can defeat a powerful lion, but die at the hands of an insignificant spider?
Reference goal for writing training: use Vivid language and action descriptions depict the characters.
Teaching hours: one class hour
Teaching process
1. Introduction
2. Immersion in text, overall perception
< p> Please read the text loosely and think about: What kind of story does this fable tell?Ask students to summarize the content of the story.
3. Experience the text, taste the sentences, and understand the text
1. Ask students to read the text again and circle their favorite sentences
2. Ask students Stand up and say which sentence you like. After reading it emotionally for everyone, explain why you like this sentence.
Key points to appreciate: the language and action descriptions of mosquitoes.
*Analyze the issues involved in the process of savoring the text that require in-depth discussion and understanding:
1. Why can a small mosquito defeat a powerful lion?
2. Mosquito blew his trumpet before the challenge and after winning. How did he feel about these two times?
3. Compared with lions, spiders are not worth mentioning, but why are mosquitoes? But lost his life?
4. What does this story tell us?
3. The whole class read the text emotionally
4. Appropriately Interspersed oral communication design
"When the mosquito was about to be eaten, he sighed and said that he had competed with the most powerful animals, but he was eliminated by this little spider." If you are that one "Little spider", what do you want to say to this mosquito that "has a boat in the gutter"?
5. Extend the understanding of the meaning
1. There are things in our lives Are there people like mosquitoes? Have you ever behaved like mosquitoes in your life?
2. Can you tell another fable that has a certain warning effect on our study and life?
6. Questioning the textbook
The story tells the story of a mosquito and a lion. The mosquito was eaten by the spider, and the story ended. Why did the text add a second paragraph that was "irrelevant" to the plot of the story? Content?
A brief introduction to the structural characteristics of fables: the first paragraph of most fables tells a story, and the second paragraph explains the truth contained in it.
The front is a narrative, and the back is an argument. There is a saying that goes like this: "A fable can be divided into two parts: body and soul: the story told is like the body, and the lessons given to people are like the soul." But not all fables have this structure.
7. Teaching suggestions: You can lead students to rehearse textbook plays, guide students to understand the psychology of mosquitoes through performances, and analyze the reasons why mosquitoes are eliminated by spiders, so as to clarify the meaning.
8. Homework: Must do: Write a paragraph with a focus, using the three words "contest", "triumph" and "sigh".
Selection: 1. Suppose that at the moment when the mosquito was about to die, a gust of wind broke the spider web, and the mosquito luckily escaped. After this, what thoughts and experiences will the mosquito have? Please continue to write this fable.
2. Write a short story that "uses action and language description to express the character's psychology".
2. Electronic Text
The mosquito flew in front of the lion and said to him: "I am not afraid of you, you are not stronger than me. Otherwise, what power do you have? ? Scratching with claws or biting with teeth? Women will do this when fighting with men. I am much stronger than you. If you are willing, let’s compete!” The mosquito blew its horn and rushed towards the lion’s face. Bite the hairless area around the nose. The lion was so angry that he scratched his own face with his claws. The mosquito defeated the lion, blew the trumpet and sang a song of victory and flew away, but was stuck in the spider's web. When the mosquito was about to be eaten, he sighed and said that he had fought against the most powerful animals, only to be destroyed by this little spider.
This story is suitable for those who have defeated big people, but were defeated by small people.
3. Lesson preparation provided
Introduction to "Aesop's Fables"
"Aesop's Fables" is a collection of fables. According to legend, Aesop was an ancient Greek in the 6th century BC who was good at telling animal stories. The existing "Aesop's Fables" are stories handed down from ancient Greece and ancient Rome. They were collected by later generations and put under Aesop's name. "Aesop's Fables" uses short fables to reflect the truths in daily life that we are not aware of. These short stories are concise, concise and approachable. Not only does it have many readers, it also has a significant impact on literary history. Writers, poets, philosophers, and ordinary people have all received inspiration and fun from it. Many stories can really be said to be household names: the tortoise and the hare, the shepherd boy making a play, the wolf is coming, the fox can't eat the grapes and says the grapes are sour. Thousands of years later, Aesop's fables have become a model for Western fable literature. It is also one of the most widely circulated classic works in the world.
Most of Aesop’s fables are animal stories, using animals as metaphors to teach people how to behave and be a human being. Aesop's fables are short and concise in form, with appropriate metaphors and vivid images, and have a great influence on future generations.
