On the characteristics of poetry 1. What are the characteristics of poetry?
A, the type of poetry:
1, according to the classification of melody, can be divided into two categories: ancient poetry and modern poetry.
2. According to the content classification, it can be divided into narrative poems, lyric poems, farewell poems, frontier poems, pastoral poems, nostalgic poems (poems about history), mourning poems and allegorical poems.
Second, the characteristics of poetry:
1, the content of poetry is the most concentrated reflection of social life.
2. Poetry is rich in emotion and imagination.
3. The poetic language is characterized by conciseness, image, harmonious tone and distinct rhythm.
4. In form, poetry is not based on sentences, but on behavior, and its branches are mainly based on rhythm rather than meaning.
3. Poetry is a literary genre with a certain rhythm and rhythm, which vividly expresses the author's rich emotions and reflects social life with highly concise language.
2. The characteristics of ancient poetry
China's ancient poems, commonly known as old poems, refer to poems written in classical Chinese and traditional meter.
Its basic features are: 1, and the most basic feature of China's ancient poetry is lyricism; 2. China's ancient poems mainly convey thoughts and feelings by creating images and artistic conception; 3. China's ancient poems are concise, implicit and meaningful; 4. China's ancient poems are full of musical beauty. 1. The most basic feature of China's ancient poetry is to express feelings in any literary form. Without exception, it is the product of the unity or integration of subject (the writer's subjective thoughts and feelings) and object (objective nature or social life). However, poetry is a literary form with the strongest subjectivity and the most distinctive characteristics.
Any work, including novels and plays with narrative style, cannot fail to express the author's feelings. It can be said that the production of art is inseparable from emotion and passion, but poetry is the most passionate and emotional style in various literary forms. Even narrative poems are lyrical.
In other words, the poet's grasp and expression of the objective world and social life is perceptual. Although the feelings of poets are often condensed and contained in artistic images, rather than directly expressed, it is difficult for us to capture poetic images without feelings.
Therefore, when we appreciate poetry, we should also grasp it emotionally. Secondly, China's ancient poems mainly convey thoughts and feelings by creating images and artistic conception, which is obviously different from narrative styles such as novels and dramas.
The image and artistic conception of poetry can be simply said as follows: image is the fusion of the poet's thoughts and feelings and objective images, and artistic conception is a poetic artistic realm formed by the creation and combination of various images. The image is partial and concrete, and the artistic conception is holistic and ethereal.
The blending of scene and scene is the same feature of image and artistic conception, which the poet strives to pursue when creating image and artistic conception. Both "thinking" and "feeling" refer to the poet's subjective thoughts and feelings, while "scenery" and "scenery" refer to the objective world and objective images. These two aspects are integrated in the poem, reaching a state of "harmony" and "infinite harmony".
The creation of images and artistic conception is inseparable from objective objects and scenes, but these objects and scenes are not exactly the same as what we see in our daily life. They are formed by the screening, refining and infiltration of the poet's subjective thoughts and feelings, and are sublimated by poetry. But the characteristics of artistic conception are not limited to the blending of scenes. It breaks through and transcends concreteness, from finite to infinite, from concreteness to ethereal. It inspires readers to create imagination and association, enter the infinite rich and broad artistic space created by the poet, and think and understand the thoughts and feelings about social history and even universal life in the poet's poems.
Image can be captured from the poet's concrete description, while artistic conception must be obtained from pen and ink. The imagery and artistic conception of poetry not only penetrate into the poet's unique emotions and thoughts and feelings, but also often reflect the poet's different temperament and personality.
Different from the deep, delicate and implicit characteristics of images and artistic conception in Wang Wei's poems, the images and artistic conception in Li Bai's poems are open, grand and unrestrained, which is inseparable from his unrestrained personality and artistic imagination. Different images not only show the poet's different life feelings, but also reflect different personalities and temperament.
