Li Shangyin (Tang)
I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, and each string has a youthful interval.
Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, was bewitched by butterflies, and cuckoo crowed in the imperial spring.
Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathed their jade to the sun.
A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I know it.
The first couplet of the poem is inspired by the sad and sad Jinse, and points out the theme of "thinking of China". For no reason, for no reason, for no reason Fifty strings. The Historical Records of Feng Chan contains 50 ancient strings, and although it is generally 25 strings later, it is still self-contained. The first and second sentences of the poem say: A beautifully painted harp has fifty strings, and I am almost fifty years old. Every string, every column, reminds me of the years when the truth came out.
Couplets and necklaces are the core of the whole poem. The story of Zhuang Zhou's dream butterfly in couplets can be seen in Zhuangzi's Theory of Everything: "The dream butterfly in Zhuang Zhou in the past is lifelike. .. suddenly feel, will suddenly feel. I don't know if Zhou Zhimeng is a butterfly. Is the butterfly's dream Zhouyi? " The poem "Meng Xiao" refers to the dream when the sky is about to break dawn. "Being infatuated with butterflies" means being confused about their relationship with butterflies. In the face of fierce competition and drastic changes in the Warring States period, Zhuang Zhou produced the idea of illusory and impermanent life, while Li Shangyin used this allusion because of the decline of national strength, political turmoil and fate like duckweed in the late Tang Dynasty. Using this allusion also contains his sadness about the disappearance of love and life. He seems to have a premonition that he is going to die, and he wants to pour out his deep pain and resentment. Wang Di's legend is described in The Tale of the Universe: "Du Yu, the king of Shu, whose name was Wang Di, died of Zen and became a branch." Zigui is a cuckoo. The beautiful and desolate cuckoo described by the poet has sublimated into the poet's sad heart. Deep sadness can only be attributed to the sad cry of cuckoo in late spring. How pathetic.
After the Neck Couplet, there is a couplet. The book of the New Tang Dynasty, Di Zhuan, reads: "(Di) quoted the Ming Classic to transfer Bianzhou to join the army and falsely accused officials. Yan Zhaozhi thanked him and said, "Zhong Ni said that you know benevolence and righteousness, and you are the pearl of the sea." Biography of the Three Kingdoms, Wu Zhi and Zhuge Ke: "However, there are few talents. Sun Quan said that his father Jin Yue said,' Lantian gives birth to jade, which is really glad you came.' "Pearl" and "jade" are both metaphors of poets, not only metaphors of talents, but also metaphors of virtues and ideals.
Through these two images, the poet expressed his sadness that he was endowed with outstanding talents and virtues, but he was not used by the world.
At the end of the poem, rhetorical progressive sentences are used to strengthen the tone and end the whole poem. "This feeling" summarizes the feelings expressed, while "successful memories" echo "China Thinking Year". Can you stay, indicating that this melancholy and sad "feeling" has long been lost, and it is difficult to get rid of it, and it is even more unbearable at this time.
This poem is full of artistic individuality, using allusions, metaphors and symbols. In the poem, butterflies and cuckoos are symbols, while pearls and jade are metaphors. They created a clear and beautiful artistic conception.
Precautions:
(1) I wonder why my jinse has fifty strings, each with a flowery interval, a youthful interval: "Zhou Li Musical Instrument Map": "Twenty-three strings of elegant instruments, twenty-five strings of elegant instruments, which are decorated with precious stones, are called precious instruments, and those who paint like brocade are called golden instruments." "Hanshu Jiaosi Shang Zhi": "Emperor Tai made Motome drum fifty strings, which made him sad. The emperor couldn't stop it and broke his instrument twenty-five strings." Gusser has different numbers of major and minor chords. Yishan's poem "Peony is defeated in the moderate rain" has "Jinse Jingxian broken dream"; There is a poem "Fifty strings of rain hit Xiangling" in the poem "Dream after listening to the rain with two scholars Wang Zheng on the night of July 28". For no reason: for no reason, for no reason. This faint sadness is the emotional tone of the whole poem. Most of the poets who interpreted Yishan in past dynasties took this poem as their later works. Shang Yin died before he was fifty years old, so he used "fifty strings" to describe his life, which triggered the following idea of "one string and one column".
(2) Zhuang Zhouxiao dreamed of butterflies: "Zhuangzi's Theory of Everything": "Zhuang Zhoumeng is a butterfly, lifelike; Self-metaphor and ambition! I don't know, Zhou Ye. If you suddenly feel it, you will suddenly feel it. I wonder if Zhou Zhimeng is a butterfly and? Butterfly's dream is Zhou Yu. " Shang Yin quoted the story of Zhuang Zhou's dream butterfly to illustrate that life is like a dream and the past is like smoke.
A beautiful woman's golden harp and a complicated string awakened the poet's dream and stopped sleeping. There is a beautiful situation in it, but it is an empty dream. There is also the melancholy and confusion of life like a dream.