"Aesop's Fables" *** collects three to four hundred short stories. Unlike lyric poems, which mainly reflect the thoughts and feelings of aristocratic slave owners, these short stories are mainly about the bullied lower-class civilians and slaves. A summary of struggle experiences and life lessons. Fables express the social relations at that time by describing the relationship between animals, mainly the unequal relationship between the oppressor and the oppressed. The author of the fable condemned the oppression of people in society at that time and called on the bullied people to unite and fight against the evildoers. For example, the story "The Farmer and the Snake" advises people not to be kind to their enemies; "The Dog, the Rooster and the Fox" tells people to be good at using wisdom to defeat the enemy; in "The Lion and the Deer", "The Bird Catcher and the Crested Sparrow", " In stories such as "Two Pots", the author reveals that when political power is in the hands of greedy and cruel rulers, it is impossible for poor people to live in peace.
World-famous fables
Fables have both storylines and metaphorical properties. They often use objects to describe people, the past to represent the present, this to represent another, and the far to represent the near. It entrusts difficult-to-understand truths in stories with concrete popular images, which is especially suitable for teenagers and children.
The ancient Greek "Aesop's Fables", the humorous "La Fontaine's Fables", the profound "Lesing's Fables", and the concise "Krylov's Fables" are all masterpieces of fables. This book is one of the series of "Illustrated Books of Masterpieces of World Children's Literature". It selects the outstanding works of four world-class fable masters, Aesop, La Fontaine, Lessing and Krylov, with vivid illustrations. , allowing children to understand the profound meaning of each short story with the help of fascinating and wonderful illustrations. Taking all things in nature as the protagonist, it presents various aspects of life and is full of fables of life wisdom, which makes people have endless aftertaste. I hope every little fable can help young readers understand a profound truth...
This book selects four famous figures from the world: Aesop, La Fontaine, Lessing and Krylov. There are 260 excellent works by the great master of fables. Some of these fables have been circulated for hundreds of years, but they are still very familiar to us when we read them today. From these short essays and poems, we can appreciate the simplicity, wisdom and astuteness of Aesop's fables, the playfulness, fun and vividness of La Fontaine's fables, the profundity, excitement and sense of the times of Lessing's fables, and the Krylov's fables. Through the richness, conciseness and wonderful sarcasm, you can understand the era in which the masters lived, taste the unique artistic style of the masters, and understand the profound principles of life.
Notes on language teaching
"Fable" is a short story that entrusts profound truth. Its main purpose is to illustrate the truth through short fictitious stories to illustrate, so it is short. Its most basic characteristics are lessons and satire.
Feel the image and master the language. Because the meaning of language is contained in vivid and vivid images, this requires that the teaching of fables must grasp the key sentences of vivid images, find key words, understand the images described by these languages, and let students feel and imagine These pictures, for example: When I teach the fable "Spear and Shield", I first instruct students to read and recite it. The ancients said: "Read the book a hundred times, and its meaning will become apparent." Read it aloud repeatedly to understand the meaning of the sentence as a whole and the full text. For example: "firm" and "lean" in "my shield is strong" and "my spear is sharp" are interpreted as "strong" and "sharp" respectively. Let students understand its meaning easily. Fables are not simple metaphors, but are expressed through a short and complete story using metaphors, exaggeration, personification and other rhetorical figures. Therefore, students should be guided to imagine according to the development sequence of the storyline, so that students can form a complete and clear impression of the fables. .
IV. In-class exercise design and answers
The mosquito flew in front of the lion and said to him: "I am not afraid of you, you are not better than me. To say otherwise, What strength do you have? Do you scratch with your claws or bite with your teeth? Women will do this when fighting with men. I am much stronger than you. If you are willing, let's compete!" The mosquito rushed over while blowing a trumpet. , biting the hairless area around the nose on the lion's face. The lion was so angry that he scratched his own face with his claws. The mosquito defeated the lion, blew the trumpet and sang a song of victory and flew away, but was stuck in the spider's web. When the mosquito was about to be eaten, he sighed and said that he had fought against the most powerful animals, only to be destroyed by this little spider.
This story applies to _______________________________________.
