A lonely swan flew from the sea and landed in a puddle that it didn't want to condescend to.
It nests in pearl poplars, snoops and asks about green birds.
Aren't you afraid of the threat of a sling perched on such a high branch? .
Good clothes make people point, and high climbers go against God's will.
Bird hunters will yearn for me in vain, because I roam in the infinite sky.
Zhang Jiuling: The second of four songs.
Orchids in spring are full of flowers, and osmanthus in autumn is bright and fresh.
Life in the world is full of vitality, which naturally conforms to the beautiful season.
Who wants to live in seclusion in the mountains and smell the fragrance, so full of joy.
Won't it be more demanding to be transplanted than any other natural flower? ?
003 Zhang Jiuling: The third of four songs.
The hermit is in his lonely residence, nursing his thoughts and cleaning his worries.
He projected them to the wild goose to bear his distant monarch.
Who will be moved by the sincerity of my futile prayer day and night?
What comfort does my loyalty have when flying people and drowning people can be compared?
Zhang Jiuling: the fourth of four songs.
Here, south of the Yangtze River, there is a red orange tree. Its leaves are green all winter.
Not because the soil is getting warmer, but because it is accustomed to the cold by nature.
Although it may serve your distinguished guests, you leave it here, far below the mountains and rivers. !
Environment determines fate, and cause and effect is an infinite cycle.
You planted your peach trees and plums and forgot the shade of another tree?
Experience (1)
A lonely swan flew from the sea, and Chi Huang didn't dare to care. Nesting in the pearl poplar (3), it scouted and asked the green bird twain: (4), corrected the precious wood, and had no fear of the golden pill (5)? Beautiful clothes will attract pointing fingers, tall climbers will disobey God's will, and bird catchers will yearn for me in vain, because I roam in the boundless sky.
[Notes]
① Experience: Ancient poetry is used to write poems that are affectionate and meaningful. During his relegation to Jingzhou, the poet wrote 12 lyric poems. Here are the fourth, first, second and seventh poems. ② Pool (Yellow): Dead pool, moat, referring to the imperial court. (3) Double kingfisher: Jade bird, male flying, female emerald, with colorful fur. ④ Three-bead tree: a treasure tree in myths and legends. These are three trees. See Shan Hai Jing Overseas South Jing: "Three trees are in the north of Tired Ofthe Fire, on the Chishui River. They are trees like cypress, and their leaves are all pearls. " 5 "Nothing" sentence: Aren't you afraid of bullets? Nothing, rhetorical tone, no, you can't. Golden pill, slingshot bullet. 6 "beautiful clothes" sentence: wear gorgeous clothes and worry about being accused. ⑦ "smart" sentence: dignitaries will be rejected by ghosts and gods. Brilliant, refers to a person with high status and official position. Yang Xiong's "Xie Chao" in the Western Han Dynasty: "A wonderful house has a ghost eye to see its room." ⑧ ⑧: High in the sky. 9 "Ranger" sentence: Ranger, bird hunter. Desire for hunting birds.
[Appreciation]
This poem tells a fable: a swan goose from the sea flies to the edge of an ideal city alone. Two kingfishers stand proudly in the city tree. Hongyan expected that they would eventually bring disaster to herself, so she spread her wings and left this sinister place.
Obviously, what is hidden in the poem is the author's own experience and feelings. Is a self-metaphor, while the double kingfisher refers to Li and Niu Xianke who stole the high position in North Korea. The whole poem describes the unfair treatment and lofty feelings of the poet in political life in a lonely style.
