Read repeatedly to guide students to deeply understand the connotation of ancient poetry.
Reading ancient poems is an excellent educational tradition in China, and reading more and remembering more is an effective way for China people to learn Chinese for thousands of years. "A good poem is never tired of reading, and you know it carefully." "I am familiar with 300 Tang poems, and I can sing even if I can't write poems." These famous sayings fully illustrate the importance of reading ancient poems. Reading aloud is the main method for primary school students to learn ancient poetry, and it is also an effective way to understand the content of ancient poetry and the author's thoughts and feelings. Reading aloud has two meanings, reading aloud and reciting. "Chinese Curriculum Standard" puts forward in the teaching suggestion that "let students read some poems to accumulate, experience and cultivate their sense of language". Moreover, the specific requirements of "reciting excellent poems" are put forward in the course objectives. The first class 1, the second and third grades recite 50 excellent poems respectively, and the third class recites 60 excellent poems of the fifth and sixth grades. Because primary school students have a strong memory, the ancient poems suitable for primary school students are short, pithy, catchy and fluent, so it is not difficult for students to recite in a short time and complete the prescribed tasks.
Because of its long history, ancient poetry has brought great language barriers to students' understanding. Teachers should change their teaching concepts, change classroom teaching from teachers' crosstalk to students' reading, and let students recite poems under the guidance of teachers, and gradually form their language understanding ability. Only by guiding students to read more can teachers overcome obstacles. The most basic thing to read ancient poetry is to read the correct pronunciation and understand the meaning of each sentence. Teachers should help students clear up the obstacles in pronunciation, especially the pronunciation different from modern Chinese. For example, the words "see" and "the sky is grey, the wild is vast, the wind blows the grass and the cattle and sheep are low" in the song of Chile are read "xi? N "instead of" Ji? Read "j?" From "the world of mortals rides a princess and laughs, no one knows it's litchi". Do not read "Q? . In particular, it is very important for teachers to demonstrate reading, so that students can initially appreciate the beauty of language and artistic conception of ancient poems in catchy and beautiful reading, so that students can have a sense of pleasure and beauty in hearing and immerse themselves in the artistic enjoyment of beauty. Only in this way can we arouse students' strong interest in learning ancient poetry.
Create scenes, stimulate imagination and feel the artistic conception of ancient poetry
Ancient poetry is full of poetry, poetry can not be separated from painting, painting can give poetry. Poetry and painting can be connected because they both have the beauty of color, structure, rhythm and artistic conception. A poem itself is a picture. Drawing pictures according to the content of poems to help students understand poems is one of the commonly used means in the teaching of ancient poems. For example, in Zhang Ji's "a night-mooring near maple bridge", the poem says that in the autumn night, a passenger ship is anchored on the Maple Bridge outside Suzhou. The moon has fallen, and the crow's crow adds a bit of quiet atmosphere to the middle of the night. There are flaming maple trees on the river bank and fishing fires on the river. Faced with this situation, poets who are far away from home think that autumn is coming, the night is already deep, the birds have returned to their nests, and they are still wandering in a foreign land, so they can't help falling asleep with autumn worries. In just two sentences, this poem describes what the poet saw, heard and felt, and draws a picture of a lonely autumn night. When learning this poem, we should guide students to do it themselves and turn this poem into a beautiful landscape painting. After students begin to draw, we should guide them to understand the meaning of the poem, make the poem three-dimensional and vivid in front of students, fully mobilize students' existing knowledge and life experience, and dynamically imagine some voices in life that are not written in the poem, which greatly enriches the picture, makes students feel the vivid, static and dynamic picture beauty in the poem, and helps them better understand the poem.
Using multimedia to improve teaching effect
Interest is the forerunner of knowledge. In the teaching of ancient poetry and prose in primary schools, teachers must be able to stimulate students' interest and let students consciously integrate into the specific poetic atmosphere. Modern psychology shows that "novel and changeable things can enhance the stimulation intensity of cerebral cortex." A novel method is adopted, which can make students concentrate on improving their interest. "The most obvious feature of applying multimedia means is to stimulate students' interest in learning. Audio-visual education media integrates sound, color, painting and music. Colorful pictures and vivid and sensible sounds are conducive to creating a specific artistic conception. Students are in it, and their scenery, things and people seem within reach, which arouses a strong desire to explore.
For example, when teaching the poem "Out of the Mountain", first tell the students that they will take you on a pleasant autumn outing in the wild today and feel the beauty of the red leaves all over the mountain, and the students will suddenly be full of interest. While playing images, we also use language to describe what the poet described, what characteristics the poet grasped, and what order he put these scenes on a picture, and then arouse students' association through intensive reading. Reading Hanshan Stone Trail is far away, and there are people in Bai Yunsheng leads to a harmonious and beautiful autumn color map of the mountain forest composed of Hanshan Stone Trail, white clouds, people and maple leaves, so that students can understand the twists and turns of the stone trail and the preciseness of the mountain. Reading "Stay in the Maple Grove Late, Frost Leaves are Red in February Flowers" presents a colorful maple leaf map in front of students, which enables students to further feel the beauty of red leaves all over the mountain, feel the warmth brought by the late autumn season, and feel that "the spring is still unfinished".