1. Explain the following words and talk about their expressive functions.
A. Compete: ______________, this word shows the mentality of a mosquito ____________________________.
B. Kaige: _______________, this word shows the mosquito_______________ mentality.
2. The "this" in "to say otherwise" refers to ______________.
3. Summarize in your own words that the main reason why mosquitoes defeated lions is ______________.
4. The article uses two different words when describing the sound of mosquitoes, namely ________ and ________.
5. "You are not better than me" and "I am much better than you" are ________ sentences and ________ sentences respectively. Judging from the tone of the sentences, the ________ sentence is better than The sentence _________ is strong.
—Reading title: Appreciation of Tide Watching (1). This article describes a grand occasion of tide watching. It writes about the scenes before, during and after the tide that the author has heard and witnessed
< p> The tide of Qiantang River is a great scenic spot. The ancients called it "the most spectacular thing in the world". The spring tide of Qiantang River is closely related to its unique natural conditions. First, because the river mouth is trumpet-shaped, with a width of more than a hundred miles and a narrowness of only ten miles, the huge tide is restrained by the narrow river channel, which will naturally form a magnificent tidal wave. Secondly, there is a huge blocking sand sill at the mouth of the river. When the tide comes in and encounters such a huge resistance, it will of course rise to the sky; the front wave is restrained, and the back wave comes up again. If the waves catch up with the waves, and the waves pile up, the tide will roar and overwhelm the mountains. Coming like a roar. Most poets and poets in ancient my country used the Qiantang tide as the description object. For example, Liu Yong's famous poem "Looking at the Sea Tide" in the Song Dynasty wrote: "The southeast is beautiful, the three Wu cities, Qiantang has been prosperous since ancient times." "The clouds and trees surround the embankment and the sand, and the roaring waves roll in." Frost and snow, the sky is boundless." Zhou Mi's "Guan Tide" vividly describes this magnificent scene in the form of prose. The full text focuses on the "tide" and bases on the "viewing". It uses lens photography to describe the appearance of the tide, the shape of military exercises, the momentum of the tide, and the prosperity of the tide."The tide of Zhejiang is the great sight of the world." Point out the title and reveal the object of description. The writing and writing are also full of appreciation. "It was most prosperous from the beginning to the eighteenth day." The writing is condensed to show that it is written in a concentrated manner. Continuing the flow of writing, enter into direct description. The author's observations are subtle, but his writing is vivid, and he writes gradually from far to near. "Fang Qiyuan goes out to the sea gate, just like a silver thread." Where the water and the sky meet, like a silver thread, it touches the eyes. Using the "silver line" as a metaphor shows the author's far-sightedness. Only with a high footing and a far-sighted line of sight can he clearly see the scene when the tide rises. Using the "silver thread" as a metaphor, it also describes the situation before the tide, which is very realistic in life. If you don't go there and see it in person, you will definitely not be able to write it so realistically. "It's getting closer", because the tide is rolling in, the description suddenly jumps from a long shot to a close-up. "The Jade City Snow Ridge came from the sky, loud as thunder, shocking and surging, swallowing the sky and fertile sun, and it was extremely majestic.
"The momentum of the writing rises suddenly, like mountains rising steeply, and the writing and ink are splashed horizontally and freely. The author pours thousands of feet into the scroll, and the sound, color, shape, and momentum are all excellent. It has its own color: "Yucheng Snow Ridge" ", see its "white", the metaphor is novel, and it is linked to the word "silver" above, which is a metaphor for the city and the ridge, and also its shape; it has its sound: "the sound is like thunder", which is a metaphor for the image, showing its majesty and excitement. It is strong and breathtaking; it has its momentum: "Coming from the sky" and "Shocking and surging", it is like pressing down from the sky, flying and curling, spraying jade and splashing beads, it is very dynamic and a spectacle. "Sun", if you want to bathe the flaming red sun, if you want to swallow the vast sky, you can use all the exaggeration to do it, so how much power should you write! This is a perfect description of the power of the snow waves and the grandeur of the style. The author uses both eyes and ears. Everything is as close as the ear can see, and everything is included in the chapter; the author's pen is full of ink, whirling and swaying, using dynamic movements to write the dynamic, opening and closing, the writing style is like the rapid playing of a complicated pipe, and like the continuous firing of a powerful crossbow. It makes people feel prosperous and their will is strengthened. Then, the author concludes with Yang Chengzhai's (Yang Wanli) poem "The sea is full of silver, and the river is full of jade." The poem is not to boast, but to prove it. Others are to enhance the verisimilitude and authenticity of the author's writing.