The whole poem consists of ten sentences, divided into two layers. The first four sentences are the first layer, which describes the domineering and complacent attitude of two kingfishers from what Gu Hong saw. The first two sentences are very intriguing. Crossing the stormy waves and ignoring the loneliness of a small moat shows that the viciousness of the world (especially the imperial court) far exceeds the viciousness of nature. However, in this remote place, there are a pair of small jade birds nesting in the precious three-bead tree, high above, magnificent. "Side view" has two meanings. First, it shows the arrogance of bluebird, which makes people look askance; Second, even though the Jade Bird was sad and arrogant, Gu Hong didn't face it squarely, which led to the second level, that is, six sentences below the fifth sentence. The first two sentences ask questions from the arrogance of bluebird and the consequences it will incur. This is a rhetorical question. The bluebird stands on the top of the rare tree, and it is too cold at the top. Isn't it afraid that others can't bear it? Not afraid of the deadly gold bullet in the back? Then calmly pointed out an intriguing philosophy of life: "Good clothes attract people to point fingers, and the heights are too cold." The extremes meet, and the more prominent the position and power in officialdom, the easier it is for others to hunt and the closer the day of destruction will be. For this reason, this lonely swan in the poem neither envies the kingfisher's temporary glory nor resents its temporary frustration, which leads to the last two sentences. Lonely Hong is determined to hold high the pale ghost and soar in the clouds, so that the desire of those "rangers" cannot succeed. What is hidden here is the poet's feelings that he does not envy glory, is indifferent to fame and fortune, and is determined to retire. At the same time, it further sets off the narrow and shallow conduct of young people represented by kingfisher. The second layer writes the feeling of loneliness.
In the description, the author always pays attention to the situation of Gu Hong and Kingfisher from a comparative perspective. For kingfisher, the lone wild goose is unique, one pair, one big and one small, one simple and one gorgeous, one side comes from the vast sea and the other side guards a small pond. However, the little kingfisher is high above and dominates important places. The "three-bead tree" is a rare tree in the celestial world. They "nest" on earth and are the most noble. On the contrary, the giant Hongyan can only "look sideways" or even "dare not care" about the two kingfishers, implying the "pond yellow" of the imperial court. It can be seen that its humble and sinister situation reflects the arrogance of kingfisher. It can be said that the yellow bell was destroyed and the tile was thundering.
This poem was originally written by the author according to the author's situation and feelings by borrowing birds from nature. However, due to the clever choice of images of Hongyan and Kingfisher and their successful writing, the meaning of the work goes far beyond the meaning itself, reflecting a common social phenomenon and philosophy of life.
Appreciate/appreciate/appreciate the preferential treatment received
Orchids in spring are full of flowers, and osmanthus in autumn is bright and fresh.
Life in the world is full of vitality, which naturally conforms to the beautiful season.
Who wants to live in seclusion in the mountains and smell the fragrance, so full of joy. [ 1]
Won't it be more demanding to be transplanted than any other natural flower? ? [2]
Precautions:
[1] Mountain dwellers: hermits.
[2] Beauty: refers to the ideal fellow traveler.
This philosophical poem was written by Zhang Jiuling after he was relegated to the long history of Jingzhou. At the end of Kaiyuan, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty indulged in debauchery, neglected political affairs and denounced Zhang Jiuling, preferring Li who was full of sweet words and Niu Xianke who catered to everyone. Niu and Li formed a political party to control state affairs and exclude dissidents, which made state affairs more corrupt. Zhang Jiuling was not satisfied with this, so he wrote twelve kinds of feelings with traditional metaphor, which were simple, vigorous and profound. This is the first poem, which expresses the poet's narcissism and Dont Ask For Help's knowledge in a comparative way.
At the beginning of the poem, two elegant plants, Chunlan and Qiugui, are highlighted with neat even sentences. In Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs and Ritual Soul", there is a saying that "Chunlan Qiuju is endless." Zhang Jiuling, a native of Qujiang, Guangdong Province, is rich in osmanthus trees, so he used local materials to replace Qiuju with Qiugui, learning from the past but not from it. Orchid and laurel are opposite, orchid and laurel are opposite, laurel is opposite. This is due to the relationship between antithetical sentences. In fact, each one is full of flowers and leaves, generally referring to the whole plant. Orchids are described by the word "lush", which means lush and colorful. The word "lush" means that bluegrass blooms in spring and has unlimited vitality. The Gui is described as bright. The leaves of Osmanthus fragrans are dark green, and Osmanthus fragrans is light yellow. In contrast, nature feels bright and clean. The word "Yan" is a simple and elegant feature of autumn laurel.
