There is a tomb of Du Fu in Odamura, southeast of Pingjiang County 16 km. According to statistics, there are 8 Du Fu tombs in China. In 1984 Na
There is a tomb of Du Fu in Odamura, southeast of Pingjiang County 16 km. According to statistics, there are 8 Du Fu tombs in China. In 1984 National Cultural Heritage Administration's Dictionary of Places of Interest in China, Du Fu's Tomb in Pingjiang is recognized as the only true tomb in China.
The great poet Du Fu was buried in Pingjiang, a remote place? When people sigh, they often can't help wondering: Du Fu is not from Hunan, Pingjiang is remote and mountainous, and the traffic is inconvenient. How is that possible? Can't be wrong?
▲ The exhibition room of Du Fu's tomb in Pingjiang is introduced as follows: In 768 AD, Du Fu took a boat trip to Dongting Lake with his wife and children and drifted to Huxiang, Jutanzhou (Changsha). In April, 770, the soldiers and horses of Hunan made Zang Jun transfer troops into chaos. Du Fu left Changsha in the middle of the night in a big fire and went to Chenzhou to take refuge in his uncle Cui Wei. When the ship arrives in Tianyi Fang, Leiyang, if there is a flood, we can't go forward, and we can't eat for half a day. Fortunately, Nie Ling from Leiyang sent beef and white wine. Du Fu turned to Changsha to rent Jiangge songs, and went to Dongting in late autumn to return to his hometown. Because of his serious illness and exhausted expenses, he had to turn to Miluo River and go to Changjiang County (now Pingjiang, the county magistrate is Du Fu's good friend) for medical treatment. Unfortunately, he died in the flat of Zhongxian County (Changjiang County Governance) and was buried in Oda. His sons Zongwu and Sun stayed to guard the tomb, and Du's route was passed down from generation to generation.
Du Fu lived in Huxiang for more than two years and wrote about 65,438+000 poems. A careful study of these poems can roughly outline Du Fu's life track during his stay in Hunan, which is very important for exploring Du Fu's life destination.
The introduction of the exhibition room of Du Fu's Tomb in Pingjiang, from the first sentence to the sentence "I want to go back to my hometown in Dongting in late autumn", is not controversial. However, from the sentence "I want to transfer Miluo River to Changjiang County for medical treatment", there has been considerable controversy in all walks of life. The important reason is that we can't read any clues about Changjiang County or any relatives and friends in Changjiang County from Du Fu's poems.
Dilemma? throw the helve after the hatchet
Looking back at the Millennium Tang Dynasty? The previous winter, Du Fu's family was hungry and cold, in anxious to return. However, it's a long way to go in Xiu Yuan, and Du Fu suffers from wind and frost. Ahead is Yuezhou, and behind is Tanzhou (Changsha). Friends and relatives who should have sought help and refuge in the two places have visited them one by one. They can only bump on Dongting Lake and find themselves in a dilemma.
"Is there a place nearby where you can shelter from the wind and rain, where you can eat food, where people can recuperate and spend the cold winter?" I'm afraid this is a problem that Du Fu is anxious to consider. After hesitation, Du Fu decided to return to Changjiang County at the exit of Miluo River near Quzi Temple.
Changjiang county is today's Pingjiang county. In the 14th year of Tang Tianbao (755), Shang Xuxu, a former minister of the Ministry of Industry, fled from Xiushui, Jiangxi to the Yangtze River and returned to Taiwan Temple in seclusion (now Xujiafang, Sandun Township, Pingjiang County). At the same time, assistant minister Liu Guangqian lived in Changqing Temple, Bai Qi lived in Baishui Temple, Huiguo Temple, Lu lived in Bajiao Temple, and Li Anfu lived in Jiufeng Temple, which was called "Six Phases Hidden in Pingjiang" in history.
