1 Li Bai married four times. There are relatively clear records of the first and last times. In 727, he married the granddaughter of Xu Yushi, the former prime minister. The second time was in 751, in Liangyuan. Zong Chuke's granddaughter got married. The second and third times, the words were extremely unclear, leaving a lot of room for imagination.
2 It’s similar to the above, maybe my best friend insists on adding herself...
3 The themes of Li Bai’s women’s poems are very wide, involving women from all walks of life at that time. From the emperor's favorite concubine and beloved sister to the Hu Ji who works as a slave, from the grief-stricken wife to the old peasant woman, from the brave woman who kills people in the daytime to the speechless and infatuated female prostitute, from From female Taoists to female immortals, from historical figures (Xi Shi, Wang Zhaojun) to their own wives, these women have different identities, including upper-class concubines, princesses, middle-class business wives, conscript wives, and lower-class working women. (Farmer girls, water chestnut pickers, washcloth girls, peasant women, etc.), prostitutes and other beauties from all walks of life and history, all of them have beautiful bodies and appearances.
The more typical ones include the following categories.
1. Imperial Concubine
Li Bai has a part of his poems describing Yang Guifei, using poems to express Yang Guifei’s beauty, love and emotions. For example, "Three Poems of Qingping Diao":
The clouds think of clothes, flowers think of face, and the spring breeze blows the threshold and the dew is thick.
If we hadn’t met at the top of the jade mountain, we would have met under the moonlight at Yaotai.
A branch of red dew is fragrant, and the clouds and rain in Wushan are in vain.
May I ask who in the Han Palace looks like him? Poor Fei Yan, who relies on her new makeup.
Famous flowers attract the attention of the whole country, and the kings often laugh at them.
Explanation: The spring breeze is infinitely hateful, and the Agarwood Pavilion leans against the railing in the north.
In the first poem, Wood Peony and Yang Guifei are written interchangeably. The flower is the person, the person is the flower, and the human face and the flower are blended together. The poem "The clouds think of the clothes and the flowers think of the face" makes Concubine Yang's clothes look like colorful feathers, surrounding her plump jade face. "The spring breeze blows on the threshold and the dew flowers are thick." The beautiful peonies look even more gorgeous in the crystal dew, and at the same time, they make the appearance of the flowers more energetic. At the same time, the poet did not show any trace, comparing Yang Guifei to a goddess descending to earth, which is really subtle. The second song exalts Concubine Yang by putting down the goddess and Feiyan. The third song returns to reality from the ancients in fairyland. Yang Guifei is the "beauty of Qingguo", and uses "two lovers" to combine peony and "Qingguo", and "look at it with a smile" to unify Peony and Yang Guifei. , Xuanzong's trinity is naturally integrated. "Agarwood Pavilion is surrounded by langan in the north." The flowers are outside the lantern and people are leaning against the langan. It is so elegant and interesting. These three poems have rich language and flowing words, integrating flowers and people. When reading this book, one feels like the spring breeze fills the paper, the eyes are filled with flowers, the face is blurred, the beauty is jade-colored, and the beauty of Concubine Yang emerges vividly on the page.
2. Ladies in Court
Mainly describes the spiritual survival dilemma of a large number of isolated women in the emperor's harem. Li Bai composed many such poems. Such as "The Song of Resentment", "The Resentment of Changmen", "Changxin Palace", "Zhongshan Ruzi Concubine Song" and so on. Among them, the two songs "The Revenge of Nagato" are the most popular.
One of the words in "The Revenge of Nagato":
The Beidou hangs in the west tower, and there is no one in the golden house. Fireflies are flowing.
The moonlight is about to reach the Nagato Palace, so don’t worry about being in the palace for a while.