After Gui Lan's two sentences were written separately, they were unified with the word "self-sufficient as life", no matter how vigorous and bright, they all showed a thriving vitality. The fourth sentence "make them in season" is divided by unity. "Festival" responds to the Spring and Autumn Period in the first two sentences, indicating that Orchid and Guangxi each show their own life characteristics in appropriate seasons. ("Zi" is interpreted as "respective" and "Er" is interpreted as "so", which means "Bazin" and "Bright". The word "Zi" here means not only adapting to the characteristics of festivals, but also that one's own glory is not flattery. The understanding of quality has already predicted the following: "Won't it be transplanted more than any other natural flower?" .
The first four sentences only wrote about Gui Lan, but not about people. The second sentence suddenly turned to "Who knows", which led to the beauty living in the mountains, that is, those who led Gui Lan to live in seclusion. The word "Who knows" has an unexpected feeling for Gui Lan. Because the beauty smells the fragrance of Gui Lan, she has a feeling of admiration. "Sitting" is deep and special. Show deep love. Poetry from no one to someone is a sudden turning point, and poetry has also caused waves. The word "Wen Feng" originated from Mencius' monograph, which said: "A sage is also a teacher of eternal life, and Bo Yi and Liu Xiahui are also teachers. Therefore, people who smell the wind of Bo Yi are stubborn and upright, cowards are determined, and people who smell the wind of Liu Xiahui are thin and generous. If you are above eternal life and what you hear under eternal life, you will get up. " Zhang Jiuling used this chapter's "following the wind" effortlessly, appropriately and naturally, so that readers didn't think he was using allusions, which is also worth mentioning.
The last sentence: "won't it be more demanding to be transplanted than any other natural flower?" ? "What do you want" took another turn. Since forest residents are familiar with each other, if Gui Lan is conscious, he should be happy to accept the flowers folded by beautiful women. However, poetry violates this principle and suddenly opens up new ideas. Lan Qiu is in high spirits. This is their nature, not to win the appreciation of beauty. Obviously, the poet used this metaphor to describe a virtuous person who lived a clean and honest life and study in Germany, but only did his duty as a person, instead of winning praise and promotion from the outside world in order to gain wealth and power. The theme of the whole poem is only pointed out here; And the context of the article has always been the same. The above "self-contained as life, making it conform to the four seasons" and "each plant has its own heart" take care of each other; The above mentioned "However, why do you think that a forest hermit likes wind and dust" agrees to fold with "Madam". The last ten words, summed up above, are watertight.
Classical poetry is very short in eight sentences, while Zhang Jiuling, in just a few chapters, tried his best to beat rabbits. The first two sentences of the poem are the beginning, three or four sentences are the inheritance, five or six sentences are the turning point, seven or eight sentences are the combination, and the structure is rigorous. And I tried my best and failed every word. In the form of expression, metaphor is used, and the implication is gentle with Wen Ya, so that readers don't feel that they are talking about elegant philosophy of life behind reciting things.
Experience the seventh of twelve songs.
Here, south of the Yangtze River, there is a red orange tree. Its leaves are green all winter.
Not because the soil is getting warmer, but because it is accustomed to the cold by nature.
Although it may serve your distinguished guests, you leave it here, far below the mountains and rivers. !
It's luck, and cause and effect is an infinite cycle.
You planted your peach trees and plums and forgot the shade of another tree?
Precautions:
Reading Zhang Jiuling's poem praising Dan Ju, it is easy to think of Qu Yuan's Ode to Orange. Qu Yuan was born in the south of China, and Citrus was born in the south of China. At the beginning of his Ode to Oranges, he said, "After the Emperor, the trees are beautiful and the oranges are attractive. I was ordered not to move and was born in the south. " The meaning of its support is obvious. Zhang Jiuling is also a southerner. Jiangling (the capital of Chu), where he lived in exile in Jingzhou, was originally a famous orange-producing area. At the beginning of this poem, he said, "Here, south of the Yangtze River, there is a red orange tree. Its leaves are green all winter, and its implication is particularly obvious. Qu Yuan's famous sentence tells us: "The autumn wind is blowing, and the waves in Dongting Lake are under the trees." It can be seen that even in the south, in late autumn, ordinary trees will inevitably fall down, how can they resist the devastation of winter? But "its leaves are green all winter". A word "Jude" is full of praise.