Thirdly, China's ancient poems are refined and implicit in China's ancient poems. There are only twenty words in five-character quatrains, twenty-eight words in seven-character quatrains, and twenty or thirty words in poetry. Classical poetry and arrangement are relatively long, but there are few hundreds of sentences. The refined language form and profound meaning of China's classical poetry are extremely rare in the history of world poetry.
Here, the juxtaposition of exquisiteness and implication is regarded as a feature, because these two aspects are inseparable. Only when the richest meaning is expressed in the least language can it be called refinement, but it is not refined if it is said less.
So exquisiteness is always related to implication. However, conciseness does not mean implicitness. There are also some straightforward poems that directly express their feelings. They are not implicit in expression, but they are rich in meaning and should be considered concise.
Fourthly, China's ancient poems are full of musical beauty. The musical beauty of China's ancient poems has two meanings. First, some of China's classical poems were originally sung with music, such as Yuefu poems in Han Dynasty, Yuefu poems in Wei, Jin and Tang Dynasties, and lyrics and Sanqu poems after Tang and Song Dynasties were also sung with music.
The original name of Ci is Qu Zici, also called Yuefu. For example, Su Shi's ci collection Dongpo Yuefu. These poems originally had their own music scores, but most of them have not been handed down.
Nevertheless, their musical beauty can still be reflected in sentence patterns, tones and rhymes. The second meaning is that the language of classical poetry pays attention to the beauty of music.
In particular, modern poetry (metrical poems and quatrains) and lyrics pay attention to the regularity or irregularity of sentence patterns, rhythm and duality, flatness and rhyme, and in short, create a musical aesthetic feeling of rhythm and rhythm from all aspects. Generally speaking, the sound and emotion of a poem (the emotion conveyed by music) and emotion (the emotion conveyed by the meaning of words) are always harmonious.
Therefore, the ancients paid great attention to poetry, that is, to understand the content of poetry and the poet's thoughts and feelings from the perspective of music. Today, we appreciate classical poetry, and it is necessary to know the laws of classical poetry.
Extended data:
The return of poetry to people's daily life has a specific era and social background, as well as historical and cultural reasons. Poetry has a special position in China culture.
China is a "poetic country" in history. Confucius said that "if you don't learn poetry, you can't speak" (meaning: if you don't learn the Book of Songs, you can't speak in social communication). In ancient China, "poetry" was used for enlightenment. Therefore, "poetry teaching" is the basic means of education, and poetry has thus become one of the foundations of China culture.
Some people even claim that there is a Bible in the West and a Book of Songs in China. In China, poetry has always been about the soul.
Scholar Hu Xiaoming once said: "China's poetry is the most spiritual creation of China culture." Qian Mu believes that in China's traditional culture, poetry has a function similar to religion, which can not only convey a person's thoughts.
3. What are the basic characteristics of poetry?
It has the following four characteristics: (1) The content of poetry is the most concentrated reflection of social life. (2) Poetry is full of emotion and imagination. (3) The poetic language is characterized by conciseness, image, harmonious tone and distinct rhythm. (4) In form, poetry is not based on sentences, but on behavior, and its branches are mainly based on rhythm, not meaning.
Poetry is full of the author's thoughts, feelings and rich imagination. The language is concise and vivid, with distinct rhythm, harmonious phonology and rich musical beauty. Sentences are generally in rows, paying attention to the beauty of structure and form.
He Qifang, a modern poet and literary critic in China, once said: "Poetry is the literary style that most strongly reflects social life. It is full of rich imagination and feelings, and it is often expressed in a direct lyrical way. Moreover, in the degree of exquisiteness and harmony, especially in the distinct rhythm, its language and prose are different. "
This definition summarizes several basic characteristics of poetry: first, it reflects life in a highly concentrated and general way; The second is lyrical expression, full of rich thoughts and feelings; Third, rich imagination, association and fantasy; Fourth, language has musical beauty.
Extended data:
A literary genre that expresses the author's rich emotions in highly concise language, reflects social life and has a certain rhythm and rhythm.
