Extracurricular reading training of China's ancient poems.
First, a Book of Songs.
Yi (1)
Collect ② Coix lachryma-jobi and ③ Bo Yan.
There are four thin characters when picking coix seed.
Collect seeds and make a short statement.
Collect coix seed and smooth it with thin words.
Pick and choose, made a thin speech.
Pick and choose, talk thin.
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① Coix lachryma jobi: another name for medicinal plant Plantago asiatica. 2 mining: lush appearance. 3 thin words: classical Chinese function words have no practical significance. 4 have: possession, that is, gain. ⑤: Connect. ⑥ Stroke: Hold the strip by hand and slide to one end. ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ 931⑧: Pack things with skirts.
1. The folk songs in The Book of Songs are arranged on the basis of folk singing, so its lyrics have the characteristics of repeated overlapping. Please briefly explain it with relevant poems.
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2. The Book of Songs embodies the flexibility of language use, especially in the use of words. Please briefly explain it with relevant poems.
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How do you understand the theme of this poem? Please talk about your opinion.
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Second, a poem in the Han Dynasty
Picking hibiscus in Shejiang (1)
Shejiang picks hibiscus, and Pennisetum ② is more fragrant.
Who is the desire to collect? Thinking far away.
Looking back at my hometown, it's a long way.
I am bent on leaving home and worried to death.
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① Hibiscus: also known as water Hibiscus, another name for lotus. Lanze: Waterfront land is full of herbs. 3 legacy: read wèi and give it away.
1, there is a contrast in the poem, please find out and analyze it slightly.
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2. What is the expressive function of the sentence "It's a long way to go, but it's Xiu Yuan"? Please analyze it briefly.
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Some people say this is a poem expressing homesickness. The reason is that there are poems such as "Thinking about a long journey" and "Looking back at my hometown, it's a long way". What's your different opinion about this? Please write down your understanding.
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Third, a poem by Cao Cao.
Do not leave Xiamen.
Jieshi (1) is looking at the sea in the east.
What is water? ②, ③.
Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging.
The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come from the vast ocean.
Journey to the sun and the moon, if you go out.
The star Han ④ is brilliant and unexpected.
Fortunately, even (5) this song was sung.
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Jieshi: the name of the mountain, at the seaside of Qinhuangdao City, is a good place to enjoy the sea view. 2 entanglement: the appearance of waves or circuitous water. (3) stand tall, stand tall. 4 xinghan: the sky is full of stars. Lucky, even: I am extremely lucky.
1. How did the poet describe the scenery he saw on Jieshi Mountain from many angles? Please briefly analyze related poems.
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2. The scenery in the poem is both real and illusory. Please briefly explain the relevant poems.
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3. What is the overall impression of the scenery in the poem?
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Some people say that this is a poem about scenery. Some people say this is a lyric poem. Which view do you agree with? Why?
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As far as the poet is concerned, please talk about your views on the poet Cao Cao.
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Fourth, a poem by Tao Yuanming.
Gui yuan Tian ju (3)
I planted beans at the foot of Nanshan, and the weeds in the field were covered with peas.
Chen Xing (1) manages waste and dirt, and takes the lotus home.
The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes.
Clothes are not cherished enough, but (2) making a wish does not violate.
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① Xing: Get up. But: only, as long as.
1, which poems show the poet's difficulty in seclusion? Extract and briefly explain.
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2. Which poems show the poet's diligence? Extract and make a brief analysis.
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What is the meaning of the last two sentences "I don't care enough about clothes, but I don't want to go against my will"? Please briefly explain.
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V. A poem by Li Bai
Drink with the moon
A pot of wine from the flowers, I drink it alone. No one is with me.
Raise my cup, I invite the bright moon, which brings me its shadow and makes us three people.
Alas, the moon cannot drink water, and my shadow follows me blankly; .
The temporary companion moon will appear in my shadow and bring me joy at the end of spring.
The song I sing is bright and wandering, and I dance the shadow before wandering.
Woke up to have sex (5), and then I got drunk and we lost each other.
Will goodwill be guaranteed? , stage ⑥ Han Yun ⑥.
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Blind date: Close people refer to friends who drink together. 2 indissoluble bond: can't drink. Will: And. ④ Spring: Take advantage of the beautiful time of spring. ⑤ Make love together: Have fun together. ⑥ Stage: the time agreed by both parties. ⑦ Miao Han Yun: the distant Tianhe.
