Read a good poem (I): "Take my analysis as a clue to lead your own world."
Recently, the series "Everyone's Little Books" published by Beijing Publishing House has the largest reading volume. The greatness of everyone is in stark contrast to the smallness of the little book. It is conceivable that my school will condense what I have learned all my life into a small book. First, it is not easy, and second, it is solid. In contrast, many small families are keen on writing big books, and it doesn't matter whether they can afford the word "home". The long speech about water injection is really appetizing.
The two books I am reading at hand are actually written by a teacher-student relationship. The teacher is Mr. Yuan Xingpei and the student is Mr. Ge. It is a wonderful karma that both teachers and students are selected as "everyone", which is awe-inspiring. A good poem is a microcosm of Mr. Yuan Xingpei's years of research. Although it can't reflect his achievements, it can give a glimpse. As his student Professor Ge said, Mr. Yuan's study of classical literature "runs through vertically and horizontally" and "combines sensibility and rationality just right".
The compilation and selection of Good Poems Never tire of reading, from The Book of Songs to Nalan Xingde in Qing Dynasty. It has both poems and poems, and it is appreciated one by one, which goes deep into the texture. It can be seen that Mr. Wang knows the truth. Take Cao Cao's "Walking Out of the Summer Gate"? Taking looking at the sea as an example, Mr. Wang pointed out: "The first two sentences started smoothly ... but this explanation is very important." Because, "explain the foothold clearly first, and the description behind will be settled", such a plain and fresh expression makes people shine. In Farewell to Du to Shu, Wang carefully observed the poet's way of comfort. First of all, he set off his farewell feelings with the environment and expressed his understanding as an official traveler. Later, he said that the distance between heaven and earth could not stop the connection between bosom friends. Finally, he advised his friends not to be too sad and peel them off layer by layer. The poet's euphemistic intention is between the lines. "Singing willow" is not limited to willow trees, but uses a willow tree to "write the whole spring", while "Cibei Gushan" has "a kind of weather in the prosperous Tang Dynasty". The interpretation of Yueyang Tower in the attachment also shows Mr. Wang's unique views. Yueyang Tower, as the predecessors said, how can we write new ideas? Fan Zhongyan's ingenuity lies in avoiding buildings and writing about Dongting Lake. Fan Zhongyan's wisdom is seen by her husband here and is also a bosom friend through the ages.
The attached articles "Appreciation of China's Classical Poetry Art" and "Several Problems Should Be Paid Attention to in Reading Classical Poetry" are the essence of Mr. Wang's scholarship, which is worth savoring. In his view, both attaching to politics and sticking to details have lost their poetry. The word "elephant" is the real interest. In addition, appreciating poetry from the perspective of words and phrases is also suitable for in-depth study.
Mr. Wang said in the preface that "speaking" is a kind of communication and a kind of report, and you can't listen to it completely. Take my analysis as a clue to lead you out of your own world. It's nice to be so modest.
Good poems are ambiguous. Read more good poems.
Reflections on reading a good poem (2): Poetry is an invisible painting, and appreciation lasts longer.
Poetry is an invisible painting, and the more you read it, the more interesting it becomes.
It is this truth that "a good poem is never tired of reading". Although the poem is short, it has a story and profound meaning. Poems handed down by the Chinese nation for thousands of years are never tired of reading.
I can never get tired of reading good poems, which is also one of the series of "short books for everyone". Everyone's little book is a little book for everyone. The format of the book is not large, and each article in the book is also very small, which allows readers to quickly read what they need in a very short time. Although it is called "novel", its connotation is not small. It should be said that the weight is quite heavy, and they are all masterpieces, which are very valuable.
I can't get tired of reading good poems, which is a collection of poems by Mr. Yuan Xingpei, a famous contemporary classical literature expert and master of Chinese studies. The book contains Yuan Lao's wonderful appreciation of 50 classic poems. Each article is very short, starting with the original poem, followed by Yuan Lao's analysis and explanation of the poem. The meaning of the words in the poem, the story in the poem and the inner meaning are all explained one by one. Refined and plain words, so that every reader who has read this book can understand what these classic poems are written about and what they contain.
