Keywords: Chinese; Metaphor system; Limited form; Tension of expression.
Metaphor, as a form of artistic discourse, exists universally in the poems of all nationalities in the world, especially in the early poems of all nationalities. But like China's classical poems, they are frequently used and pursued, with Bi Xing as the axis, covering radiation symbols, fables, puns, hints, analogies, metonymy, sustenance, allusions and lyricism. * * * together constitute a unique poetic discourse system in China-metaphor system. Why did ancient writers in China especially like to create such a metaphor system? Some people think that this is determined by the universal law of artistic expression, that is, to seek a perceptual and intuitive expression of abstract emotions; Some people think that this is the result of China's traditional way of thinking that emphasizes intuitive images and intuitive epiphany; Since Aristotle, rhetoricians have agreed that this is to enhance the expressive effect of language; Some modern formalists believe that metaphor is a generative mechanism of language. [1] I agree with these views, but I think they can only be regarded as the external factors of the highly developed metaphorical system in China's classical poetry and the reasons for the existence of metaphorical discourse in the poems of various ethnic groups, and there is a lack of investigation on the main features of China's classical poetry and analysis of more internal factors that spontaneously breed metaphorical systems.
When western linguistics emphasized the importance of language in the twentieth century, it revealed a very important thought, that is, the causal relationship between language and culture. On the one hand, language is the result of culture. On the other hand, because the boundary of language is the boundary of people's understanding of the world, language is the condition for the formation of culture and the basis and "prototype" of human cultural structure and social structure. It is precisely because of the significance of language in human life that Chinese, as a distinctive language, is the premise and ultimate carrier of the existence and development of Chinese culture. Therefore, from the perspective of Chinese, we can certainly understand how Chinese, as a tool, has influenced the development of China literature and determined its characteristics. Here we analyze and discuss how ancient Chinese, as the mother tongue medium of China's classical poetry, influenced the highly developed metaphor system in classical poetry. In this regard, my basic point of view is that the characteristics of early Chinese and the unique form of China's classical poetry have seriously restricted people.