In one of the paintings, there are no characters in the scene, but the emotions in the scene emerge on the paper, and people outside the painting are ready to express them. The first two sentences of the poem point out that the time is midnight, the season is cool autumn, and the location is an empty and lonely cold palace. This gives people an extremely desolate feeling. The last two sentences, "The moonlight is about to reach Nagato-dian, don't worry about being in the palace for a while" cleverly use the moonlight to induce melancholy. This is because the palace people will feel sad when they see the moon, or the moonlight shines on them. However, these two lines of poems do not let the characters appear, and describe the sorrow as "made" by the moonlight. The implication is: in the deep palace, the sorrow is as deep as the sea. Wherever the moon shines, there is sorrow everywhere. When you go to Nagatoden Hall, it is just "Don't do it" is just a period of sorrow. From the perspective of the whole poem, what is presented to the reader is a picture of a deep palace on a moonlit night with the diagonal handle of a bucket as the distant view and the empty room with flowing fireflies as the close view. The realm is so gloomy and cold, so one can easily imagine the suffering of the people in the palace and the depth of their lovesickness.
The second part of "The Grudge of Nagato" says:
The Gui Palace is always worried about not remembering the spring, and the autumn dust rises in the four golden houses.
A bright mirror hangs in the blue sky at night, shining alone on the people in Nagato Palace.
The second part begins with "The Gui Palace is always sad but does not remember the spring" not only reveals "sorrow", but also this sadness is "eternal sadness", that is to say, the person in the poem is not because of the desolate scenery of the current autumn night. The only thing that causes me to be sad is that I have been in sorrow and resentment all year round. Even if spring comes to the earth and everything is renewed, it cannot alleviate the sorrow and resentment at all; and because sorrow and resentment are hard to condemn, she cannot feel the spring, and there is no spring in her memory. It can be seen that the palace maid’s spiritual life is in deep trouble. This "Nagato Palace Man" has a unique way of feeling the seasons, the environment, and the moonlight. Spring comes every year, but saying "don't remember spring" seems like spring has not been around for a long time; the dust in the house does not belong to any season, but saying "autumn dust" gives the dust a bleak sense of season; the bright moon is high Hanging in the sky, it shines on all living beings, and saying "it shines alone" is like "the moon intentionally suffers." Through such description, what is shown to the readers is the miserable situation of the vast number of palace residents living a lonely and desolate life in the deep palace of hell on earth, and what is revealed is a corner of the cold feudal system.
3. Recruiting women
For example, "North Wind Travel", "Midnight Wu Song", etc.
"Traveling to the North Wind":
The candle dragon lives in a humble door, and its brilliance is as bright as day. Why can't the sun and moon shine like this? Only the north wind roars up from the sky. The snowflakes in Yanshan Mountain are as big as a mat, and they blow down Xuanyuan Terrace. In December, when I miss my wife in Youzhou, I stop singing and laugh, and the two moths destroy her. Leaning against the door and looking at passers-by, it is sad to think of the bitter cold on the Great Wall. When I said goodbye, I picked up my sword and went to rescue him. I left behind this golden Tao Jing with a tiger inscription. There is a pair of white-feathered arrows in it, and a spider spins a web of dust. The arrows are empty, and people will die in battle and never come back. I couldn't bear to see this thing, so I burned it to ashes. The Yellow River can be blocked by holding soil, but the north wind, rain and snow can hardly cut it.
"Midnight Wu Song? Autumn Song"
There is a moon in Chang'an and the sound of thousands of households pounding their clothes. The autumn wind never blows away, but there is always love between the two. When will the Hu barbarians be pacified and the good men stop their expedition?
4. Missing a Wife
Mainly refers to describing the physical and psychological living conditions of women who are waiting for purdah or whose husband is not around. Li Bai wrote relatively more poems about people missing their wives than about palace maids. Like "Resentment on the Jade Steps", "Green Water Song", "Naked Ancient" Part 2, "Crying at Night", "Long Farewell", "Spring Thoughts", "Giving Far Away", "Ba Nu's Ci", "Lonely See" ", "The Love of Generation", "Song of the Levee", "Farewell to the Lover", etc., there are too many to mention. For example, the following songs:
(1), "Crying at Night":
A black bird wants to rest on the edge of Huangyun City, and flies back to crow on a dumb branch. A girl from Qinchuan is weaving brocade in the machine, and her green gauze is like smoke and she is talking through the window. Stopping the shuttle, I recall the distant people sadly, and the empty room with the single window sheds tears like rain.
