Deng Wei’s Thirty-two Quatrains (Twenty-three) on a Snowy Tour on December 24, Bingxu·Yi Shunding
The scenery of the lake and sky enters the sky, and the sea rises and the clouds hang down Ming looked at it.
Remember the snowy night in the monk tower, the mountains are like ink and a light is red.
This group of poems was written at the end of Bingxu (1886), the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty. Dengwei, or Dengwei Mountain, is located in the southwest of today's Suzhou. It was named after Dengwei lived here in seclusion during the Han Dynasty. It is also called Xuan Tomb Mountain. Plum blossoms are planted all over the mountain and down the mountain, making it a major scenic spot in Wuzhong. Yi claimed that "he wrote no less than thousands of poems in his life, most of which were about travel and travel, and there were especially many landscape poems" ("Qin Zhi Lou Mountain Tour Poems Collection"). Around Bingxu, the author wandered among the mountains and rivers of Taihu Lake under the Wu Dynasty. When I was traveling to Dengwei, it happened to snow, and I became so popular that I couldn't stop my poems. I wrote thirty-two quatrains in a row. The poems may describe scenery, nostalgia, or lyricism. These are the twenty-three poems. They describe what I saw on the snowy night, starting from " The word "look" is written out, and the distant view is incorporated into the poem. The whole poem is closely linked to the word "snow" in the title. The first half is looking at the lake, and the second half is looking at the mountain. It is a work that integrates the scenery of lakes and mountains.
From the "dark look" in the poem, we can know that the author's hope is in the night. Looking far into the distance, the clouds on the lake are low, the waves are blurry, the water and the sky are the same color, and it is completely empty, which is spectacular. The "sea" in the poem actually refers to the lake, so the sixth poem in the group contains the sentence "a piece of Xihuan floating on the water", which shows that this lake is the Xihuan Lake at the foot of Dengwei Mountain that connects to the vast and vast Taihu Lake. The two words "empty and Meng" vividly describe the lake scene on a snowy night. Just imagine, if it is not a snowy day, if you look at it in the dim sky, it will definitely be dark. How can it be "empty"? It is precisely because of the fluttering snowflakes and the refraction of snow light that there is a hazy ray of light in the twilight, and the "lake and sky scene" with "the sea rising and the clouds hanging" can be vaguely seen.
Three or four sentences turn to Wangshan. The eighteenth poem in this group contains the sentence "Listen carefully to the bell in front of the Yuan Tomb Temple, and the mountain path is dim and ghostly." Therefore, the "monk tower" here should be the Buddhist tower of Xuan Tomb Temple. Mount Dengwei is surrounded by rolling hills. When the author moves his eyes away from the lake, distant mountains come into view. In the night, the color of the mountains is darker than the sky, so they form black outlines, which are described in the poem as "like ink". , it can be seen that the snow has not fallen for a long time at that time, and the mountain peaks are still black from a distance. In the blackness, the red light on the monk's building is like a fire, which is particularly eye-catching. In fact, there should be another color here and there at this time - the white of snow, and the sea of ??fragrant snow that is not written in the poem - The white color of plum blossoms. In this way, the three colors of jet black, fiery red, and snow white complement each other, forming a sharp color contrast. On this winter night, the mountains and lakes around Dengwei are beautifully decorated. The author has quite an aesthetic taste. In addition to poetry and prose, he is also good at painting, so the use of colors in his poems is quite original. The snowflakes falling on the ground should be silent. The word "listen" is used in the poem, which makes people feel like they can hear the sound. It also vividly depicts the flying snow, which further shows the silence and tranquility of winter nights.
The author Su likes to travel to mountains and rivers, and "travels to more than ten provinces, and each province has one episode" (Qian Jibo's "History of Modern Chinese Literature"). When he writes about landscapes, he is often good at writing from a broad perspective, depicting a broad picture of nature. They both write about snow scenes, and some of the poems he wrote in Mount Emei, Sichuan, are vigorous and unrestrained, such as "Looking west from Mount Emei is really amazing, the first day of crystal shines on Yinguan", "Sitting high in the Buddhist tower is also majestic" ("Song of Mount Emei Looking at the Snowy Mountain" ), and although the scenery of this poem is the sky, lake, and mountains, and the objects are broad and grand, the whole poem creates an artistic realm of empty light and dimness, half-light and half-darkness, and the separation and combination of divine light. It can be said that poetry is When painting, the brush and ink are simple and light, looming, hazy, and the beauty is blurred and trance-like. This is of course consistent with the background of the snowy night, and is also required by the feminine and graceful aesthetic sentiment of the Jiangnan water town.