Full text translation of "Shang Li Yong":
The Dapeng rose from the wind in one day and soared to a height of ninety thousand miles.
If it stops when the wind breaks, its power is as strong as driving the water of the sea dry.
People in the world see that I am fond of making strange remarks, and they all sneer after hearing my big words.
Sage Kong also said that young people are to be feared, and a man should not look down on young people!
Appreciation of "Shang Li Yong":
The Dapeng is an image that Li Bai often uses to describe himself in his poems and poems. It is not only a symbol of freedom, but also a symbol of shocking ideals and aspirations. . In the 13th year of Kaiyuan (725), young Li Bai went out to wander in Shu and met the famous Taoist Sima Chengzhen in Jiangling. Sima said that Li Bai "has an immortal spirit and a Taoist spirit that can travel with the gods to the eight extremes." Li Bai immediately wrote "Dapeng". "A Poem and Preface to the Poem of a Bird on the Road" (later changed to "Ode to a Dapeng"), compared to the Dapeng bird in Zhuangzi's "Xiaoyaoyou". There is also a "Song on the Road" in Li Bai's poems: "The great Peng flies here to stir up the eight descendants, but the mid-heaven destroys it but it is unable to do anything. The remaining wind is stirring for all ages, and the fusang is hanging on the stone sleeves. Later generations will pass it on, and Zhongni died. Who is crying?" According to the "Preface to the Epitaph of Li Jun, a Scholar of the Imperial Academy" written by Li Hua of the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai "died after composing the "Song of Death"". Later generations believe that it may be this "Song of the Road", and that "road" may be a mistake in writing "end". It can be seen that Li Bai used the meaning of Dapeng to describe himself throughout his life. The tone of this poem is straightforward and disdainful, so some predecessors suspected that it was not Li Bai's author, while others believed it to be Li Bai's work. See the explanation of this poem's title in "Collection and Commentary of the Complete Works of Li Bai" edited by Zhan Yong.
The whole poem begins with a high-pitched tone, and the first four sentences are all compared to "Dapeng". The image of "Dapeng" often appears in Li Bai's works. Dapeng is the divine bird in "Zhuangzi·Xiaoyaoyou". It is said that this divine bird is so big that "it is unknown how many thousands of miles it is" and "its wings are like clouds hanging from the sky". When its wings flap, the water is three thousand miles away, soaring upward. It can be as high as ninety thousand miles. Dapeng is a symbol of freedom in Zhuangzi's philosophical system, and Li Bai was deeply influenced by it. Therefore, Li Bai's works always have the most romantic fantasy, and are always full of disdain for the powerful and the pursuit of freedom.
“The Dapeng rises with the wind in one day and soars up to 90,000 miles. If the wind stops and comes down, it can still blow away the vast water.” Li Bai compared himself with the Dapeng and described the legendary god The majestic scene of the bird Dapeng taking off and falling also shows the poet Li Bai's ambition to soar into the blue clouds with great pride at this time. Li Bai wrote in the third and fourth lines of the poem: "If the wind stops and comes down, it can still blow away the water." Even if the strong wind stops and the roc falls, it will still cause waves in the rivers and lakes. If Li Bai compares himself to Dapeng, then Li Yong is naturally the strong wind that Dapeng rides on. Li Bai here shows that even without Li Yong's help in the future, he can still have an extraordinary influence in the political arena. This extraordinary courage has to be summed up with the word "crazy".
The last four lines of the poem are a reply to Li Yong's negligent attitude: "Worldly people" refers to ordinary people at that time, which obviously also includes Li Yong, because this poem is directly addressed to Li Yong, so the measure The words are more tactful, and on the surface they just criticize "the world." "Special tone" refers to extraordinary speech. Li Bai's grand ambitions are often not understood by the world and are ridiculed as "big words". Li Bai obviously did not expect that a celebrity like Li Yong could have the same knowledge as an ordinary person, so he retorted with the story of a saint who had knowledge and was reborn.
"Xuan's father can still be afraid of future generations, but his husband cannot be young." These two sentences mean that Master Confucius still thinks that future generations are fearful. Are you, Li Yong, smarter than a saint? A manly man must never look down on young people! The last two sentences are both teasing and sarcastic about Li Yong, and they are also a reply to Li Yong's scornful attitude. His attitude is quite unruly, showing the spirit of a young man.
In fact, Li Yong himself was a chivalrous, heroic and talented person in history, and he took great care of his younger generations. For such a famous person, Li Bai dared to name him and directly denounce him, which shows the courage and courage of young Li Bai. "Don't give in to yourself and don't interfere with others", being proud of the powerful and equal to the princes, this is the true character of Li Taibai.