In the two sentences "The Qinchuan girl is weaving brocade in the machine, and the green gauze is like smoke through the window", the poet is dissatisfied with the appearance and clothing of the Qinchuan girl (Qinchuan girl refers to the yearning wife of the Guanzhong generation in the Tang Dynasty who went to war with her husband). No specific description will be given, only for you to stand outside her boudoir, vaguely see her lonely figure through the smoky blue screen in the dusk, and hear her low voice. What people feel in this way is not the appearance of Qinchuan's daughter, but her heart, her thoughts and emotions. "When the shuttle stops, I recall the distant people with regret, and shed tears like rain in the empty room by the single window." This woman, locked in a boudoir, has her heart firmly tied to her husband far away. There is no way to resolve the sadness and depression. Recalling the love of the past and feeling lonely at this time, all kinds of thoughts came to my heart. How could I not "tears like rain"! Liao Liao's few words vividly express the psychological state of existence of the "Qinchuan Girl".
(2) "Jade Steps Resentment":
White dew grows on jade steps, and socks are soaked in them for a long time at night. But under the crystal curtain, I gazed at the exquisite autumn moon.
Although the title of this poem is marked with "resentment", the back of the poem is only powdered, and the word "resentment" is not found at all. The stairs were built silently and independently, so that the cold dew soaked the socks, showing the darkness of the night, the long standing, and the deep resentment. The resentment is deep and the night is deep. I can't help but feel the loneliness from outside the curtain to inside the curtain. After the curtain is lowered, I can't bear the loneliness of the bright moon. It's like the moon pities people, and it's like people pity the moon. If people don't have the moon, then what can they have with them? The moon is speechless, and so are the people. They just stare at the moon. The reason for this lack of resentment is that it is deeper than resentment. The postures and mental states of the characters are not visible in the whole poem, and the poet seems indifferent and only expresses his thoughts through the actions of the characters, so it shows that it is implicit and tactful, and the aftertaste is like a dream.
(3) "Saucy Love"
The sun is full of lust, the flowers are full of smoke, and the moon is as bright as a day without sleep. Zhao Sechu stopped the Phoenix Pillar, and Shu Qin was about to play Yuanyang Xuan.
This song is intended to be passed down by no one. I would like to send it to Yan Ran with the spring breeze, recalling that you are far away from me in the blue sky. What used to be Hengbomu is now a fountain of tears.
If you don’t believe that I have a broken heart, come back and look in front of a bright mirror.
This kind of poem is written in a female voice and in a representative style. The content and writing style of Li Bai's "Song of Love" follow the norms of ancient inscriptions. It is definitely a boudoir poem, that is, a love poem. The meaning of "long lovesickness" has four levels, namely missing someone day and night, conveying feelings through the piano and harp, sending thoughts to the wind, and bursting into tears. These four levels of meaning unfold one after another, closely connected and dense. At first, it exaggerates the sadness: "The sun is exhausted", which conveys the feeling of the unbearable time during the day; it is also decorated with the three words "flowers containing smoke", which on the one hand exaggerates the confusion of twilight, and on the other hand, it also expresses the tenderness shrouded in twilight. The flowers are a metaphor for the people in the boudoir. As night falls, the bright moon rises, and the sky is filled with bright clear light. On this quiet moonlit night, the people in the boudoir miss each other more deeply, and they are so worried that they can't sleep. Since she couldn't fall asleep, she had to find distraction and sustenance, so she urged Xuan Fuzhu to express her feelings with the harp and harp, and played the song of lovesickness under the moonlight. The three or four sentences are neatly contrasted and the rhetoric is gorgeous, which is very suitable for the hostess. Phoenix Pillar and Yuanyangxuan not only describe the exquisiteness of the piano, but also convey the message of lovesickness: Phoenix reminds people of the story of Xiao Shi and Nongyu becoming an immortal couple; Yuanyang is the incarnation of Biyi couple. Here, they are all symbols of the mood of the piece. "First stop" and "want to play" indicate that one song has not ended and another one continues. The endless sound of the piano is as long as human thoughts.