- Analysis of the third grade Chinese language paper: She gave her all. When answering the questions, students should first find these two words. The sentence in which it is located, combined with daily accumulation and context, can quickly give the correct explanation using the "synonym substitution method"
She gave her all
A little girl. Went into the store and told the owner she wanted to see the sapphire necklace in the store. She said, “I want to buy it for my sister. Can you make the packaging more beautiful?
The shopkeeper looked at the little girl suspiciously and asked, "How much money do you have?" "
The little girl took out a handkerchief bag from her pocket, carefully untied all the knots, then spread it out on the counter, and said excitedly: "Are these OK? "What the little girl showed proudly was just a few coins.
She said: "You know, I want to give it to my sister as a gift. Since my mother passed away, she has been taking care of us and has no time for herself at all. Today is her birthday and I am sure she will like this necklace because the color of the necklace is just like her eyes. ”
The shopkeeper took out the necklace, put it in a small box, wrapped it in a beautiful red wrapping paper, and tied a green ribbon on it.
He said to the little girl: "Take it, be careful. "
The little girl was full of joy and jumped home.
In the evening, a beautiful girl came to the store. She had blond hair and a pair of blue pants. Eyes. She put the opened gift box on the counter and asked, "Did you buy this necklace here? "
"Yes, ma'am. "
"How much? ”
“The price of our products is a secret between the seller and the customer.
The girl said: "But my sister only has a few coins, but this gem necklace is genuine." She couldn't afford it. ”
Junior high school students’ winter vacation review guide: Chinese language is mainly based on accumulation and reading
Junior high school students’ winter vacation review guide: Chinese language is mainly based on accumulation and reading
Summary of the beginning Overall, the learning situation of the third grade students in the first semester shows that the vast majority of students do not have major problems with basic knowledge, but from a general perspective, the students do not have a good grasp of details, such as correcting incorrect sentences. The questions are not difficult, but many students lose points due to inaccurate examination of questions. This is due to the failure to grasp the details.
In terms of literary knowledge: students understand the name, era, location and evaluation of the writer. No, it is easy to misremember and confuse. This part needs to be mastered flexibly and no mistakes should be made.
In terms of ancient poetry: many students can recite it completely, but there will still be typos, some of which are common. Typos are often emphasized by teachers, but mistakes still occur.
Classical Chinese: A more prominent problem is the disconnect between in-class and extra-curricular classical Chinese. Students must learn to transfer the knowledge points in class. Use it and learn to draw inferences.
Modern reading section: Many students have inaccurate judgments about the types of questions. For example, they do not understand the "meaning and function of sentences" clearly, which leads to confusion when answering questions. There is no evidence, and the biggest requirement for reading modern literature is that it must be well-founded.
In terms of composition, the content is simple and the structure is loose. It can be seen from the composition that many students are very "lazy". They are not used to or disdain to bring the accumulation of daily life into their compositions. It is recommended that these students must pay attention to the daily life materials and pay attention to the organization of language, and do not make the entire paper lack standardization and clarity due to inappropriate language organization. Rigorousness, this is a major taboo in composition.
In addition, many students habitually adopt "regional" pronunciation of some common words and ignore the pronunciation of Mandarin. This group of students. Pay attention to the practice of Mandarin.
—Extracurricular reading question: Grandpa, the following are selected parts of the article about Grandpa.
Due to malnutrition, several of our children are very thin. When I was one year old, I worked as an apprentice in a small shop. That was the first time in my life that I tasted an apple. Although it was small, green and immature, with holes all over it, I never felt it again. To that "sweet" taste when I first ate an apple.
That day, my grandfather encountered a railway accident when he was out. At that time, many people lay on the ground groaning without caring about anything, waiting for doctors and rescuers. Grandpa broke off a branch to make a crutch and limped for three hours before returning home.
It is difficult for me to describe grandma’s complicated face and mood when grandpa first stepped into the house. First he was worried and distressed, and then suddenly he was furious and asked a child to bring a railway doctor who was following the patient into the home. The doctor carefully examined the grandfather and then said to him: "Congratulations, old man, your health is good." "At this time, my mother came, and she firmly said that grandpa at least had a concussion. Grandpa's expression was noncommittal.
