The cold mountains turn green and the autumn water flows. Leaning on a stick outside the firewood door, I listen to the evening cicadas in the wind. The sun is still setting over the ferry, and the lonely smoke is rising in the ruins. (Yu Yi Zuo Yu) After returning to duty, he was drunk and singing wildly in front of the five willow trees. ——Tang Dynasty·Wang Wei's "Wangchuan Residence Presents Pei Xiucaidi" Wangchuan Residence Presents Pei Xiucaidi
Tang Dynasty: Wang Wei's Three Hundred Tang Poems, Autumn, Scenery and Lyrical Translations and Annotations
Translation
The cold mountains have become particularly lush and green, and the autumn water flows slowly into the distance day by day.
I stand outside the door of the hut with my pole and stick, listening to the singing of the cicada at dusk in the wind.
The sun was about to set over the ferry, and wisps of smoke from the village were drifting away.
I met Pei Di, my father-in-law, who was drunk and acted wildly in front of me, who was just like Tao Qian. Appreciation
What this poem tries its best to express is the autumn scenery of Wangchuan River. One couplet and three couplets describe late autumn evening scenes in the mountains, rivers and wilderness. The poet chooses scenery with seasonal and time characteristics: green cold mountains, slow autumn water, the sunset at the ferry, and the smoke in the ruins. They are full of sound and color, combining movement and stillness, and outline a harmonious and quiet picture. A pastoral landscape painting full of vitality. The couplets and quadruples of the poem describe the leisurely enjoyment of the poet and Pei Di. Leaning on the stick and wood door, listening to the cicadas in the wind, the poet's comfortable demeanor and transcendent emotion are vividly described; drunkenly singing wildly, the madman's demeanor of Pei Di is vividly expressed. In the whole poem, things and I are integrated, scenes blend together, there is painting in the poem, and there is poetry in the painting.
This is a perfect combination of poetry, painting and music. The first couplet and the neck couplet describe the scenery, depicting the late autumn twilight of the mountains and rivers near Wangchuan River; the chin couplet and the last couplet describe the people, depicting the image of the poet and the two hermits Pei Di. Scenery and figures alternate in writing and complement each other, forming an artistic realm where things and I are integrated and scenes blend, expressing the poet's leisurely enjoyment and true friendship for his friends.
"The cold mountains turn green, and the autumn water flows day by day." The first couplet writes about the autumn scenery in the mountains. In the cold autumn when the water is coming out, the springs in the mountains are gurgling non-stop; as the sky gets darker, the mountains become greener. Before the couplet says the word "twilight", it already gives people the impression that it is almost dusk. "Zhuan" and "日" are used cleverly. "Turn green" means that the color of the mountain is getting darker and thicker; the mountain is still, and the word "turn" expresses its movement with the gradient of color. The gurgling of the sun means the gurgling of the water every day, making noise every day and every hour; water is flowing, but using the word "日" makes people feel that it is always conserved. A few crosses outline a picture with color, sound, and a combination of movement and stillness.
"The sunset remains on the ferry, and the lonely smoke rises in the ruins." The neck couplet writes about the twilight in the wilderness. The sunset is about to set and the smoke is rising, which is a typical scene at dusk in the fields. The ferry head is on the water and the ruins are on the land; the sunset belongs to nature and the smoke belongs to human affairs: the selection of scenery is very ingenious. "The solitary smoke in the ruins" is obviously inspired by Tao Qian's "The distant village is warm and the smoke in the ruins" ("Returning to the Countryside, Part 1"). However, Tao's sentence is a personification of the lingering smoke above the village in the distance, and Wang's sentence uses line drawing to express the scene of the first wisp of smoke rising into the sky at dusk. Each has its own image, each with its own characteristics. Each artistic conception. This couplet is a famous line in Wang Xiu's speech and has always been praised by people. "The Sunset Remains at the Crossing of the River" accurately cuts the moment when the setting sun is about to hit the water surface, showing the dynamics and trends of the setting sun in an inclusive manner, leaving room for the reader's imagination in both time and space. "The lonely smoke in the ruins" is also written about an inclusive moment. The word "上" not only expresses the leisurely rise of the smoke, but also shows that it has risen to a considerable height.