With rich professional theoretical knowledge, Yuan Lao linked each poem and its creative background with other related poems, which not only made readers know the main poems in detail, but also made readers know similar or related poems, and at the same time increased their own poetry reserves.
Yuan Lao's appreciation is not long, but it covers all the details in his poems. For example, he explained "Moonlit Night on a Spring River", which is a poem I like very much. The whole poem is 36 sentences. From the title of the poem to the content of each paragraph, Yuan Lao analyzed it. He explained the artistic conception, clever use of words, the relationship between scenery and emotion in the poem. Yuan Lao's insight into classical poetry is keen. From his insights, we can see that the older generation of scholars in China are rigorous and resilient when they specialize in learning. Good poems are never tired of reading, and it is precisely because of the guidance and guidance of these experts who study ancient poems that they break down China's classical literature into vivid and more aesthetic ones, so that we can better understand the connotation of poems and have more patience to read them.
Let's say "Moonlit Night on a Spring River". This poem is written from the birth of the moon to its fall. Yuan Lao broke this poem down into 36 sentences, four of which are rhymes, and each rhyme is a short paragraph. We analyzed each paragraph in turn, from the birth of the moon to the setting of the moon, the ups and downs of the characters in the poem, and even the ups and downs of the poet's mood, which unfolded before our eyes like a rolling picture. It is in response to the sentence "Poetry is an invisible painting". Yuan Lao's accomplishments in classical literature such as poetry can be seen from his easy-to-understand and objective explanation. Just the words "Moonlit Night on a Spring River", Yuan Lao told us, "Poetry begins with the birth of the moon, writes about the rivers under the moon, flowers under the moon, flowers under the moon, Sha Ting under the moon, repeatedly describes the thoughts of women under the moon, and finally ends with the moon setting." In this sentence, the reader can instantly understand the intention of the title and the theme of the poem, and hit the nail on the head.
Thoughts on reading a good poem (3): the heart of the poem never dies.
I first met Mr. Yuan Xingpei through the textbook "The History of China Literature" in college. I have to admire Mr. Yuan Xingpei's knowledge and feel his profoundness.
For classical poetry, I have been longing for it, but I still stay in the mode of reading with my heart. I just feel that poetry is very emotional to read and savor, but I can't say anything. Sometimes there will be some deviations in understanding, or excessive extension, or misinterpretation of poetry, or limited to expression. Panic, I don't know why, quite a bit "good reading, Dont Ask For Help solution".
Poetry, I always hate straightforward translation. After translation, the taste of the poem has faded, and after straightforward translation, the artistic conception is basically gone. "Good poetry is never tired of reading" is called "good poetry", but it also includes some words, which are generally "poetry". This book selects poems and songs from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, most of which are Tang poems, followed by Song poems. Exquisitely typeset, it is a series of "Little Books for Everyone". Mr. Yuan Xingpei is recognized as "everyone", and the 32-format is also a "small book". Secondly, to tell a poem, first attach the original poem, and then attach Mr. Yuan's analysis and interpretation. The poem is very concise, retaining the original appearance of the poem, and orderly attaching small prefaces, such as Pipa Travel and Water Turn, but without pronunciation and notes. The length of teacher Yuan's analysis varies from poem to poem, and there is no fixed format, or the analysis of a few sentences or the feelings of the whole poem are all random and without excessive extension. He also mentioned in his poem that "no matter how textual research and extension, it is redundant."
Of course, this does not mean that it excludes elegance. In Li Ping's Quotations, Mr. Yuan made many textual researches on Li Ping's identity. Based on the Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty, this paper finds out two seven-character quatrains of Juyuan Yang, listens to Li Ping's rough song and an ancient poem of Gu Kuang, and compares it with Li Sheng and Li Ping, analyzes the musical instruments, indexes the materials and arranges the time carefully. The final conclusion is just that Ping Li was sacrificed by Li, and Ping Li was a woman. It seems that the previous research seems to be in vain, but it happened that in the research, I saw the demeanor of scholars and realized the rigor of scholarship. Analyze it if you can. If you dare not draw a conclusion, you can't draw a conclusion easily.