However, how should the affection in this song be conveyed to loved ones? Therefore, there is a daydream about "I would like to send the swallows along with the spring breeze". Yanran, an idiom used in Tang poetry, refers to the border area, implying that pedestrians are very far away. Then add a single sentence "Remembering you so far away from me in the blue sky" to express my thoughts and form an abrupt emotional peak, which is also the lyrical center of the whole poem. The last four lines of the poem are heart-breaking words. The sweet memories of "the Hengbomu of the past" intensify the painful longing of "the fountain of tears now". Finally, I present my sincere heart to my relatives "far away in the sky"; if you can't Understand my heartbroken feelings, and when you come back, please ask this mirror to bear witness. My tears will stay in this mirror forever! Wu Zetian's poem "Ruyi Niang" contains a sentence: "If you don't believe me, I have shed tears recently, so I opened the box to check for the pomegranate skirt." The last two sentences of Li Bai's poem should be derived from this.
Tears on the skirt will leave traces, but the face in the mirror cannot stay forever. The poem says "Go back and look in front of a bright mirror" and express the things that cannot be done so clearly. This is a strong expression of the poet's subjective feelings.
(4) Spring Thoughts
The swallow grass is like blue silk, and the green branches of Qin mulberry are low. When you are pregnant and return home, it is the time when your concubine is heartbroken. If you don't know the spring breeze, why should you enter the Luo curtain?
This is a poem that expresses the psychology of missing a wife. The so-called "spring" thinking actually refers to spring, and secondly, it is a metaphor for love.
The first two sentences: "Swallow grass is like bisi, Qin mulberry has low green branches", which can be regarded as "Xing". Generally speaking, "rising" should be based on the scenery in front of you, but these two sentences are based on the spring scenery of Yan and Qin, which are far apart, which is quite unique. "Swallow grass is like blue silk" is the suspense of the missing woman; "Qin mulberry leaves with low green branches" is what the missing woman has witnessed. Arranging the imaginary distant view and the close-up view in front of you on one picture, and writing them all from the side of the missing woman, logically speaking, seems a bit unreasonable, but from the perspective of "writing feelings", it is feasible. .
Just imagine: In mid-spring, when the mulberry leaves are luxuriant, the missing woman who is alone in Qin is moved by the scene. She is looking forward to the early return of her husband who is stationed in Yan. With a deep understanding, I expected that my husband who was far away in Yandi would definitely have a desire to return home when he saw the silk-like spring grass. Seeing the spring grass and thinking about returning home, he came up with the words "The Songs of Chu: Recruiting Hermits": "The kings and grandsons traveled here and never returned, the spring grass grows luxuriantly!" The first sentence uses the words of "Chu Song", which is natural and has no trace. The poet has a profound grasp of the complex emotional activities of the missing woman, using two spring scenes to evoke lovesickness in two places, integrating imagination and memories with the actual scene in front of him, and constructing fiction based on the facts, creating a wonderful realm of poetry. It not only plays the role of ordinary Xingyu in setting off the emotional atmosphere, but also expresses the sincere feelings of the missing woman towards her husband and the heart-to-heart intimate relationship between them, which is not easy to achieve with ordinary Xingyu. In addition, these two sentences also use homophonic puns. "Si" is a homologue of "si", and "branch" is a homologue of "knowledge". This is consistent with the relationship between Sigui and "broken heart" below, which enhances the beauty and implicit beauty of the poem. The three or four sentences directly follow the logic of the Xing sentence, so I still write from the two places: "When the king returns home in his arms, it is the time when my concubine has a broken heart." The husband misses his return in spring, which is enough to comfort the heart of the departed person. It stands to reason that the heroine in the poem should feel happy, but the next sentence uses the word "broken heart" to express it. This seems to go against the psychology of ordinary people, but if you understand it carefully in conjunction with the above sentences, you will find that this The writing takes it to another level to express the feelings of missing the wife.
