First, the expression skills of poetry
1. Rhetoric methods: metaphor, personification, rhetorical question, metonymy, duality, exaggeration, comparison, allusion, adaptation, intertextuality, repetition, etc.
2. Performance: narration, discussion, description and lyricism.
Lyricism: It can be divided into direct lyricism and indirect lyricism (lyricism by borrowing scenery, lyricism by holding things; Scene fusion).
Description: It can be divided into static and dynamic combination, virtual and real combination, point-surface combination, light-dark combination, frontal combination, rough outline brush and meticulous painting. Le Jing wrote about mourning, mourning for Syaraku and so on.
3. Expression techniques: Fu, Bi and Xing; Restrain change, elaborate description, symbol, association, foil, contrast, imagination, association, care, expression of ambition, etc.
4. Chapter structure: cut to the chase, get into the theme, express your ambitions, bond feelings with scenery, get a proper total score, see the big from the small, go deep into layers, take care of the transition and pave the way.
5. Thoughts and feelings include: infatuation, sadness, melancholy, loneliness, sadness, loneliness, boredom, indifference, leisure, joy, admiration, anger, adherence to moral integrity, and concern for the country and the people.
6. Function: deepening artistic conception and theme, with profound artistic conception, beautiful artistic conception, profound meaning, thought-provoking and far-reaching influence.
Second, the expression of poetry appreciation program
This poem adopts the technique of (expression, rhetoric, expression), writes the characteristics of (image), shows (highlights) (certain) thoughts and feelings, and plays a (certain) role.
Appreciate and answer questions.
The first mode analyzes artistic conception.
1. Q: What kind of artistic conception does this poem create?
2. Question variation: What kind of picture does this poem depict? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express?
3. Answer analysis: This is one of the most common questions. The so-called artistic conception refers to the imaginary realm created by the combination of objects (that is, images) that entrust the poet's feelings. Including scenery, emotion and environment. Three aspects are indispensable when answering questions.
4. Answer steps:
(1) describe the picture in the poem. Candidates should grasp the main scenery in the poem and reproduce the picture in their own language. When describing, one should be faithful to the original poem, the other should be recreated with one's own association and imagination, and the language should be beautiful.
② Summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery. Generally, two disyllabic words can be used, such as lonely and cold, quiet and beautiful, vigorous and magnificent, bleak and desolate, etc. , and should pay attention to accurately reflect the characteristics and emotional appeal of the scenery.
③ Analyze the author's thoughts and feelings. Don't be empty, but give specific answers. For example, it is not enough to answer "expressing the author's sentimental feelings", but also to answer "sentimental" why.
The second pattern analysis skill type
1. Q: What kind of expression is used in this poem?
2. Title change: Please analyze the expressive technique (or artistic technique, or technique) of this poem. How do poets express their feelings? What's the effect?
3. Solution analysis: Expression is a method used by poets to express their feelings. To answer questions accurately, you must be familiar with some common expressions. Expression techniques can be divided into three categories: lyric techniques, descriptive techniques and rhetorical techniques.
There are two kinds of lyric techniques: direct expression and indirect lyric.
"Oh, how can I bow and scrape to those high-ranking and high-ranking people whose sincere faces will never be seen?" Is to express one's thoughts directly.
Indirect lyrics:
1. Take advantage of the scenery to express feelings, such as "chilling sorrow, the pavilion is late, and the shower begins to rest";
2. Holding things to express one's will, such as Mo Mei and Yin, are generally poems;
3. Keep things in mind, such as "half an acre of square pond is open, and there are clouds * * *. The question channel is so clear that it is generally a philosophical poem, because there is running water at the source.
Description skills mainly include:
(1) foil, divided into positive lining and negative lining. Just like "Peach Blossom Pond is deeper than thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun". This contrast is also dynamic and static, such as "moonlight in pine forest, crystal stone in stream"; The sound is silent, such as "the sunrise scares the bird, when it flows in spring"; Sad emotions are set off by happy scenes, such as "green grass stains the steps in spring and birds sing happily under the leaves"
(2) Lenovo and imagination, also known as the combination of reality and reality, such as "wild flowers stay rare, green grass sees clothes."
(3) comparison.
(4) draw a line. For example, "if you plant a millet in spring, you will reap 10 thousand seeds in autumn." There is no idle field in the field, and farmers starve to death. "
Rhetorical devices often appear in ancient poetry:
(1) Bi Xing. Such as "Guan Guan Luo Yu, in Hezhou. My fair lady, a gentleman is good. " Let's talk about what else caused what was sung.
(2) metaphor. (3) personification. (4) exaggeration.
⑤ Pun. For example, "sunrise in the east and rain in the west, the road is sunny but sunny", and "sunny" means emotional "affection".
(6) allusions. For example, "a strong business woman doesn't know how to hate her country, but still sings" backyard flowers "across the river."
In addition, there are rhetorical questions, rhetorical questions, irony and so on.
4. Answer steps:
(1) Accurately point out the technology used.
(2) Explain why this technique is combined with poetry.
(3) This technique effectively conveys the poet's feelings.
The third mode analyzes language features.
1 Question: What are the linguistic features of this poem?
Question variant: Please analyze the language style of this poem. On the language art of this poem.
3 solution analysis: this kind of question does not need to try to figure out the clever use of individual words, but to taste the language style of the whole poem. Words that can be used to answer questions generally include: fresh and natural, unpretentious, gorgeous and gorgeous, clear and fluent, multi-spoken, euphemistic and implicit, bold and unrestrained, graceful and graceful, concise and vivid. ...
4 answering steps:
(1) Use one or two words to accurately point out language features.
(2) Analyze this feature with relevant sentences in the poem.
(3) Point out how the author's feelings are expressed.
The fourth mode of font refining
1 Question: What is the most vivid word in this couplet? Why?
2 question variant: one sentence has always been praised. What do you think of it?
3 answer analysis: the ancients paid attention to refining words in poetry, which is the beauty of asking to taste these refined words. When answering questions, we should not talk about this word in isolation, but put it in a sentence and analyze it with the artistic conception and emotion of the whole poem.
4 answering steps:
(1) Explain the meaning of this word in the sentence.
(2) Expand the association and put the word in the original sentence to describe the scene.
(3) point out what kind of artistic conception the word sets off, or what kind of feelings it expresses.
The fifth mode is full of poetry.
1 Question: One word is the key to the whole poem. Why?
2 solution analysis: ancient poetry is very particular about conception, and often a word or a word constitutes the clue of the whole poem. Grasping this word proposition can often test the examinee's grasp of the whole poem.
3 answering steps:
The role of the word (1) in highlighting the main idea.
(2) Consider the role of words in the structure of poetry.