During the Tianbao period of the Tang Dynasty, so many ministers fled the war and lived in seclusion in the Yangtze River. Ten years later, Du Fu was desperate and went back to the Miluo River to try his luck. It is not surprising. Perhaps Du Fu, Xu and others, as officials, had contact with North Korea and heard about "seclusion in the six phases of the Yangtze River".
Descendants of Du settled and multiplied.
A leaf boat goes all the way upstream. It is estimated that Du Fu was dying when he approached Pingping, Zhizhong County, Changjiang County. Du Zongwu, who was poor 17 years old, arrived in Changjiang County and was a stranger. He had to hold his father's calligraphy on a ship suffering from wind disease, bid farewell to his mother, disembark and go to the county government for help.
Du Zongwu must have met a benefactor in Changjiang County. If not, Du Fu's descendants could not have thrived in Pingjiang. Du Zongwu couldn't find Tianjing Lake in Odamura to temporarily place Du Fu's body; Du Zongwu's mother and son, orphans and widows, can't survive without food and clothing; Du Zongwu and Du could not abide by the funeral system in the Tang Dynasty, and they mourned for their father for 27 months and did not travel far for three years. Du Zongwu is even less likely to get married and have children in the Yangtze River.
In the following forty-three years, Du Zongwu died of illness. Du Zongwu, the grandson of Du Fu and the son of Du Zongwu, tried his best to bury Du Fu's coffin in his hometown to fulfill his ancestors' wishes. However, the situation is chaotic, and the fact that grandpa Du Fu, grandma and father have lost at least three leaves to their roots requires huge funds. After asking for help everywhere, Du could only painfully give up the idea of "joining Yanshi". So Du Wei's grandfather, grandmother and father rebuilt a brick tomb with one room and two ears, so that the old people could really "bury themselves in peace".
Multi-party authentication of ancient books
Du Fu was buried in Pingjiang, Hunan. The earliest record can be found in the Preface to the Tomb of Du Jun, Yuan Wailang, the inspector of the old school in Tang Dynasty, which was commissioned by Du Yuan, and wrote: "(Du Fu) went to Jingchu by boat and was buried in Yueyang." Another Tongzhi "Pingjiang County Records" said: "I just returned from Shu and died at the turn of the century. Zong Wu (the son of Du Fu) helped him travel to Yueyang for more than forty years. Ping (Jiang) is the Yue County, and there is a tomb of Oda in the south, which is buried under the right. " He died in Pingping, and his descendants have no family. "
In addition, there are four poems: Lu Dafang's Chronicle, Du's Genealogy in the Next Three Years (1623), The Postscript of Du's Participation in Politics in the Twenty-first Year of Ming Jiajing, A Visit to the Tomb of the Yangtze River by Chen Hongliang, a Juren from Changsha during the Jiaqing Period of Qing Dynasty.
In the early winter of the ninth year of Guangxu (1883), Du Fu's tomb was overhauled. Zhang, Li and others made great efforts to rebuild the temple in the tenth year of Guangxu (1884), including the dining hall, the gatehouse, the official hall, the temple and the Huanhuacao Hall. In the 11th year (1885), Tieping Poetry Club was newly built on the back slope of Guanting as a meeting place for poets. After the repair of Du Fu's tomb was completed, Zhang, Li and forty-five squire scribes signed a letter to pay homage to Du Fu's tomb.
Time flies, and in a blink of an eye, on September 22nd, 2005, the completion ceremony of repairing Du Fu's tomb in Pingjiang and the international symposium on "Du Fu's Poetry and the Spirit of the Times" were held grandly, and Du Fu's tomb in Pingjiang was officially opened to the public. At the opening ceremony, more than 100 Du Fu's grandchildren from Pingjiang and other places held a traditional ancestor worship ceremony.
Since then, Du Fu's ancestral temple in Pingjiang, which has undergone thousands of years of wind and rain changes, has been reappeared in front of the world, and future generations are welcome to worship and remember.