(3) "Wang Chunxin Tijuan Huayang Kingdom Shu Zhi": "Du Yu proclaimed himself emperor,No.. ..... Its mutual understanding, decided that Lei Yushan in order to eliminate the flood, the emperor then instructed political affairs, and the law of Yao and Shun Zen taught benevolence and righteousness, so Zen was in enlightenment. The emperor rose to the western hills. In February this year, cuckoo birds sang, and Shu people mourned cuckoo birds. " Zi Juan is a cuckoo, also called Zi Gui. Cai Mengbi's On Du Gongbu Caotang Poetry 19 Du Fu's poems quoted Chengdu Ji: "When the emperor died, the soul turned into a bird, which is called Du Fu, which is also called Zigui." According to legend, Du Yinshui of Shu abdicated and lived in seclusion in the mountains. After his death, he became a cuckoo, wailing day and night until he cried and bled.
(4) Mermaids drop pearl-like tears into the moonlit sea: Natural History: "There is a Jiao Ren outside the South China Sea, and the water lives like a fish. If you don't waste your performance, you will be able to produce pearls. " "New Tang Book Di Zhuan": "Ren Jie cited the Ming Classics, transferred Bianzhou to join the army, falsely accused officials, made Yan news and made it different. He said: "Zhong Ni said that he knows benevolence, and you can be described as a drop in the ocean." "
5. Lantian breathes its own jade to the sun: Yuanhe County Records: Lantian County, Jingzhaofu, Guannei Road: Lantian Mountain, a Jade Mountain, 28 miles east of the county seat. "Selected Works" Lu Ji "Wen Fu": "Shi Yuyu is full of mountains and water is full of beads." "Sleeping in Moon Hee" Volume 18: Sikong expresses the holy cloud: "Dai Rongfu refers to the poet's scenery, such as the warmth of Lantian, which can only be expected, but it is imminent. This sentence of Li Yishan Yusheng Smoke is covered here. "
[6] And a moment that should last forever, unconsciously came and went: set the length of the whole article, clearly put forward the word "this feeling", echoing the beginning of "China Year". The poem reads: "If you are so affectionate, don't wait until today's memories to begin to feel endless regret, that is, it was already melancholy and melancholy at that time. So today's memory is regret, what should you do? " The poet used these two poems to express several layers of twists and turns, and several layers of twists and turns were just to illustrate that kind of melancholy and painful mood.
God uses 50 strings, and the world uses 25 strings. The melody of the 50-string golden harp is too rich, the range is too wide, too sad and too beautiful for ordinary people to appreciate. The Golden Harp with Fifty Strings is the author's self-metaphor: Gao Zhiyuan is only talented, but it is difficult for the world to use.
There is no reason to say that Jinse has fifty strings. )
But even so, every string and syllable of it is enough to express the yearning for that wonderful time. This sentence is a turning point. )
Zhuang Zhou actually knows that he is just a butterfly yearning for freedom. This sentence is an interpretation of the year of China. )
Wang Di's beautiful heart and behavior can move Du Fu. This sentence is also an explanation of the year of China. )
The shadow of the bright moon on the sea turned into tears like pearls. Metaphor refers to the poet's sorrow. Even on a bright night, I still think of tears. )
Only then can Lantian in another place produce something as beautiful as smoke. (alluding to the poet's dissatisfaction with the social situation at that time. )
Those beautiful things and years can only stay in memories. (also refers to a person's nostalgia for youth. )
At that time, those people thought those things were just ordinary, but they didn't know how to cherish them. It also refers to my attitude towards life when I was young, so I don't know how to cherish it. )
Jinse is one of Li Shangyin's most famous poems and the most difficult one to understand. The poet has always lamented "a person who is difficult to understand." Some people say that it is a love poem for a maid named "Jinse" in Linghu Chu's family; Some people say that it is a mourning poem for the late wife Wang; Others think that the four poems in the middle can meet the four feelings of appropriateness, resentment, clarity and harmony, and can be inferred as poems describing music; There are also many sayings, such as alluding to politics and writing autobiographical poems. For thousands of years, there have been many different opinions. Generally speaking, most people say "mourning" and "self-injury".
A poem with the word "first" as its title is actually equivalent to an untitled poem. As for the meaning of this poem, we might as well think that it is the poet's nostalgia for the years and his sadness about his life experience caused by listening to the piano.
The interpretation of this poem mainly falls into two categories:
First, I think it's a poem mourning his wife Wang, and the first couplet is "respect". I watched Motome play 50 stringed instruments and felt moved by the scene. Zhuan Xu is a metaphor for his wife's death, which is compared with the tears of Zhuang Zhou, become a butterfly and Du Fu. The neckline is "magic", pearls cry for it, and Baoyu is sad for it; The end of the couplet is "love", love is gone, and memory is disconsolate!
Second, it is thought that this is the poet's recollection of the lost years. The first couplet is "Qi", which means fifty years of life and fifty strings of musical instruments; Compared with "bearing", life will come to an end unconsciously; The neckline "turns", using pearls and jewels as a metaphor for talent; The end of the couplet is "He", years make people old and everything is melancholy!