1. Li Bai's poems have bold imagination, and this time drinking the bright moon alone is no exception. Please use relevant poems to elaborate.
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2. From "but I still had these friends for a while, which brought me happiness until the end of spring", we can see the poet Li Bai's thought of "eat, drink and be merry". How to evaluate this idea? Please talk about your opinion.
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3. What are the expressive functions of "moon" and "shadow" in the poem? Please briefly explain.
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4. Some people say that Li Bai's Drinking the Moon Alone is a classic about loneliness, which completely destroys the loneliness of the characters in a specific environment. What do you think of this? Please talk about your understanding in combination with related poems.
Six, a poem by Du Fu
Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night
Good rain knows the season, when spring comes.
Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently.
Wild trail ② Clouds are all black, and river boats are bright.
Look at the red and wet place, the flowers in Jinguancheng are heavy.
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① occurrence: rise, produce. ② Wild trail: a path between fields. ③ Jinguan City: refers to Chengdu.
1. What rhetorical devices are used in the sentence "Good rain knows the season, when spring comes"? What is the expressive function?
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2. According to the artistic conception of "sneaking into the night with the wind, moistening things silently", contact some social phenomena and use it to make sentences.
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3. What changes have taken place in the perspective of the sentence "Wild trails and clouds are all black, but rivers and boats are only bright"? What kind of expression does this angle change play?
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4. What are the characteristics of flowers in Chengdu? What does this have to do with Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night?
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Seven, a poem by Xin Qiji
Jade case? Yuanxi ②
East flowers bloom at night, and three thousand trees grow.
Blowing down, the stars are like rain.
BMW carved cars are full of incense.
Bagpipes move, jade pots turn,
One night, the dragon was dancing.
Moths, 7 snow willows, 8 golden eagles,
The laughter faded away.
Looking for him in the crowd,
Looking back suddenly,
The man was in the dim light.
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① Jade case: inscription name. ② Lantern Festival: the night of Lantern Festival. This is the title of the word. 3 flowers: fireworks. Carved car: carved horse-drawn car. ⑤ Jade pot: refers to the moon. ⑥ ichthyosaurs: fish lanterns and dragon lanterns. ⑦ moth: ancient female headdress. Liu Xue: The headdress of ancient women. Pet-name ruby: scattered and sparse.
What is the different description angle of the word 1.?
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2. Please briefly analyze the expression function of "sound movement of bagpipes".
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3. What kind of psychological state does a woman have when she looks at a lamp?
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4. Wang Guowei quoted the phrase "Looking for him in the crowd for thousands of Baidu, suddenly looking back, the man was in the dim light" in "Words on Earth" to illustrate a realm of learning or reading. What kind of state is this? Please talk about your understanding.
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Please summarize the theme of this word in one sentence.
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Eight, a poem by Lu You
Lin 'an ① Rain in Early Spring ②
Shiwei (3) has been as thin as yarn in recent years.
Who makes the rider (4) Jinghua?
Xiaolou listened to the spring rain all night.
Deep alleys sell apricot flowers in the Ming Dynasty.
Short paper ⑤ diagonal ⑤ idle grass,
Clear the window and fine milk ⑦ Play points ⑧ Tea.
Pet-name ruby plain clothes don't have a dusty sigh,
It's still too late for Tomb-Sweeping Day to come home.
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Lin 'an: Hangzhou today. At that time, it was the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty. ② Kyrgyzstan: It will be fine after the rain. 3 taste of the world: the taste of the world. 4 guests: guests. Lu You is from Yinshan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), so he said this. Essay: essay. ⑥ Slant line: Use the pen obliquely. All landowners refined milk: milky white aerosol floating on hot tea. 8 points: distinguish. 9 plainclothes: ordinary people. Jude: It's good to wait.
1, what kind of life feelings does the phrase "the taste of the world has been as thin as yarn" contain? Please talk about your opinion.
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2. What is the poet's mood written in the sentence "A small building listens to the spring rain all night, and a deep alley sells apricot flowers"? Please talk about your understanding.
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3. The phrase "short paper is inclined to be grass, clear the window and fine milk is tea" describes two things that poets do: "practicing calligraphy" and "tasting tea". What thoughts and feelings does the poet want to express in the description of these two things?
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4. "Who Let the Rider Beijing" and "Going home is still clear enough" reveal what Lu You's life choice is?