Poetry is a lyrical literary genre. "Shi Mao-Preface" records: "Poets have aspirations. Have ambition in your heart and speak like a poem. " Yan Yu's Poems on Canglang in the Southern Song Dynasty said that "poets chant temperament". There is only one art expressed in words: poetry.
Poetry is a lyrical literary genre. Mao's Preface to Poetry says: "Poets have their own aspirations. Have ambition in your heart and speak like a poem. " Yan Yu's Poems on Canglang in the Southern Song Dynasty said that "poets chant temperament". There is only one art expressed in words: poetry.
In ancient China, unhappy people were called poems and happy people were called songs. In modern times, they are generally called poems. It expresses social life and people's spiritual world according to certain syllables and rhythms.
The origin of poetry can be traced back to ancient times. There are related documents in Yu Shun period. The Book of Songs is China's first collection of poems, which is said to have been compiled by Confucius. There is still debate on this issue in academic circles.
China's ancient poetry experienced the development of Yuefu, Tang Poetry, Song Poetry and Yuan Qu in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. "History of rites and music": "If you have an indissoluble bond with your relatives, you will come from poetry and Zhong Shi will sing the strings." Yue's Diary of Han Ji Hui is a poem.
Han Yu's Preface to Poems in Yunzhou Xitang in the Tang Dynasty: "Although the works of the four ponds are said to have words but no poems, they connect the people of the country with Tao and do not attract public morality." Wang Ming Chang's Zhen Ze Chang Yu Official System: "The Hanlin in Tang and Song Dynasties is a very deep and strict place with many poets."
Lu Xun's Letter to Dou: "Although there are two kinds of poems, the latter is better." "Suixian Literature and History Materials Yuan's Land Garden": "Yuan's land garden is in Mingfengmen ... On good days, scholars and celebrities from the state gather here. The poem recited later became a picture album called "Penglai Jisheng". "
References:
Baidu encyclopedia of poetry
4. Features of poetic language
The language of poetry
1. Simple, simple and natural
Direct statement with exact words, or sketch without modification, true, profound and approachable. Language strives for plainness, does not pursue rhetoric, shows simple characteristics, but contains profound meanings.
2 implicit and meaningful, implicit and euphemistic
Don't say the meaning directly, but hide it in the image, so that readers can imagine and think.
3 fresh and bright, subtle and elegant.
Use beautiful language to create beautiful artistic conception and express happy mood. Its artistic realm is like the green willow color after heavy rain and the glittering and translucent water drops trembling on the lotus leaf.
4. Vivid image
The language of poetry is often touching because of its vivid images.
5. Gorgeous and elegant
Colorful and unpredictable, this is gorgeous and elegant beauty.
6 elegant and exquisite
It embodies the characteristics of "qu, thin and soft", that is, the winding path is secluded, the emotional appeal is lingering, and the lyric is as fine as spinning silk.
7 humor and satire
This refers to humorous, witty or spicy style and interest in poetry.
8. powerful
Strong backbone, magnificent mountains and rivers, engulfed by the universe, open-minded, magnificent spirit, magnificent momentum, heroic spirit, resolute and vigorous. Some are open-minded and full of lofty sentiments. Boldness is the era style of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, which embodies the prosperous scene and vitality of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
9. Be bold and unconstrained
Bold and unrestrained is called bold and unrestrained. Its characteristics not only show the characteristics of the poet as the subject, but also show the characteristics of the depicted object as the object. As far as the subject matter is concerned, its performance is: emotional agitation, high style; Imagination is strange and exaggerated; Ambitious and broad-minded; Swallow the tug-of-war mountain in the universe; Arrogant and rough, wild and unrestrained. As far as the object is concerned, it is often huge in size and strength, showing its unique grandeur and sublimity, or showing an endless boundless scene, so it is magnificent, magnificent and boundless. Su Shi and Xin Qiji are outstanding representatives of the uninhibited school of Song Ci. Su Shi's ci pays attention to integrating impassioned, tragic and desolate feelings into his ci, and is good at winning with heroic images, flying momentum and vast and magnificent scenes when writing people and chanting things.