The valuable thing about the heroine is that the love becomes deeper despite the distance. The last two sentences of the poem are: "If we don't know each other in the spring breeze, why should we enter the boudoir?" The poet caught the lady he missed when the spring breeze blew into the boudoir, The mental activity of lifting the tent showed her noble and loyal sentiment. As Xiao Shiyun said: "The last sentence is a metaphor for the purity of the heart, which cannot be moved by external things." From an artistic point of view, these two sentences make the passionate lady speak to the ruthless spring breeze, which seems to be unreasonable. However, they are used to express the mood of the lady in a specific environment of staying alone in the spring breeze, which makes people feel real and credible. letter. The spring breeze is sultry, the spring thoughts are lingering, and the spring breeze reprimands, that is why we are determined and alert. This is the perfect ending.
5. Merchant Woman
For example, in "Changgan Xing"
When the concubine's hair first covers her forehead, there is a drama in front of the door. Lang came riding a bamboo horse and went around the bed to make green plums. Living together for a long time, the two children have no doubts. The fourteenth year is a gentleman's wife, and she has not yet shown her shame. He lowered his head towards the dark wall and called out a thousand times. I raise my eyebrows at the age of fifteen, wishing to be like dust and ashes. How can I go to the husband-watching platform if I always keep a letter holding a pillar? The Sixteenth Lord traveled far away to Qutang Yanlidui. The month of May is untouchable, and the apes cry out in mourning from the sky. The old tracks in front of the door are covered with green moss. The moss is deep and unable to return, and the leaves fall early in the autumn wind. In August, the butterflies are yellow and fly over the grass in the West Garden. Feeling this hurts my heart, I sit and worry about my beauty getting old. Get off the bus in the morning and evening and send the book home in advance. It's not far to meet each other, until the wind blows in the sand.
6. Working women
For example, the second of the five poems in "Yue Nu Ci":
A girl picking lotuses in Yexi River sings songs when she meets guests. Laughing into the lotus, pretending to be ashamed.
In the five poems of "Yue Women's Ci", the poet describes a group of girls living in the Jiangnan water towns in a praising tone: the simplicity and innocence of the barefoot girls who do not wear "crow's head socks" and "feet as frost"; The bold and passionate girl who "sells eyes" and "brings flowers to flirt with tourists", the charming and innocent girl who picks lotuses in "laughing people" and "coaches with shame", the infatuation of the plain-footed girl who "looks at each other" and "breaks her heart", the "new makeup" The bright and beautiful girl in "Dang Xinbo", each poem is a vivid and vivid photo, leaving an indelible impression on people. Li Bai's description of the Yue girls did not use the same exaggeration as Xi Shi, but focused on portraying their natural and innocent nature, which has the aesthetic characteristics of "hibiscus emerges from clear water, and the natural carvings are removed".
Another example is "Xun Ni's Family Staying at Five Matsushita":
I stayed at Wu Matsushita, lonely and joyless. The autumn work in the Tian family is bitter, and the neighbor's daughter is cold at night. Kneel down and eat the carved rice, the moonlight shining on the plain plate. It's so embarrassing that I can't eat with three thanks.
7. Abandoned wife. "Concubine's Unfortunate Life" and "White Head Yin" describe the sorrow of an abandoned wife.
For example, "Concubine's Unlucky Life":
The Emperor of the Han Dynasty paid great attention to Gillian and stored her in a golden house. Cough and saliva fall for nine days, and the wind brings forth pearls and jade. I love you so much but I still love you, I am jealous but you are affectionate but you are sparse. Nagato walked one step at a time, refusing to return to the car temporarily. The rain cannot fall from the sky, and the water cannot be collected again. The love of the king and the love of the concubine flow east and west respectively. What used to be a hibiscus flower is now a rootless grass. How long will it take for Israel to benefit others?
"Concubine's Unfortunate Life" is an ancient Yuefu title.
Li Bai's song "Concubine's Unfortunate Life", by narrating the story of Empress Chen's Gillian from being favored to falling out of favor, reveals the tragic fate of women in feudal society who used sex to attract others, and then their sex faded and their love faded.
