1 is formed by rough life circumstances.
The Tang Dynasty was an unprecedented prosperous dynasty in history. After hundreds of years of glorious scenery, I finally stepped into a state of decline in the stormy, and maybe I need talents. In such a special environment, Du Fu, a great poet who cares about the motherland, cares about the sufferings of people's livelihood, has great ideals and aspirations, and his fate is bumpy. Du Fu pays attention to the destiny of the country, people and society from a specific perspective with his keen eyes, and paints a magnificent and profound picture of social life with his infinite enthusiasm, compassionate feelings and deep and delicate brushwork. In the end, Du Fu was able to closely follow the fast-changing pulse of life, and with his bumpy life experience and superb poetic skills, he was full of enthusiasm for the country and the people, thus forming a deep poetic ideological content, dignified and deep emotional realm, diverse forms of expression, and rigorous and sonorous rhythm in a furnace of "depressed and frustrated" distinctive artistic style, and then climbed to the peak of realistic poetic art, which was highly respected by the world. Du Fu was born in a Confucian family and had a profound Confucian orthodox upbringing. When he was young, he accepted the traditional Confucian thought of "nourishing qi and governing harmony", and sprouted the thought of "being a gentleman, then being a clean folk custom" in his young mind. However, there is often a big gap between reality and ideal, and the cruel social reality finally cruelly shattered his life dream. Tianbao's six-year senior high school entrance examination, under the full control of the traitor Li, finally came to a shameful end in the name of "Wild Nothing". Although Du Fu is a civilian, he can stand at the height of the times and the forefront of society, care about the future and destiny of the country and the nation, pay attention to the living conditions of the people, and sing about society and life with tears in his eyes. From his flowing words, we can feel the suffering of an era and touch the conscience and courage of a weak person who should be Confucian.
Caused by social unrest
Society is the basis of the existence of poets and the formation of one's world outlook. He lives in that society with heavy grief and anger. He felt the hidden crisis under the surface prosperity of the Tang empire from the disasters brought to the people by the overjoyed and militaristic border war of the Tang Xuanzong. The mountains and rivers in the Tang Dynasty are broken, and the stormy days are just around the corner, giving people a heavy feeling. In particular, the outbreak of the "An Shi Rebellion" brought great disasters to society and people's lives. The poet feels sorry for his country and people! He always pays attention to social changes and records social disasters. His "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells" are a set of representative Yuefu poems that reflect the real situation of civil strife in the Tang Dynasty. Historically, in the second year of Gan Yuan, Tang Jun besieged the Anshi Rebellion in Yecheng. Because Su Zong had doubts about Guo Ziyi's morale, there was no unified command, which led to the defeat of Tang Bing in Yecheng. "The soldiers in Tokyo were frightened and fled into the valley. Cui Yuan, Yin and other soldiers who stayed in Henan all went south to save Deng, and they all returned to the cities. Soldiers were plundered and officials could not stop. It will be decided within ten days. " But the truth is far more than that. In fact, due to the defeat of Yecheng, Tang Jun's troops dropped sharply, and it is necessary to replenish them as soon as possible. Therefore, Su Zongchao began to recruit without restraint and discipline. Foot soldiers and officials arrested Ding Ti everywhere, regardless of gender, age and age, but there were all of them, and they became the targets of recruitment. At that time, people were worried, disturbing the people and harming the people was very serious. At this time, the poet was returning from Luoyang to his residence in Huazhou. He heard and witnessed the painful scene of people's death after the fiasco in Yecheng, so he highly refined and summarized the cruel reality with his poems. The disaster of the war "recorded" the real social reality, which made him become a Confucian poet with noble feelings who emphasized Taoism but was not poor.
3 Emotional rhythm reflects cadence.
As Du Fu approaches his later years, his works are full of sentimental emotions. However, he is a man of great backbone. The boredom and sadness in his heart rushed to his mouth, and when he was about to get it off his chest, he often wanted to swallow it back. In this way, the process of emotional suffering becomes deep and vigorous, and the emotions revealed by his pen are ups and downs, giving people an old feeling. Look at his Song of the Eight Immortals in Drinking. "Knowing that Zhang rode like a boat, he fainted and fell to sleep at the bottom of the well. Ruyang's three fights began in the sky, and the Tao flowed in the east exit. I hope I can't print the spring scenery, and the left picture is thousands of dollars. Drinking is like a whale sucking a hundred rivers, and it is said that it is happy to avoid sages. Zong Zhi's handsome and beautiful boy looked up at the sky with white eyes. Like Yushu before the wind, Su Jin used to get drunk and avoid Zen before he entered the long-term fasting and embroidered Buddha. Li Bai wrote a hundred poems in a bucket and went to sleep in a restaurant in Chang 'an. The son of heaven didn't get on the boat, calling himself Brewmaster. Zhang Xu handed down three cups of grass, but before he took off his hat and showed it to the princes, he waved his paper like a cloud, and was so excited that he was eloquent that he surprised four banquets. "The title of the poem is connected with the different forms of Brewmaster in the prosperous Tang Dynasty by the word" eight ",forming a group of sculptures with vitality, strong will, different identities, shapes and styles. The eight people in the poem are uneven in length, seemingly eclectic and eclectic, but in fact they are free and unique. The factor of wine permeates not only the drunken description of characters, but also the structural form of poetry in a unique way. Writing like crazy is the spirit, the external vibration mechanism between poetry and the author, and between poetry and society, and this uneven poetic form is the expression of Du Fu's "frustration".
In a word, the gloomy style of Du Fu's poems is the unity of many factors, such as the poet's tragic experience, melancholy ideological character, difficult times and profound artistic accomplishment, which makes the poet reach the peak of realism and has a far-reaching influence on later poetry creation.
Author: Jilin Radio and TV University Baicheng Branch
Source: Educational Research, Teaching and Research Edition, 20 13, No.5 Author: Ding Guowen