After the doctor left, grandma and mother began to teach grandpa how to deal with doctors and relevant investigators at the bedside. Grandpa just nodded mechanically.
After the news of the railway accident reached the village, almost the entire village was waiting for the investigators to handle the final aftermath. When someone finally came to the railway again, Grandpa seemed to have forgotten his family's warnings. He greeted the visitors with a smile and lost no time in talking about the weather and harvest. When the visitor finally asked where he was injured, his mother quickly pointed to his head to give him a hint. Unexpectedly, grandpa said calmly: "Everything is fine with me." After saying that, an angelic smile appeared on his face, and he said: "If I am sick, even if I have 100,000 yuan, I can't cure it." Mom. Stunned, grandma ran out of the house screaming in disappointment, and the visitor also let out an inexplicable burst of laughter and sighs.
When everything returned to calm, they gave Grandpa 5,000 yuan - and he became the richest man in the village. But my grandfather never understood why people gave him so much money until he died.
1. Summarize the causes and consequences of the event.
Cause: Result:
2. What kind of family situation is described in the first paragraph? What effect does this have on character development?
3. What is grandpa’s most outstanding quality?
4． The article writes about the performance of my grandmother and mother. Their intention in doing so is:
Summary: After reading this article, please complete the above exercises.
- Extracurricular reading question "The Way of Nature", the main point of this section is to describe the turtle's realization of a way of nature.
①One evening, on the southernmost island of the Galapagos Islands, seven travelers and I were guided by a local young man and walked along the white sandy beach. At the time, we were looking for nests where Pacific green sea turtles were hatching their eggs.
②Baby sea turtles can grow up to 330 pounds after hatching. Most of them are born in April and May, and then crawl desperately to the sea.
③At dusk, if the young turtles are ready to escape, a baby turtle will come out of the sand first and act as a trap. A little reconnaissance to see if it would be safe if its brothers and sisters followed.
④I happened to come across a large, bowl-shaped nest. A small turtle was sticking its gray head about half an inch out of the sand. As my friends gathered around, we heard a rustling in the bushes behind us and saw a mockingbird fly over. < /p>
⑥The mockingbird stepped closer to the opening of the nest and began to peck the little turtle's head with its beak, trying to drag it to the beach.
⑦The companions were all so nervous that their breathing became heavier. "Why are you so indifferent?" one person shouted.
⑧The guide pressed his lips with his hand and said, "This is the way of nature."
⑨ "I can't sit here and watch this happen." A kindly Los Angeles resident protested.
⑩"Why didn't you listen to him?" I defended the guide, "We shouldn't interfere with them."
(11)"Since you don't do it, then It's up to me!" Another person planned to help the little turtle.
(12) Our quarrel scared the mockingbird away. The guide reluctantly pulled the little turtle out of the hole and helped it crawl toward the sea.
(13) However, what happened next shocked each of us. Not only was the rescued baby turtle rushing towards the safety of the sea, countless hatchlings rushed out of their nests and waded towards the high tide because they received a false safety signal. Run.
(14)What we did was simply stupid. Not only were the hatchlings swarming out of their caves due to the wrong signal, but their mad dash was premature. There is still light at dusk, so they cannot hide from impatient predators in the sky.
(15)In an instant, the sky was filled with surprised frigatebirds, sea geese and seagulls. A pair of vultures landed on the beach with wide eyes. More and more mockingbirds are eagerly chasing their "dinner" as they wade and crawl along the beach.
(16) "Oh, God!" I heard a person behind me shout, "What have we done!"
(17) (To the little one) The slaughter of sea turtles is going on intensely). In order to make up for the consequences of going against his original intention, the young guide grabbed a softball hat, put the little turtle in the hat, walked into the sea with great effort, released the little turtle, and then waved his hands desperately
< p>'s hat drives away the flocks of seabirds.(18) (After the massacre), the air was filled with the celebrations of (the executioners) after their meal. The two bald eagles stood quietly on the beach, hoping to catch another outdated baby turtle for food. All that can be seen at this time is the empty white sand beach washed by the tide.
(19) Everyone walked slowly along the beach with their heads down. This group of overly humane people now became silent. This silence may contain a kind of contemplation.