In Appreciation of Good Poetry, Mr. Ye Jiaying mentioned that there is a very valuable tradition in China's classical poetry, which is to make people die. We read poetry in order to cultivate an immortal feeling. Yes, it is precisely because the poetic mind is immortal that the human heart is immortal. Our understanding of poetry, the heart of poetry, is not to solve feelings with feelings, heart for heart? After years of change, even the pronunciation changed with the change of dynasties, but the moon, scenery, people and feelings at that time still touched everyone's hearts. This is the power of poetry, and it is also the reason why good poems are never tired of reading.
Thoughts on reading a good poem (4): The heart of a poem has only flowers.
At this time, the cherry petals outside the window are full, the fragrance is overflowing, and bees and butterflies are surrounded. Pale yellow flowers stand out in the garden. Spring flowers are beautiful, and good poems are as brilliant as spring flowers, inspiring and unforgettable for a long time. China has always been a country of poetry. After three thousand years of accumulation, the total amount of poetry is amazing. In such a huge ocean of poetry, it is very necessary to choose those good poems and words that have been praised by people. A good poem, a good word, but not well understood, is like skimming the water, and the income is shallow. So far, there are many optional books on how to read poetry. Mr. Yuan Xingpei's "Good Poems Never Tired of Reading" is a novel book.
What's good about this book? Some people say that it has no notes and is difficult to understand. In fact, comments are included in the text. With profound knowledge and cultivation, Mr. Yuan grasped the images related to this poem well, and read it with reference to it, which deepened readers' understanding and sentiment of this poem. Some people say that the poems it chose are somewhat unusual and unfamiliar. In fact, this is where Mr. Yuan's eye and eye know the pearl. After all, the energy of ordinary readers is very limited. Most of the chapters involved in the common literary selections in the market are familiar to readers, and the interpretation of various literary selections is often too poor or even over-interpreted. When reading Tang poetry, everyone only reads "300 Tang Poems" and reads Song Ci, and everyone only reads "300 Song Ci". Unfortunately, there are a lot of excellent works in other poems, which are ignored by most readers. This is very regrettable. In this book, Mr. Yuan has captured some excellent works that are relatively unfamiliar to everyone, which is refreshing and very rare; Some people say that it is not much better than those famous poets. Mr. Yuan did not devote all his energy to the field of poetry, but his poetic attainments should not be underestimated. He abandoned the traditional method of poetry criticism, paid attention to the cultivation of aesthetic ability and the enrichment of life experience, and improved his personal knowledge level, all of which contributed to the improvement of poetry appreciation. How to appreciate poetry? Teacher Yuan proposed to pay attention to the cultivation of language sense. He believes that "the art of poetry is largely manifested in the skills of mastering language. Without a sense of language, it is difficult to appreciate subtle beauty. " Great beauty, this really shows the key to understanding poetry. To be fair, Mr. Yuan's book is not necessarily the best, but it is very beneficial to readers. Reading poems and words requires our personal practice. Even the best books can only be castles in the air, which is harmful and useless. In the process of reading this book, readers will certainly benefit a lot from careful understanding. Falling in love with poetry may start with this book.
Reading this book gives me the biggest impression that I am kind, easy-going and natural, and I don't pretend to be profound or obscure. For the understanding of poetry, the ancients sometimes far-fetched, such as the interpretation of some chapters in the Book of Songs. It is an incorrect attitude for future generations to speculate and over-interpret predecessors. Mr. Yuan advocates that the interpretation of poetry should return to the text. Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, believes that the interpretation of poetry should avoid over-interpretation and get rid of the pedantic style that penetrates association. This poem by Li Shangyin is familiar to everyone. Due to the times and personal reasons, most of Li Shangyin's poems are obscure and have many allusions. People who love poetry must have read many articles about this poem. Various explanations and speculations have separated the aesthetic feeling of this poem, which is boring. Mr. Yuan abandoned it like a shoe, but started from the text, combined with his own life experience, exerted his imagination and realized the beauty of artistic conception, words and richness of poetry, thus restoring the beauty of poetry itself.
