First, the teaching objectives
1. Master new words and accumulate knowledge of classical Chinese. Read the full text and sort out the structure of the article.
2. By analyzing the words in the article, we can understand the general idea of the article and understand the importance of "quietness".
3. Experience the author's profound teaching to his son and the philosophy contained in the article.
Second, the difficulties in teaching
Focus: Accumulate the key words and classical Chinese knowledge in the article and understand the content of the article.
Difficulties: Combine the author's life, understand the main idea of the article and think about its practical significance.
Third, teaching methods.
Annotation reading method; Talking method; Group cooperative inquiry method; Multimedia-assisted teaching method.
Fourth, the teaching process
(A) the creation of situations, the introduction of new courses
"The name of the Prime Minister is simple and clear, but who is still on the desk?" "The name of the teacher is real. After a thousand years, who is equal?" "A thief in the Han Dynasty, who knows the great righteousness and devotes himself to heaven." Zhuge Liang is not only an elite loyal soul written by Lu You and Wen Tianxiang, but also the embodiment of wisdom in the eyes of future generations. All his life, he was determined to "revive the Han Dynasty and return to his old capital" and devoted himself to it until he died. He even educates his children in an indifferent and quiet way. Today, let's walk into his book of commandments and listen to his inculcation for children and future generations. Title of blackboard writing
(B) the preliminary reading of the text, the overall perception
1. Listen to the supermodel reading aloud, and pay attention to the rhythm pause and pronunciation.
Husband/gentleman's trip, quiet/self-cultivation, frugality/virtue. Not cold/sober, not quiet/not far away. Husband/learning must be quiet, talent/learning is also, not learning/not being broad-minded, unwilling/unsuccessful. Slow sex/inability/hardness, dangerous mania/inability/cure. Year/and time, meaning/and the sky, then/into a withered, more/not to meet the world, sad to stay/pity Lu, will/recover!
2. Students can read the text freely, circle the new words, and combine the notes and reference books under the book to clarify the meaning.
3. What was Zhuge Liang's intention in writing the Ten Commandments?
Clarity: Tell my son to cultivate self-cultivation and cultivate his own character, revealing Zhuge Liang's ardent expectations for his son. Writing on the blackboard: exhortation, self-cultivation and self-study
(C) in-depth study, focusing on sentiment
1. What is the central point of this article?
Qing: "Quiet to cultivate one's morality, frugality to cultivate one's morality."
2. What is the relationship between "not indifferent, not calm, not far away" and the previous sentence?
Clarity: Explain the value and function of silence. Words on the blackboard: static
3. In what ways did Zhuge Liang educate his son?
Clear: positive and negative aspects. Positive theory: the relationship between learning, talent and ambition. Learning must be calm and single-minded, and talent comes from learning. If you don't study, you won't be talented, you won't be determined and you won't learn anything. Therefore, ambition is the premise and motivation of learning, learning is the foundation and necessary condition of success, and learning should be based on quietness. Negation theory: from two negative aspects of "lewdness" and "recklessness" on the blackboard: knowledge, talent and ambition, this paper discusses the importance of "quietness" and "frugality"
4. What emotion did Zhuge Liang express by adding lyricism to the discussion of the last sentence?
Qingming: teaching his son to cherish time expresses Zhuge Liang's earnest heart for his son's teaching. Writing on the blackboard: cherish time
5. Looking back at the whole article, what aspects did the Ten Commandments discuss? What does Zhuge Liang put first in these aspects? Why?
Clear: cultivate one's morality, study, cherish time, be quiet, study, be talented and ambitious. Quietly put it in the first place, learning, talent and ambition are all necessary conditions for success, but before success, you must be an adult, so you must cultivate your own morality first. Only if you have high moral quality can you become a scholar, otherwise even if you have high talent, you may not be a person worthy of respect.
(4) Expansion and extension
Multimedia display of Zhuge Liang's background information and video clips. Please collect folk stories, idioms and proverbs about Zhuge Liang after class.
(5) Summarize the homework
Ask students to think about and summarize the practical significance of the sentence "cultivate one's morality by quietness, cultivate one's morality by frugality" and its influence and reference. Homework: Collect folk stories, idioms and proverbs about Zhuge Liang.
Five, the blackboard design
Sixth, teaching reflection.
This article is a letter from home, telling the truth of self-cultivation and scholarship, and the teaching contains deep hope. The article is argumentative, so this lesson focuses on the importance of "quietness" and the relationship between "learning", "talent" and "ambition" Finally, the three-dimensional teaching goal is realized, so that students can understand the truth of "being indifferent to clear aspirations, being quiet and far-reaching" and demand themselves in their study and life.