10. Depressed
When the poet is thoughtful and full of anger, he becomes depressed. Depression refers to the profundity, richness, anxiety and suggestibility of emotions. Sadness is the main content of Du Fu's gloomy poems. His sorrow is not only personal, but also national, national and people's. Therefore, this kind of sadness has rich emotional levels, which makes his melancholy gain deep emotion and lofty value.
1 1.
Touching the scene, hurting people when seeing things, tragic and generous, this is called sadness. The poet laments the ever-changing diseases, the speed of time passing, witnessing the depth of people's disasters, bearing the ups and downs of fate, suppressing the anger of unpaid ambitions, and lamenting the people who are concerned about the country and the people in the song are all called sadness. It can be seen that compassion is the voice of the times and the cry of poets. Facing the turbulent reality, the poet has sympathy out of a serious sense of responsibility.
12. junshuang
Handsome means handsome, handsome and fluent. The representative poet is Du Mu. His poems run through the past and the present, looking forward to the future, talking about history, beating up the shortcomings of the times, summing up lessons, worrying about the country and the people, holding the ambition of supporting the sky, and feeling that there is no way to serve; On the other hand, it is vigorous and bold, chic and romantic, elegant and refreshing.
13. Dilution
Dilute, harmonious and indifferent, with the characteristics of leisure, silence, indifference and far-reaching. Wang Wei's landscape poems are characterized by leisure, tranquility, lightness and remoteness. He is a master of dilution.
14. Broad
Broad-minded, that is, bold, popular and open-minded, chic and elegant, noble and unique, and the representative writer is Su Shi.
5. What are the characteristics of ancient poetry (summary)
1) lyrical.
Poetry is the expression of true nature, and poetry rejects all hypocrisy and affectation. China's earliest cultural classic "Shangshu" has the saying that "poetry expresses ambition".
The preface to the Book of Songs, Mao Zhuan, also thinks that poets have ambition. Ambition in my heart, poetic speech ... Emotion moves in the middle, but it is in the words. If you don't have enough, you sigh If you don't have enough words, you can sing. If you don't have enough words, you don't know how to dance.
(2) sense of rhythm. This is a feature of oriental poetry.
In Confucius' time, there was a saying that "300 poems were recited, 300 poems were recited and 300 poems were danced", which shows that the ancients regarded poetry, music and dance as a trinity and inseparable. In fact, the development of poetry in later generations is generally this way.
When the ancients wrote poems, they sometimes recited them and sometimes sang along with the songs. Without rhythm, it is impossible. And how is the rhythm formed? It's just a question of sentence patterns and pronunciation. Sentence patterns are also commonly known as "a few poems". Regular sentence patterns lay the foundation for harmonious rhythm, and even irregular "miscellaneous words" have certain rules in the arrangement of sentence patterns.
Pronunciation is mainly a matter of flat tone and rhyme: the ancients divided the pronunciation of Chinese characters into flat tone and flat tone, and the combination of flat tone and flat tone can give people a pleasant feeling, just like music today, but the noise is the opposite. Different combinations of flat tones in a poem form different styles, so we can still feel high or low, euphemistic or. On the basis of levelness, ancient poetry is more embellished with rhyme. The closer you get, the stricter the requirements for rhyme. An identical or similar vowel appears in a regular position, which greatly enhances the sense of rhythm for poetry. Today, we may not pay much attention to poetry, sentence patterns and leveling, because it is very complicated, but rhyme is often difficult to pursue. The rhyming style has a magical feeling to read. You can find some ancient poems at will and read them aloud, and you will appreciate the beauty in them.
(3) Implicit and meaningful. China's ancient poems pay attention to exploring the infinite from the finite, that is, pursuing images, meanings and implications other than images. Excellent works are often "what is said here means something else" and "what is said is endless". Wang Guowei, a well-known scholar, once said in "Words on Earth": "Therefore, there is no language, and words sound.
