Look at the rhyme first.
The meter of modern poetry is very strict, including fixed sentences (except arrangement, each poem has a fixed eight sentences), fixed words (each poem has a fixed number of words, all of which are five or seven words), fixed rhyme (the rhyming position is fixed, even sentences rhyme), fixed tone (the flat and even lines of each word in the poem are fixed) and fixed pair (rhythm). As far as rhyme is concerned, a lattice According to this feature, we can sometimes arrange the order of metrical poems.
Please look at the following sorting questions:
There is a cloud between the light in the sky and me. Now it has been abandoned in this desolate river. The path of the Wu Palace is overgrown with weeds. Four mountains and a half fall in the air. Gold clothes are ancient dust. In order not to let my melancholy heart see his city, the phoenix that once played here was named after this place. Egret Island is in the water.
a、②⑧①⑥③④⑧B、⑧②③⑤④⑧①⑥
c、⑧②④⑧⑤③①⑥D、①⑥③⑤⑧④⑧②
This is a poem by Li Bai who boarded the Phoenix Tower in Nanjing. From the given poems, we can find five kinds of rhymes: wandering, flowing, hilly, continental and sad. According to the rhyming law of metrical poems, poems that don't rhyme can't be used as even sentences, so sentences such as 134 can't be used as even sentences. According to this, all three sentences of ACD are wrong, and only sentence B is correct.
Second, look at the opposite side.
Generally, there are eight sentences, and every two sentences form a couplet, which is called first couplet, parallel couplet, neck couplet and tail couplet in turn. The first sentence of each couplet is called antithesis, and the next sentence is called antithesis. The sentences and antitheses of two couplets in the middle of a metrical poem should be antithetical, that is to say, if there are two couplets in a metrical poem, it must be couplets and necklaces. The first couplet may or may not be a couplet, and the last couplet generally does not need a couplet. The antithesis refers to two sentences with the same structure, such as "A few early warblers compete for warm trees, whose Chun Yan pecks at spring mud." Flowers are more and more attractive, and shallow grass can be without horseshoes. "These two couplets are neat and neat, and the syntactic structure of each couplet is exactly the same. Sometimes only literal relativity is required, that is, the parts of speech are the same, and syntactic structure is not required. For example, "a thin mouth has stones, but one's heart looks at Hai Boping", and "a thin stone" is just the literal opposite of "Hai Boping" with different syntactic structures. "Xi" is the attribute of "Shanyan" and "Hai Boping" is the subject-predicate structure, but we also think that these two sentences are dual and are generalized pairs in duality.
Sometimes, you can judge the antithesis just by looking at the uncertainty of rhyme.
Please look at the following sorting questions:
(1) From then on, the heroes cried on their coats, and the third time they called him to deal with state affairs. He gave his heart to two generations, where was the temple of the famous prime minister, and the birds sang happily under the leaves, but before he conquered, he died. In a deep pine forest near the Silk City, the green grass in spring stained the steps.
a、4、⑧、⑤②③⑥① B、4、⑧⑥①②③⑧⑤
c、↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓D、↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓①①
This is Du Fu's poem Shu Xiang. From the perspective of rhyme, even sentences are rhyming, so they can't be sorted correctly. If we analyze their antithesis, we can find that sentence 6 and sentence 6 are not antithesis, so these two couplets cannot be placed in the position of juxtaposition and neckline. It can be concluded that the answer can only be a.
Third, look at the content.
Sometimes it is impossible to determine the order of metrical poems only from the perspective of rhyme and antithesis, which should be analyzed in combination with the content of poems. The ancients paid attention to the transition from inheritance to integration, starting from the first couplet and describing the problem; Zhuan Xu undertakes and depicts the scenery; Change the topic of neckline and discuss; At the end of the couplet, the pen is closed and the lyrics are condensed. If these four levels are not properly arranged, poetry will not be coherent. This is very helpful for us to arrange the order of poetry.
Please look at the following sorting questions:
1. Lotus goes fishing boat 2. Late autumn stands 3. Moonlight in pine forest 4. My friend's prince, are you there? ⑥ The rain is over the empty mountain, and the bamboo whispers. The laundry girl goes home. In spring, she has gone to the crystal stone in the stream.
a、⑧③⑤①⑧④⑥②B、⑥②⑤①③⑧④
c、⑥②③⑧⑤①⑧④D、⑤①⑥②③⑧④⑦
This is Wang Wei's poem "Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains". According to the requirements of rhyming antithesis, it is easy to exclude items A and D, items B and C rhyme in even sentences, and couplets and necklaces are antithetical. Which one should we choose? This needs to be analyzed and judged in combination with poetry. The first sentence (5) (2) of the first couplet is the starting question, indicating the time and season. According to the law, couplets should use "inheritance" to describe the scenery, while the last sentence is to write the fresh and natural mountain scenery after the autumn rain, and then "turn". As can be seen from the first sentence, the necklace has changed from describing natural scenery to writing people's activities, and finally the author naturally expressed his feelings. From this analysis, we can conclude that the answer is item C.
Of course, when answering the question of ordering metrical poems, we should also consider the factor of parallelism, because parallelism is a very important metrical factor in modern poems. But the arrangement of modern poetry is too complicated for middle school students. Generally, when answering related sorting questions, the above three methods can solve the problem without looking at it from a parallel perspective. In addition, it is worth mentioning that when solving the sorting problem, we must not use a certain method for analysis independently, but should consider it comprehensively. Only in this way can we quickly and accurately arrange the order of metrical poems and answer related questions.