Original text of "Shang Li Yong":
"Shang Li Yong"
Li Bai? [Tang Dynasty]
One Day in Dapeng The same wind rises, soaring ninety thousand miles.
If the wind stops and comes down, it can still blow away the water.
Everyone in the world sneered when they saw my extraordinary tune and heard my eloquent words. (Wen Yi Zuo: Seeing)
Xuan's father is still afraid of future generations, and his husband must not be young.
Word and sentence annotations:
Up: Present. Li Yong: a calligrapher and writer of the Tang Dynasty, courtesy name Taihe, and a native of Jiangdu, Guangling (now Jiangdu District, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province).
Tuán: ride the wind. Shake, a big whirlwind from bottom to top.
Fake order: if, even.
To stir up: to stir up. Cangming: the sea.
Heng: Often. Special tone: special tone, words and deeds that are different from popular customs.
Wen: One is "seeing". Yu: Me. Big words: Talking pretentiously.
Xuanfu: That is Confucius. In the eleventh year of Zhenguan (637), Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty issued an edict to honor Confucius as Xuanfu. In the Song Dynasty, "Xuan Fu" was written as "Xuan Gong".
Husband: a common name for men in ancient times, this refers to Li Yong.
People of the time: refers to ordinary people at that time.
About the author:
Li Bai (701-762), also known as Taibai, also known as Qinglian Jushi. He is the most unique romantic poet after Qu Yuan.
He is known as the "Immortal of Poetry" and is also known as "Li Du" together with Du Fu. His poems are mainly lyrical, showing his arrogant spirit of contempt for the powerful, expressing sympathy for the suffering of the people, and being good at describing natural scenery and expressing his love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland. The poetic style is majestic and unrestrained, the imagination is rich, the language flows naturally, and the rhythm is harmonious and changeable. It is good at absorbing nutrients and materials from folk literature and art, myths and legends, forming its unique magnificent colors, and reaching the pinnacle of poetry art in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. There are more than a thousand poems and articles in existence, including thirty volumes of "Li Taibai Collection".
Creative background:
This poem is the work of Li Bai in his youth. Li Yong served as the governor of Yuzhou (today's Chongqing City) around the seventh year (719) to the ninth year (721) of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. When Li Bai traveled to Yuzhou to visit Li Yong, he displeased Li Yong because he did not adhere to customary etiquette and spoke eloquently, talking about kings and hegemons. Historically, Li Yong was said to be "quite conceited" ("Old Book of Tang Dynasty: Biography of Li Yong"). He was proud of his good reputation and had a reserved attitude towards young and underachieving people. Li Bai was dissatisfied with this, and wrote this rather rude poem "Shang Li Yong" when he was leaving, in return. Anqi's "Li Bai Chronicle" dates this poem to the 14th year of Kaiyuan (726).
Predecessors have doubted that Li Bai was not the author. For example, Xiao Shiyun from the Yuan Dynasty said: "This article does not seem to be written by Taibai." There are also those who believe that it is Li Bai's work. See "The Complete Works of Li Bai" edited by Zhan Yong. "Collected Commentary on Colloquial Annotations".
Express the theme:
"Shang Li Yong" is a work written by the great poet Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty when he was young. By depicting and praising the image of Dapeng, this poem expresses Li Bai's lofty ambitions and strong desire to serve the world. He is very dissatisfied with Li Yong's attitude of looking down on young people. It shows that Li Bai is courageous to pursue, confident, conceited, and not afraid of popular customs. the spirit of. The tone of the whole poem is straightforward and disdainful, full of the vigor of a fledgling who is not afraid of tigers.
Comments from famous experts:
Zhu Jian's "Li Shi Jie Dou": According to Li Yong being the ancestor of Li Bai, Yong had a literary name and was highly respected at that time. When he came to the capital, he was bound to meet him. . You will not dare to treat yourself as an enemy, and you should advance from behind. Nowadays, I am playing with poetic meaning, which is like speaking on a par with others, and the meaning of the words is shallow and boastful. It is not the courtesy of paying homage to a high official and meeting an elder, as one would expect from a Confucian scholar. Although Bai was unruly, he presented works to Cui Shiyu, Secretary Wei, Zhang Weiwei, Meng Haoran, etc., all of which were written with caution and no sarcasm, followed by Xu Anyi, Lu Zongbu, Wang Xiaqiu, Wei Canjun, and Judge He. Although there is a difference between superiority and inferiority, everyone is happy and harmonious, and there are no sarcastic words. How about Li Yong?
Chen Yifan's "Critical Biography of Du Fu" (Part 1): This poem may be viewed in this way, but it is not wrong to interpret it as Li Bai expressing his heartfelt feelings to Li Yong, lamenting that he is not valued by secular adults.