So what are this "image outside the image" and "voice beyond the string"? Let's talk about its causes first. The so-called "there are words here, but there are intentions there" means that the meaning contained in poetry is different from the superficial meaning of words.
Meaning is the poet's goal, and speech is just a medium or means. There is often a bridge between this and that, and between speech and meaning.
6. What are the characteristics of poetry?
Ancient poetry is expressed in the form of singing, so poetry is poetry.
Characteristics of poetry
1. Branch arrangement
Line arrangement is the most basic external formal feature that distinguishes poetry from other styles.
Full of true feelings
Without love, you can't talk about poetry, and you can't be a poet without expressing your true feelings.
3. Novel ideas
Poetry emphasizes the importance of meaning. In fact, the meaning is not only important, but also novel. It should write the new idea of "everyone has it in his heart, but everyone has nothing in his pen", and it should have unique and novel discoveries and feelings.
4. Associative nature
Associative nature is to inspire from what is in front of us, to associate with other things, to be naturally connected with each other, without the feeling of being far-fetched.
Free jump
Poetry should contain extremely complex ideological content in a very short chapter, and sometimes the time and space span is very large, which requires natural transition and free jump.
brief and to the point
Conciseness refers to language, concentration and theme, that is, it can reflect life with highly concise, accurate and vivid language, concise and profound, and contain rich ideological content in a limited poem.
7. Harmonious rhythm
Rhythm, as a musical term, refers to the phenomenon of long and short strength appearing alternately in sound movement regularly. The rhythm embodied in poetry refers to the syllable pause between words in poetry, or the cadence and urgency of feelings. The former is external rhythm, while the latter is internal rhythm. Only when the exterior and the interior are in harmony can they be catchy and full of musical sense.
8. Vivid image
Image, the original meaning refers to the physical representation of people or things, which has the nature of seeing, hearing, touching and feeling. The ancients discussed form and image separately, thinking that form refers to form and is an objective entity; An image is an image, a reflection of subjective and objective, and an intuitive image of an object through vision. Now people combine "shape" and "image" into a compound word. As an artistic concept, it refers to a concrete, sensible, vivid picture with certain ideological content and aesthetic significance created by the author according to various phenomena in real life, including people, environment and scenery.
9. Beautiful artistic conception
Meaning refers to the context of meaning, that is, the context of thoughts and feelings; Context refers to the image of context, that is, the object of meaning and pulsation. The combination of artistic conception refers to a realm produced by the combination of the author's thoughts and feelings with external things. Poets combine their subjective feelings with objective scenery and describe them by artistic means, forming an artistic realm with both form and spirit, which includes moral, moral, scenery outside the scene and image outside the image, so that readers can perceive infinity from the finite and obtain a charming aesthetic feeling.
10. Reality and surplus coexist
Only when there is truth and falsehood, and the combination of truth and falsehood, can readers be brought to an artistic realm that is neither divorced from reality, but also beyond reality.
7. What are the characteristics of poetry?
The essential feature of poetry is lyrical beauty. Regardless of novels, essays and plays, the most beautiful places all flash the aura of poetry. Therefore, poetry is literature in literature. Poetry is everywhere in the field of art.
Poetic beauty is the highest embodiment of the universal factors of artistic beauty. The beauty of poetry also appears from time to time in the field of non-literature and art. In the exquisite fragments of scientific works, even in people's living and working conditions, it exudes wisdom and brilliance.
Poetry is a literary genre, which expresses social life and people's spiritual world with concise language, rich emotions and rich phenomena according to the requirements of certain syllables, tones and rhythms. In ancient China, unhappy people were called poems and happy people were called songs.
Extended data
Poetry comes from life. Poetry is the flash of the sea of life. If we separate poetry from life, we can't understand the essence of poetry.