There are sixteen sentences in the whole poem, and every four sentences is a level. The first four sentences of the poem start with Gillian's favor, starting from "The beauty is hidden in the golden house". The first four lines of the poem are intended to be restrained but to be elevated first, to contrast the desolation after falling out of favor. According to the "Stories of Han Wu": When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was a few years old, his aunt Princess asked him: "Does the son want a wife?" Referring to the more than a hundred people on the left and right, they all said: " No need." Finally, he asked his daughter Gillian, "How is Gillian?" Liu Che said with a smile, "Okay! If I get Gillian as a wife, I will keep her in a golden house." Gillian became the queen, and she was extremely pampered for a while. The two exaggerated lines in the poem, "The saliva fell to the sky, and the wind produced pearls and jade" vividly exaggerated Gillian's arrogance when she was favored.
However, the good times did not last long. The following four lines of "Love is too much to give up", with a flick of the pen, describe Gillian's fall from grace, and the bottom of the pen is full of waves. The jealous Empress Chen made various efforts to "win the favor". She paid a lot of money to hire Sima Xiangru to write "Ode to Nagato", and she also used the magic of the witch Chu Fu to "return her favor". She was offended because of this, and became the "waste queen", living in seclusion in Nagato Palace. Although she was only one step away from the emperor, she was so far away that the palace car refused to return temporarily. The following four sentences of "Rain can't fall to the sky" use vivid metaphors to emphasize the impossibility of "making the emperor's intention return". In the last four sentences, the poet uses a metaphorical technique to vividly reveal: "The hibiscus flower in the past has now become a broken root. How long will it take for someone to be favored by sex? " This thought-provoking poem is a warning. It not only satirizes those who use sex to win over others, but also serves as a warning to those who use sex to win temporary favor.
The language of this poem is simple and natural, the charm is natural, the metaphor is precise, and the contrast is strong. Comparing gaining favor with losing favor, "hibiscus flower" is opposite to "root-cutting grass", and the comparison is meaningful. Comparisons are used throughout the poem, and the conclusion is drawn from the comparisons: "How long will it take to treat others with color?" It seems natural and clever, and it is thrilling to read.
8. Brave woman.
"There Are Brave Women in the East China Sea" writes about women's spirit of resistance.
9. Geisha
Li Bai spent most of his life wandering around the world. His lonely journey to the end of the world must lack the emotional comfort of his wife. Therefore, he sometimes resorted to drinking and sleeping with prostitutes to satisfy his emotional needs. Therefore, prostitutes and wine are common images in his poems. Such as "Yang Bei'er", "Showing Jinlingzi", "Sixty-Four Poems from Jinlingzi to Lu as a Prostitute", "Viewing Prostitutes in the South Pavilion of Handan", "Giving Beauty on the Moshang", "Giving Duan Qiniang", "Wine to Wine" ", "Bringing prostitutes to Meng's Taoyuan in Qixia Mountain, King of Liang", "Watching Prostitutes at the Navy Banquet at Wei Sima Tower", etc., all describe the singing girls endlessly.
(1) Yang Bei'er
In the song "Yang Bei'er", the concubine persuades Xinfeng to drink wine. What matters most to people? The white door willow crows. The crow of the crow hides in the poplar flowers, and you stay in your concubine's house when you are drunk. There is an agarwood fire in the Boshan furnace, and the two smokes rise up to the purple clouds.
"Yang Bei'er" was originally a nursery rhyme from the Northern Qi Dynasty, and later became the title of a Yuefu poem. The theme of Li Bai's poem comes from Yuefu's "Yang Bei'er". "Yang Bei'er" refers to the love song represented by this Yuefu song.
"The song "Yang Bei'er", the concubine persuades Xinfeng to drink." It writes about a young man and woman, the king sings and the concubine persuades Xinfeng to drink. It shows that the relationship between men and women is very harmonious. "What's the most important thing about people? The white gate willow crows." The white gate is the gate of Jiankang (now Nanjing), the capital of Liu Song Dynasty. Folk love songs of the Southern Dynasties often mentioned Baimen, and later generations referred to it as the place where men and women met. "The most caring thing", Yu said the most touching people's hearts. What is it that touches people’s hearts the most? ——"The crow crows and the white door willow". The five words not only point out the environment and place, but also indicate the time. The crows are coming near dusk. Needless to say, listening to the crow's crow at the place where lovers meet at dusk is the most romantic thing.
