What rhetorical devices are used in Shuntaro Tanikawa's poems?

Shuntaro Tanikawa, a Japanese writer, personifies the river, the sun and the lark in his poem Rivers. Personification rhetoric is to personify things, and change things that have no human actions and feelings into things that have human actions and feelings (just like animals and plants in fairy tales can talk and laugh).

The author of "The Flow of Rivers" [Japan] Shuntaro Tanikawa

mother

Why is the river laughing?

Because the sun is teasing it.

mother

Why is the river singing?

Because larks praise its waves.

mother

Why is the river cold?

Because I remembered the one that was once loved by snow.

sky