Mr. Yuan pays attention to reading poetry in his own time, rather than looking at the quality of poetry from the perspective of modern people. Poetry has a gradual development process. The poems of predecessors may have a simple beauty, but they don't pay attention to rhyme, which is the result of the times. We should not pursue perfection and blame. Wang Ji's Wild Hope, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty, is not very prominent from the perspective of Tang poetry. But from the perspective of its era, it is very rare and excellent. Simple and natural, not kitsch, not fashionable, fresh and readable, without the gorgeous and grandiose poetic style of Qi Liang.
No book is perfect, and Mr. Yuan's "Never tire of reading good poems" is also debatable. When Mr. Yuan was reading Moonlit Night on the Spring River, he mentioned Moonlit Night on the Spring River. The original text said: "Emperor Yang Di also wrote this topic, and they are all flashy and gorgeous palace poems." Although it was a brush-off, it was unfair. Yang Guang, Emperor of Sui Dynasty, wrote two "Moonlit Night on a Spring River", one of which wrote: The twilight is still there, and the spring flowers are blooming. The waves will leave the moon, and the tide will bring stars. There are only twenty words in the whole poem, but it is ingenious and touching. In just a few words, spring, river, flowers, moon and night have all arrived. There is movement in the whole poem, and there is stillness in the movement, and the combination of movement and stillness. To some extent, Yang's poems inspired Zhang's masterpieces. Yang's poems have had a positive impact on the history of poetry. Besides palace poems, there are many readable poems. For example, he wrote, "West Western jackdaw flies several times, and the water flows around the lonely village. Where the sunset is about to fall, I look at the darkness and disappear. " Such a poem, the reader must have a sense of deja vu, the original Song Dynasty Qin Guan's "Man Ting Square" in the word "there is a setting sun outside, there are ten thousand points in Western jackdaw in the west, flowing water around the lonely village." That's why.
A good interpretation of poetry lies in guiding readers to the correct way of reading, which is exactly what Mr. Yuan said. A good poem is never tired of reading, and it is self-aware to study it carefully. Friends who love poetry, please start from this book and take advantage of the beautiful spring to devote yourself to the joy of reading poems and words. Over time, there will be unexpected gains.
Bi yue Qing feng
20 18.05.07
Reflections on reading a good poem (5): How is the poem moving? Beauty. How can poetry be beautiful? Touching.
When I was a child, before I went to school, my mother sometimes taught me to recite Tang poems. Sometimes I walk, sometimes I take a bus, and sometimes I can't sleep at night. In short, it is to pass the time and coax the children not to make noise. I had a good memory when I was young. I am always happy to recite poems and show them off in front of people. I can get a compliment by reciting one sentence, so I have always liked those catchy four or eight poems. Of course, I never thought that poetry had other uses. When I was older, I went to primary school and found poems in Chinese textbooks. I am secretly happy. I feel that I have memorized many Tang poems, and maybe I can show them off in front of my teachers and classmates. It's a pity that I was disappointed soon, because the poems in the textbook have to be "understood" by leaning back. I should not only remember the explanation of each word and the central idea of each poem, but also know what the author expressed in this poem. After reading a book for a year, although my good impression of poetry has been exhausted, I have an understanding of the usefulness of reading poetry-Chinese is to be tested, and the teacher said that poetry scores must be obtained. As soon as the college entrance examination was over, I entered the biology department. From then on, I didn't have to learn Chinese, so I put poems and the like on the shelf with peace of mind. Many years have passed, and the next generation of children still have to recite poems. The new generation of children are not as stupid as I was when I was a child. He would directly ask, "What's the use of reciting poems?" I really can't answer them: "for the exam!" " "Indeed, poetry can neither be eaten as a meal, nor can it teach people how to invest and make money. But the poem is beautiful! It sounds beautiful, reads beautiful and writes beautiful. So why do children and I forget the beauty of poetry in those days? Because the poems spoken in class are divided into various knowledge points, the task of children is not to read poems, but to memorize knowledge points and prepare for exams.
Although poems that sound beautiful are often analyzed in pieces, reading poems has become a chore to overcome all difficulties. However, whether Tang poetry and Song poetry were written by the ancients thousands of years ago, most modern people still need someone to tell them when they read poetry. Give lectures, research and give speeches. So, can you make it clear and keep the beauty of poetry? This book by Mr. Yuan Xingpei seems to have built a beautiful climbing road for us between the long and boring textual research and poetic beauty. .