"The crow is hiding in the poplar flowers, and you stay in my concubine's house when you are drunk." After Wu Xie returned to the nest, he gradually stopped crowing and rested sweetly among the willow leaves and poplar flowers, and "Jun" was also intoxicated. At the "concubine"'s house, it not only depicts the scene, but also contains a metaphorical meaning, and is full of interest.
“The agarwood fire in the Boshan furnace is full of purple clouds.” Agarwood is the precious agarwood incense. The Boshan stove is a kind of stove with a stove cover in the shape of an overlapping mountain. These two sentences, "You stayed in my concubine's house when you were drunk" push the poem to a climax and further write about the sexual gathering between men and women. A man's drunkenness is like agarwood thrown into a furnace, the flame of love burns immediately, and the harmonious affection is like incense turning into smoke, and both of them breathe into the clouds.
This poem is full of images, full of life, and fresh and lively in style. There are only four sentences in the ancient poem: "For a while, in front of the white gate, the willows can hide the crows. You make the incense of agarwood, and you make the furnace of Boshan." Li's poem begins, "The song "Yang Bei" ", I persuade Xinfeng to drink wine" adds more vivid scenes than ancient poems, and creates an atmosphere of admiration between men and women that envelopes the entire article. The third sentence "What is the most relevant thing to people" is an extra question compared to the original poem, which changes the meaning of the poem and expresses the strong feelings of both parties in the specific environment of "the crow crows and the white door willow". The five lines of "The crow hides the poplar flowers" are derived from the phrase "hiding the crow" in the original poem, but the artistic conception is more moving. Then, "Jun is drunk and stays in my concubine's house" is written as drunk and stayed, which has a more obvious meaning and helps to express the passion of love. Especially at the end, the seven words "Agarwood fire in the Boshan stove" are used to imply the second half of the original poem: "You make the agarwood incense, and you make the Boshan stove."
” This gave rise to the wonderful metaphor of “double smoke and one puff of smoke rising up to the purple clouds”. This sentence has developed from the previous comparison to have more symbolic meaning, which perfectly reflects the spirit and interest of the whole poem.
< p>(2) "Showing the Son of Jinling"Whose son is in the east of Jinling City, eavesdropping on the sound of the piano in the blue window. Falling flowers come up from the sky, and follow people to cross the water of the Xijiang River. Not the most affectionate. Xie Zhengzong asked Dongshan prostitute to go everywhere with Lin Quan.
Jinlingzi was the prostitute in Jinling. When Li Bai visited Jinling, he fell in love with Jinlingzi, so he wrote this touching and affectionate poem. The poem was given to her and expressed her wish.
This is an ancient poem with seven characters. The first six sentences are dedicated to Jinling prostitutes, and the poem uses pedestrians "eavesdropping on the sound of the piano". At the beginning, the sound of the piano came from the "blue window", indicating that the person playing the piano was a woman. The sound of the piano can attract passers-by to eavesdrop, which shows that the sound of the piano is melodious and beautiful, and the person playing the piano is skilled. These two sentences describe the singing girls in the east of Jinling City. He is good at playing the guqin. "A piece of falling flowers comes from the sky and follows people across the water of the Xijiang River." A piece of falling flowers refers to Jinlingzi, describing her as a fairy with extraordinary charm, falling from the sky and crossing the water of the Xijiang River with people. To Jinling. Xijiang, the river from the west, "Zhuangzi: Foreign Things": "I will travel south to the king of Wuyue, and stir up the water of the Xijiang River to welcome his son. Therefore, later generations generally refer to the river in the land of Wu and Yue as Xijiang. The two sentences "Chu Ge in Wu Yu" describe Jinlingzi as full of affection. Jinlingzi can sing Chu songs, and she speaks the soft language of Wu Nong, and she is affectionate before her accent. Li Bai was very fond of this person. The poet once fell in love with the singer who was both talented and beautiful.
