Dynasty: Qing dynasty
Author: Cao Xueqin
original text
During the day, cherish Fang Zi and cover the door, and join hands with the urn to fill the moss basin.
Rouge washes away the shadow of the autumn platform, and ice and snow absorb the soul.
Only when you are weak can you know that flowers are more colorful, but when you are sad, you can get jade without trace.
If you want to pay for Bai Di, you should be clean. If you don't talk about Tingting, you will faint.
To annotate ...
1 cherish: cherish, value. Fangzi: A beautiful gesture means a beautiful face.
② Hand urn: portable pottery for holding water.
3 rouge: that is, carmine. Wash away: wash away what has been smeared and think of it as it really is. Mei Youshi, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote Zhou Shuhai Tang: "Drunk to watch the spring rain wash rouge." Autumn footsteps: autumn footsteps. Shadow: refers to the posture of begonia. Ice and Snow: A metaphor for freshly washed Bai Haitang, with dew condensation like snow. Bare masonry: stone steps covered with dew. Soul: refers to the' character' of begonia flower. The general idea of these two poems is: Bai Haitang, who just poured water, shows her beautiful figure on the autumn steps like a beautiful woman who washed away rouge; It's like inviting white ice and snow to be her soul on the steps covered with dew.
④ Jade: refers to white jade begonia. Scar: As Jade said, "scar" is a scar; According to people, "mark" is a tear mark; In fact, it refers to the timid posture or dewy appearance of flowers. The meaning of this sentence is that the flower is so sad that there are no tears.
⑤ Baidi: That is, the Western Baidi refused in vain. It is one of the five emperors in myths and legends, and is in charge of autumn affairs. Tian Wenzhi, Jin Shu: "The Western Baidi is also the god of line drawing (even refusing the moment)." Autumn is called plain autumn and clear autumn, because it is clear and clean, so it is said that flowers repay the kindness of Bai Di's rain and dew by keeping themselves clean, that is, the color of begonia is white. By: Cheng Yi's "Yi" does not convey a reserved air as the word "Yi".
Tingting: tall and straight, slender and graceful.
Make an appreciative comment
The first pair of couplets, "Cherish the graceful posture, cover the door by day, and fill the moss by hand", depicts the poet's solemn character. The first sentence is a pun, because "cherishing Fangzi", with the door closed during the day, not only makes the poet cherish Bai Haitang, but also makes the poet cherish himself, depicting the reserved psychology of aristocratic girls in feudal times. The poet personally watered Bai Haitang with the water in the "hand jar", which is also a sign of loving flowers and cherishing oneself.
The antithetical couplet "rouge washes away the shadow of the autumn platform, and ice and snow reveal the soul" is adopted, that is, "rouge washes away the shadow of the autumn platform, and ice and snow reveal the soul". Begonia is white, so the cloud "washes away the rouge shadow": it washes away the rouge and shows its true colors, which is a self-portrayal of Baochai's elegant nature and dislike of bright clothes. "Bare masonry" and "autumn stage" refer to the environment in which Bai Haitang grew up. "Ice Soul" means that Bai Haitang's spirit is as white as ice and snow, and it is also Baochai's identity as a self-writer.
Necklace couplets "You can know that flowers are more beautiful when you are light, but you can get jade without trace when you are worried", which further describes the color beauty and rich beauty of Bai Haitang. The last sentence inherits the expression of "rouge", which means that the color of Bai Haitang is washed, and it is extremely light and richer in color, which is quite in line with artistic dialectics. What it really writes is self-identity: always quiet, hiding fools and clumsiness, and showing the dignity of a lady. The next sentence begins with the word "ice and snow", which means that Bai Haitang is totally quiet and complacent, just like a piece of jade full of worries, leaving a scar. The sentence "melancholy" should be based on Baodai's sentimentality to set off her tranquility and elegance.
The couplet "I want to pay for the cleanliness of Bai Di, but I feel dizzy without saying anything", and the "Bai Di" here actually refers to nature. The couplet implies that Bai Haitang is willing to repay nature with an honest and clean life, graceful and silent, and usher in another dusk. This is actually Baochai's inner monologue and self-portrayal. The word "silent" shows Baochai's stability, and the word "clean" shows her confident psychological state.
This poem intends to connect itself with Bai Haitang, describing people with flowers, and reflects Xue Baochai's inner world which is proud of being steady, dignified, elegant, quiet and clean. Li Wan commented on this poem first, because "this poem has status".