The head and neck couplets use scenes with seasonal and time characteristics such as cold mountains, autumn waters, sunsets, and solitary smoke to form a harmonious and tranquil landscape painting. But this scenery is not simply an isolated objective existence, but is painted in people's eyes. In the painting, every scene and thing is colored by the poet's subjective filter. The couplet: "Leaning on a stick outside the firewood door, listening to the evening cicadas in the wind." This is the image of the poet. Chaimen represents seclusion life and pastoral flavor; leaning on a stick represents old age and leisurely state of mind. Outside Chaimen, I lean on my stick and face the wind, listen to the cicadas chirping in the evening trees, the cold mountain springs, watch the sunset over the ferry, and the solitary smoke in the ruins. I can see the comfortable demeanor, the unrestrained leisurely mood, and the words "We help the old people to rest, and sometimes they move their heads and drift away." There is some similarity with Tao Yuanming in "Guan Guan Lai Ci" ("Returning to Lai Ci"). In fact, Wang Wei also admired that "ancestor of reclusive poets in ancient and modern times". In this poem, he not only imitated Tao's poems, but also quoted Tao's allusions in the last couplet: "Fu Zhi Jie Yu" Drunk, singing wildly in front of the five willows. "The protagonist of Tao Wen's "The Biography of Mr. Wuliu" is a hermit who forgets his gains and losses and entertains himself with poetry and wine. "There is a five willow tree next to the house, so it is called Yan." In fact, it is true. Tao Qian's self-portrait; while Wang Wei calls himself Wu Liu, he refers to himself as Tao Qian. Jieyu was a madman of the Chu state in the Spring and Autumn Period, who "singed phoenix songs to laugh at Confucius." The poet compared Pei Di, who was intoxicated with singing, with Jieyu, a man of Chu, in order to praise this young friend. Tao Qian and Jie Yu──Wang Wei and Pei Di, although their personalities are very different, their transcendent thoughts are close to each other.
Therefore, the compound word "Fu Zhi Jie Yu Zui" does not mean meeting Pei Di again, but the doubling and advancement of the poet's emotions: not only enjoying the beautiful scenery, but also meeting good friends, and the joy of living leisurely in Wangchuan, to this extreme ah! The last couplet vividly depicts Pei Di's image as a madman, showing the poet's sincere goodwill and welcome to him, and the word "gift" in the title of the poem has been implemented. Creation background Wang Wei (701-761, some say 699-761), courtesy name Mojie, Han nationality, was from Puzhou, Hedong (now Yuncheng, Shanxi), his ancestral home was Qixian County, Shanxi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, known as the "Poetry Buddha" called. Su Shi commented on him: "When you taste Mojie's poems, there are paintings in the poems; when you look at Mojie's paintings, there are poems in the paintings." In the ninth year of Kaiyuan (721), he was promoted to Jinshi, Tai Lecheng. Wang Wei is a representative poet of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He has more than 400 poems in existence today. His important poems include "Lovesickness" and "Dwelling in the Mountains in the Twilight of Autumn". Wang Wei was proficient in Buddhism and was greatly influenced by Zen Buddhism. There is a Buddhist "Vimalakīrti Sutra", which is the origin of Wang Wei's name. Wang Wei is famous for his poetry, calligraphy and painting. He is very versatile and proficient in music. Together with Meng Haoran, they are collectively known as "Wang Meng".
Wang Wei Suddenly there was a message from outside the sword that Jibei was being collected. When I first heard about it, my clothes were filled with tears. But seeing where his wife is worried, she writes poems and books filled with joy and joy. To sing during the day, you need to indulge in alcohol. Youth is a good companion for returning home. That is to say, it passes through Wu Gorge from Ba Gorge and then goes down to Xiangyang towards Luoyang. ——Du Fu, Tang Dynasty, "Wearing that the official army has taken over Henan and Hebei"
Hearing that the official army has taken over Henan and Hebei. It was suddenly heard outside the sword that Jibei was taken over. When I first heard about it, my clothes were filled with tears.
But seeing where his wife was worried, she was filled with poems and books filled with joy.
During the day, you have to sing and drink, and you can return home with your youth.
That is to say, it passes through Wu Gorge from Ba Gorge and then goes down to Xiangyang towards Luoyang. Three hundred poems of the Tang Dynasty, the ancient poems of the elementary school are thought of returning to the west continent, the cicadas are singing, and the guests of Nanguan are thinking deeply. (Ke Si Shen's first work: Ke Si Invasion) I couldn't bear the shadow of Xuan's temples, so I came to sing to Bai Tou. (Unbearable 1 work: Nakan) It is difficult to fly in due to the heavy dew, and it is easy to sink due to the strong wind. No one believes in Gao Jie, who can express his sincerity? ——Wang Luo Binwang of the Tang Dynasty, "Singing Cicadas / Singing Cicadas in Prison"
Singing Cicadas / Singing Cicadas in Prison The cicadas sing in the West, and the guests in Nanguan are thinking deeply. (Ke Si Shen's first work: Ke Si Invasion)
Unable to bear the shadow of Xuan's temples, he came to sing to Bai Tou. (A work of unbearable: Nakan)
It is difficult to fly in due to the heavy dew, and it is easy to sink due to the strong wind.
No one believes in nobleness, who can express his sincerity? Three hundred poems of the Tang Dynasty describe the country three thousand miles away and the palace for twenty years. With a cry of He Manzi, tears fell in front of you. ——Zhang Hu of the Tang Dynasty, "Gong Ci: Three Thousand Miles from the Homeland"
Gong Ci·Three Thousand Miles from the Homeland The homeland is three thousand miles away, and I have been in the palace for twenty years.
He Manzi cried out, and tears fell in front of you.
Three Hundred Tang Poems: Palace Grudges