The poet ended the whole article by describing his own thoughts. He borrowed an allusion from Xie An of the Jin Dynasty to express his wishes in seclusion in Kuaiji. Dongshan, and later lived in Jinling, he built earthen mountains to compare with Dongshan, and often took prostitutes to enjoy the scenery. Travel and enjoy. Xie An's ambition is in Dongshan, and Li Bai's ambition is in Linquan. His poetic style is unrestrained, but he is dissatisfied with reality and his ambition to retreat to the green mountains. Wei Hao's "Preface to the Collection of Li Hanlin" records Li Bai's deeds: "(Taibai)". He brought prostitutes from Zhaoyang and Jinling with him, and his traces were similar to Xie Kangle (According to Xie Lingyun, he was granted the title of Duke Kangle, but the Wei family mistakenly regarded Xie Lingyun as Xie An), and his former name was Li Dongshan. ”
If you focus on the appearance, clothing, and gorgeous colors of the singing girls, you will end up being mediocre. However, Li Bai used a graceful and light pen and fresh and free language to describe Jin Lingzi’s talents. , charming, emotional, unconventional, and affectionate. The conclusion uses Xie An's allusion to describe his own mood, which is appropriate and natural, which adds to the transcendent charm of the poem. < /p>
10. Poems about his wife
Due to his long-term wandering, Li Bai also wrote many poems about his wife, such as in Chang'an in the 19th year of Kaiyuan. The poet wrote to Mrs. Xu in Anlu, "...I know from afar that in the jade window, my delicate hands are making clouds. The music has a profound meaning, and the ancient pine makes love to the female rose..." (One of the Twelve Songs to the Clouds) praises his wife's beauty, versatility and lingering love for him.
"In Xunyangfei" "Sent in" was written by Li Bai to his wife Zong when he was imprisoned in Xunyang Prison:
When he heard the news, he cried and went to the house with Cai Yan to invite Duke Cao in tears. Wu Zhangling, there is no difference between cherishment and death. The rugged stone road turns into the blue clouds, and the mourning scene can be heard.
In the poem, Cai Yan is used as a metaphor for the Zong family. Li Bai was the earliest poet in the Tang Dynasty to express his deep love for his wife in his poems.
11. Hu Ji
< p>Li Bai’s poems also focused on the ethnic minority waitresses (sometimes called Ji or prostitutes) in the urban class: “The wind blows the willow flowers and fills the shop with fragrance, and Wu Ji presses wine to encourage guests to taste it” (“Jinling Wine Shop” "Farewell"), "Hu Ji looks like a flower, smiling in the spring breeze. "("There is a Liquor Shop in front of the Bottle"). In the Tang Dynasty, when the economy was prosperous, it was very common for girls to drink wine, prostitutes to sing and dance at banquets, not to mention the singing girls of the Tang Dynasty. Maiko actually made a living by singing and dancing. Group. " ("Yin on the River") "Proudly bringing prostitutes out of society" ("Show Jinling") These descriptions are actually a true portrayal of the atmosphere of the Tang Dynasty, because in the Tang Dynasty, singing and dancing with prostitutes was a fashion.12. Historical figures
For example, "Xishi":
Xishi, a woman who crossed the stream, came from Luoshan. >
13. Bixing style
In Li Bai's poems, the human nature of female images is downplayed, and the political nature is more prominent, mainly through the love relationship between men and women and the attachment relationship between kings and ministers. , the love between men and women has a similar relationship with the love between king and minister through its uncertainty. This type of poetry is divided into two categories:
(1) Directly using the attachment between men and women to express Li Bai's attachment to the king. For example. Said "Ancient Style" twenty-seven "How can I get a gentleman to ride on a pair of flying luan?" "The first part of "Bai Zong Ci": "Singing clear songs, making white teeth, the beauty of the north is the son of the east neighbor. I chant the white gauze to stop the green water, and my long sleeves brush my face to rise up for you. "Second: "Wu's song at midnight touches your heart. It touches your heart. I hope you will appreciate it. I am willing to be like two mandarin ducks in heaven and earth, and fly to the blue clouds in one day." "And so on.
(2) Men and women falling out of love and women being abandoned are used to symbolize their slander and being given gold to return them. For example: "Although the king loves Emei well, he has no choice but to kill people in the palace due to jealousy. "("Yin of the Jade Pot") "I have been jealous of Emei since ancient times, and my teeth are buried in the sand.
"("Picking Flowers in Khotan") etc.