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5. What do you think is the deep meaning of the poem's proposition "The first night of spring rain in Lin 'an" by linking the content of this poem with the title?
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Nine, Guan Hanqing Sanqu
Indulge in the east wind? Miss the topic ②
Away from home,
In an instant, the moon is short of flowers!
Holding a farewell cup in both hands,
Eye Pavilion ④ Tears of parting.
Just say take care and rest (5),
Pain makes people reluctant,
A good traveler looks to the future, Wan Li.
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1 intoxicated with the east wind: the title of the song. 2 Missing questions: Missing questions are equivalent to the "untitled" that some people like to use now. 3 Close at hand: describe very close. Pavilion 4: The same as "shelving" has meaning. 5 Interest: Have a rest.
1, "close at hand" is very close, "far away" is far away. Is there any contradiction in the meaning of "far from home"? Please talk about your understanding.
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2. "The moon is short of flowers and flies" has deeper meaning besides literal meaning. Please write your understanding.
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3. What kind of mentality does "Wan Li is easy to walk, looking into the future" show the poet?
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According to the content of this song, which category should it belong to? If you want to change the title "Missing Topic", what title do you think is more appropriate?
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X. Two Poems by Liang Qichao
Read Lu Fangweng (1)
one
Millennium Decadent Poems (2),
The soldier's soul needle soul China is empty.
Set ③ 19 ④ comes from military music,
Since ancient times (5), when a person releases a bird.
two
Let down 100 thousand soldiers in my chest,
Tired of poetry.
Who loves this country with a thousand tears,
Speaking of Chen Hu, I don't care.
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① Lu Fangweng: That is, a land tour. Lu you, word view, number interpretation Weng. Decadent style: refers to the languid poetic style. ③ Collection: refers to Lu Fangweng collection. ④ Nineteen: Nine tenths. ⑤ Eternity: From ancient times to the present.
1, "Poetry has been decadent for thousands of years", Liang Qichao's assertion is a mistake of generalizing. From the poems or words you learned before Lu You (Southern Song Dynasty), choose one that does not represent the "Millennium Decadent Poetic Style" and write it silently in the space below.
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2. In the poems before Lu You, was there any poem or sentence that said "all the soldiers and souls are gone, and the Chinese soul is empty"? If yes, please select one.
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3. What is the motivation of Lu Fangweng's concentrated poetry creation pointed out by the sentence "Don't bear 100,000 soldiers in your chest, and be bored with poetry"? Please state your understanding.
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4. "Who loves the country with a thousand tears" wrote how Lu You's works were treated unfairly.
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Attachment: Reference answer
1. 1. There are two forms of repetition and overlap in the poem: one is complete repetition and overlap, such as "only one talent" repeated six times in the poem; The other is partial overlapping, such as "thin words".
2. The selection of words in Yijing is rich and varied. For example, the action of taking off clothes distinguishes six details, namely, picking, having, arranging, collecting and covering.
The theme of this poem is to express the joy of working and living.
Second, 1, there are more herbs in the poem and fewer people who want to leave them. Through this contrast, the theme that flowers are easy to pick and difficult to send is expressed.
2. "It's a long way to go in Xiu Yuan" refers to the distance between a person's current residence and his hometown, and the distance between two lovers' residences.
In my opinion, this is not a poem expressing homesickness, but a love poem showing that people who love each other can't be together. Although there have been poems such as "thinking far and thinking far" and "looking back at my hometown, the long road is boundless", its direction ultimately boils down to "people", that is, "people" who live away from me wholeheartedly.
1. In this poem, there are both panoramic descriptions of "water" and "mountain island", as well as separate descriptions of "tree", "grass", "autumn wind" and "Hongbo". There are descriptions of ground scenery and aerial scenery, such as Sun Moon and Xing Han.
There are water, mountains, islands, trees and vegetation in this poem, but there are autumn winds, red waves, the sun and the moon, and stars and men in vain. There is truth and falsehood.
3. The overall impression of the scenery described in the whole poem is magnificent.
I think this is a lyric poem. There are two ways to express emotion: one is to express emotion in the description of scenery, that is, to express emotion by scenery; The other is direct lyric, such as "it's okay, even, singing with ambition"
5, poetry is like a person. From this poem of Cao Cao, we can see that he is an ambitious man. When he talked with Liu Bei about heroes, he said that "heroes in the world today are only the ears of the monarch and the minister", which shows that his words are true.