"The scope of poetry is all life and nature; The poet looks at all kinds of things, and his views are as varied as thinkers' concepts of all kinds of things. " (Chernyshevski) Where there is life, there is poetry to sing. The field of poetry is as vast as life.
Because poetry is not a narrative life, but a singing life, emotion is the main content of poetry, and lyrical beauty is the essence of poetry. Feelings should be dependent. Images make feelings concrete and influential. Therefore, image is also an integral part of poetry content.
Poetry is the most philosophical style and the most "reasonable" variety in the literary field. Feelings come from thoughts. Thought is also an indispensable part of poetry. The unity of emotion, form and reason constitutes the content of this poem.
Baidu encyclopedia-poetry
8. The characteristics of ancient poetry
Metric poems, including metrical poems and quatrains, are called modern poems or modern poems. The ancients called them that, and so do we now. Although they are actually very old, they originated from Qi Liang in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and matured in the early Tang Dynasty. Poems before the Tang Dynasty, except the so-called "Qi Liang Style", are all called ancient styles. Poetry that does not conform to the modern style after the Tang Dynasty is also called ancient style.
There are differences between ancient style and modern style in syntax, rhyme and level tone;
Syntax: The number of words in each sentence in ancient style is uncertain, including four words, five words, six words, seven words and even miscellaneous words (uneven sentences), and the number of sentences in each song is also uncertain, ranging from two to dozens and hundreds. There are only five words and seven sentences in modern poetry, eight in metrical poetry, four in quatrains and more than eight in quatrains, which is also called long-style poetry.
Rhyme: each song in ancient style can use one rhyme, or two or more rhymes, and it is allowed to change rhymes; Each song can only use one rhyme, and even the arrangement of dozens of sentences cannot be changed. Antique can rhyme in even sentences, or even sentences can rhyme in odd sentences. The near aspect rhymes only in even sentences, except for the first sentence, which rhymes with a flat voice and does not rhyme. Five words don't gamble more, seven words gamble more), and the rest of the odd sentences don't rhyme; Antique can rhyme smoothly; Generally, only flat rhyme is used in the near body.
Smoothness: The biggest difference between ancient and modern styles is that ancient styles don't talk about flatness, while modern styles pay attention to flatness. After the Tang dynasty, the ancient style also pays attention to flatness, but it is irregular and can be ignored.
Classical poetry is basically metrical, so the following is only about modern poetry.
It has a very detailed explanation.
I hope it helps you.
thank you
9. What are the three characteristics of classical poetry?
The characteristics of ancient poetry are concise and rich in meaning. They are characterized by simplicity and jumping. They express as many meanings as possible in extremely limited poems. Their greatest feature can be summed up in one word: beauty in meaning, beauty in language, beauty in sound and beauty in form.
1. Artistic conception beauty refers to the beauty of artistic realm formed by the fusion of the life picture depicted in the poem and the author's thoughts and feelings. As people often say, "there is a picture in poetry, and there is love in painting." The author chooses the most distinctive concrete things, or the most meaningful scenes, or the most typical feelings to express his feelings, so as to inspire readers to expand their rich imagination, understand artistic conception and emotions, and get edified from them.
2. The beauty of language refers to the concise language and vivid images of ancient poems, and often uses exaggeration, metaphor, symbols and other means to reproduce the beauty of nature, society and art, such as "flying down the thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days." "But you only need to climb a flight of stairs, you can broaden your horizons by 300 miles." "Wildfire never completely devoured them, and they grew taller in the spring breeze." These poems are beautiful to read.
3. Musical beauty refers to the rhyme and rhythm of ancient poetry. Ancient poems have harmonious phonology and distinct rhythm, which are catchy and pleasant to read and produce musical beauty.
4. Formal beauty refers to the formal beauty and image beauty of ancient poetry. For example, Du Fu's quatrains: "Two orioles sing green willows, and a row of egrets rise to the sky. The window contains autumn snow in Xiling, and the Wu Dong Wan Li boat stops at the door. " This ancient poem is neat in antithesis and embodies the beauty of images.