Is Dan orange still green in winter because of its unique geographical location? Or is it out of nature? If it is right, it is not worthy of praise. So the poet asked: Is it because of the "warm atmosphere"? First, the rhetorical question "vertical", then the affirmative sentence "but because of its" sexual habit in cold "is" closed ",full of waves. "Cold at the age of 20" is generally about pines and cypresses. The Analects of Confucius Zi Han: "When you are cold, you will know that pine and cypress will wither." Liu Frame's "Gift to Brothers": "If you don't suffer from cold, pine and cypress have sex. "Zhang Jiuling specially praised Dan Ju's cold-resistant moral integrity, which is meaningful.
There is an article in the ancient poetry of the Han Dynasty, "Orange Pomelo Drinks", which says that orange pomelo "has been eating for years", expressing the author's resentment that it is not used by the world. Zhang Jiuling's "although it may serve your distinguished guests" refers to "the sword stone". "Its leaves are green all winter" is commendable, because it has not defected because of the cold of a year; Fruitful, can not only contribute to others, but also show noble character. It is supposed that such a good fruit should be recommended to guests, but it is blocked by mountains and water. What should I do? Read the sentence "You leave it here, far below the mountains and rivers." It's like hearing a sad voice.
The fate and experience of Dan Ju haunt me for a long time, and the poet's thoughts are hard to calm down. Finally, he thought about fate: "Circumstances dominate fate, and cause and effect are an infinite cycle." It seems that fate is good or bad because of different experiences, and the truth, like periodicity, cannot be investigated. The feelings of these two poems are very complex, seemingly helpless and self-deprecating, but also seemingly unspeakable, euphemistic and deep. Finally, the poet ended the poem in a rhetorical tone: "You planted your peach trees and plums, but forgot the shade of another tree?" -people are only busy planting peach trees and plum trees, but they don't want dried tangerine peel. Cann't dried tangerine peel be useless? It has been written that it has the beauty of "its leaves are green all winter" and "although it may serve your distinguished guests", but this is the case with "encounter". Why? "Everything is wrong, the foreign reserves say the lower left" tells a fable:
Yang hu told Zhao Jianzhu that he personally trained a group of talents, but they didn't help him when he was in danger. Therefore, he sighed: "Tigers are not good at cultivating people." Zhao Jian said: "People who grow oranges and grapefruit taste sweet and smell sweet;" A tree stings, but it stings. Therefore, a gentleman is cautious about trees. "A' gentleman' who only trees peaches and plums but not oranges and pomelo can't be said to be a' careful tree'!
Du Fu praised Zhang Jiuling in his poem "Eight Sorrow Causes Right Servant to Shoot a Country with a Bow of Nine Years Old", "Poetry is more than enough, and the literature is at the end of Ming Dynasty." The latter sentence means that his poetic language is fresh and concise; In the previous sentence, he said that his poetic images left readers room for imagination and association. Reading this poem, we naturally associate it with the gloomy political situation at that time and the poet's bumpy life experience! This poem is both boring and obscure. In a short chapter, the questioning sentences are always ups and downs, but the tone of the poem is that Wen Ya is mellow, angry or sad, without trace or angle, reaching the point of perfection.
The hermit is in his lonely residence, nursing his thoughts and cleaning his worries.
He projected them to the wild goose to bear his distant monarch.
Who will be moved by the sincerity of my futile prayer day and night?
What comfort does my loyalty have when flying people and drowning people can be compared?
This is a spiritual realm. I feel apathy and wisdom in meditation (the hermit is in his lonely residence, nursing his thoughts and purifying his worries) (he projects them to the geese to bear his distant monarch). ) quiet and far-reaching
Who will be moved by the sincerity of my futile prayer day and night? ? Who can know the only perfect feeling of this emptiness (what comfort does my loyalty have when the flying man and the drowning man can compare? ? ) Be modest. I'm still a little confused when my kung fu is not up to standard. )