1 Poems that show the poet's difficulties in seclusion are: planting beans in Shannan (pro-farming), grass full of bean seedlings (crops are difficult to grow), narrow roads with long vegetation (bad roads), and revealing clothes in the evening (clothes are often wet).
2. The poems that show the poet's diligence are: the morning is bleak, and the moon is home. It means getting up at dawn and weeding in the field, and then going home with a hoe when the treetops are on the moon.
3. First of all, it must be clear here that Tao Yuanming's "wish" is to resolutely not be an official, preferring to live in seclusion in the countryside and die. Although it is difficult to live in seclusion in the countryside and my clothes are often wet with dew, as long as this kind of life can continue, I will be satisfied, at least I don't have to "bend over to serve the children in the village" against my will for the sake of "five buckets of rice"
Verb (abbreviation of verb) 1. In this poem, Li Bai boldly imagined that in order to get rid of loneliness, he invited not only the "bright moon" but also the "figure" accompanying the poem. "Moon" and "shadow" not only appear, but also have human actions and emotions.
It should be affirmed that there are some negative factors in this idea of eating, drinking and having fun in time. However, it should be noted that this is also a way for literati to passively resist reality, and it is a helpless move that is forced out.
3. Although the two images of "moon" and "shadow" in the poem only brought me a moment of joy, they were both witnesses and liberators of my loneliness.
4. Li Bai's poems about loneliness do have its brilliance, which is embodied in the following aspects: First, he writes loneliness incisively and vividly. The poem begins with loneliness. "I drink alone." No one is with me and ends up alone. Will goodwill be safe forever? I see the long road of the Milky Way. " Second, there are different ways to get rid of loneliness. It is not surprising to write loneliness by drinking alone, but inviting the moon and the shadow is beyond the reach of ordinary poets.
Six, 1, these two sentences use personification rhetoric. "Rain" also has people's thoughts and feelings, knowing that spring is a good season, so spring is coming. Express the poet's thoughts and feelings of "love rain" through personification.
2. The exemplary deeds of heroes have played a role in students' minds. It is indeed "sneaking into the night with the wind, moistening things silently"!
3. Write from the "wild road" on the shore to the "river boat" on the water. Through this change of angle, the scenery on the shore is "all clouds are all black" and the scenery on the water is "single fire" skillfully combined, and they form a mutual connection.
4. Write down the characteristics of Chengdu's blooming flowers after getting wet by the rain. It is obvious here that writing "flowers" is actually indirectly writing "rain" and "rain".
Seven, 1, Shang Kun focuses on scenery, Xia Kun focuses on people.
No matter how beautiful the scenery is, if there is no sound, it is also a fly in the ointment. The phrase "the sound of bagpipes" makes up for the lack of silent beauty with the intervention of bagpipes.
3. Put on new clothes, sprinkle perfume on your body, and burst into laughter to describe the joy of women when they look at the lights.
Sometimes, in order to find the answer to a question, I racked my brains and couldn't figure it out (everyone searched for him for thousands of times), but I got the answer to this question inadvertently (suddenly looking back, the man was in the dim light).
5. Write down the lively scenes when putting lanterns on the Lantern Festival and the joyful mood when people look at lanterns.
1, there is a passion for serving the country, but it is not understood, and the hero's life feelings are useless.
2, worry and can't sleep at night. Only those who can't sleep all night can have the experience of "listening to the spring rain all night" and hear the sound of selling apricot flowers in the deep alleys of the Ming Dynasty.
My hero is useless and bored, so he has to kill time by practicing calligraphy and drinking tea.
I want to resign, retire to the countryside and go back to my hometown to die.
At the beginning of the spring rain, the sky is clear and people's mood should be cheerful. But the poet's mood shown in the poem is depressed. It's sunny here to contrast the poet's inner depression.
Nine, 1, not contradictory. "Close at hand" means that the person to be separated is close at hand, which is real writing; "Far apart" means that people who love each other "will" live far away, which is an empty writing.
This is a feeling when the poet and his lover are about to part. A deeper meaning is that all the good things in the world are gone because of the lover's departure.
3. I hope the person I love will take a good life path and be smooth on the road of life.
4. Love. Farewell or farewell
X. 1, Yue Fei's "Man Jiang Hong". (omitted)
2. Li Yu's young beauty (omitted)
3, the hero is useless, and the injustice will sound.
No one sympathizes with the unfair treatment of the poet Lu You, and his patriotism is not valued.