There are no difficult words in Chen Ziang's Youzhou Tower. I saw it when I was young, and I liked it inexplicably. How do you say such a clear poem? Mr. Yuan Xingpei wrote, "Its language is so haggard, its conception is so straight, and its expression is so simple. Emotion gushed out, which made Chen Ziang ignore sculpture and decoration. Two sentences, five words, two poems, straightforward, shouted out, but became a swan song. " "Whenever I read this poem, I always see the image of a poet who stands alone on the platform of Youzhou like a stone carving. That kind of spirit, that kind of eyes, is a bit like Qu Yuan and a bit like Li Bai. There is a little pride in elegance and a little sadness in anger. His eyes are deep and melancholy, staring at the endless distance. He was troubled by his misfortune and puzzled by a philosophical problem. This is Chen Ziang. Then, his cry rang in my ear: "where were those lost times before me?" Behind me, where are the future generations? Mr. Yuan is a master of classical literature, and has published many monographs, such as China's Poetic Art Research, An Introduction to China Literature and General Theory of China's Poetics. It's easy to make a detailed linguistic analysis of poems and a macro historical division of works. However, he chose the reader's perspective, starting from his own feelings of reading poems, and thought that "appreciation is based on feelings, and there is no artistic appreciation without real feelings." Therefore, starting from one's own feelings and then exploring the author's intention is a way of artistic appreciation. "
Mr. Yuan doesn't regard himself as a bystander when he speaks poetry. He talked about Li Bai's enthusiasm for his friends: "The wind blows my heart and hangs Xianyang trees in the west." ("Duke Xiang of Jin sent Wei Ba to Xijing"), "My heart is worried with the bright moon, and I will go west with you" ("I heard that Wang Changling moved to Longbiao to leave"), saying, "I often think that if you want to make friends, you have to make friends like Li Bai. He is not only enthusiastic and straightforward, but also gives you his heart to share his happiness and your sadness. " He admired Qu Yuan and Tao Yuanming, liked Li Bai and Su Shi, but was closer to Du Fu. He told Du Fu's poem "Wu Lang" again, which was not always taken seriously by people, and said: "Wang Ming Siyan commented on Du Yi,' This is also simple, not a poem. However, he directly wrote things in twists and turns and became a poet. Everyone has everything, and it is impossible. "But I like it very much. Every time I read this poem, I see the face of a kind old man, which moves me. "
Mr. Yuan is a poet himself, and his works are full of the poet's enthusiasm and emotion. This is the secret for Mr. Yuan to lead readers into the realm of poetry, experience the emotional appeal of poetry and enjoy the aesthetic feeling of poetry. So in our era of extremely developed information transmission, this answer can be copied in many copies and distributed to all lecturers, right? I'm afraid most readers will not be so optimistic. His student Professor Ge recalled that when Mr. Yuan was in class, there were too many people listening to his lectures, and he changed classrooms three times in a row. If you change to a lecturer with Mr. Yuan's lecture notes, it may not be so attractive. The reason is self-evident. Mr. Yuan Xingpei once wrote a special article to emphasize the cultural function of humanities. Educate others and educate yourself. "After learning literature, you should be better able to understand the truth, goodness and beauty, so as to improve your ideological interest; After studying history, we should be able to see the development law of history more clearly, so as to find our place in the real society ... Humanities is a science related to people's cultivation, and learning is not only knowledge but also cultivation. China has always paid attention to the unity of moral articles, which he saw. If knowledge is divorced from self-cultivation, knowledge and practice are divorced, learning, research and thesis writing are one set, while what you think, do and pursue is another set. This is a sad loss of the humanities itself. " (On the cultivation of doctoral students in humanities) Mr. Yuan Xingpei has been practicing his own idea of beauty, and his personality beauty and artistic beauty have left a deep impression on his students. Professor Martin Kern, director of the East Asian Department of Princeton University in the United States, once commented on Mr. Yuan Xingpei: "I have never met a person who perfectly embodies China's ideal personality like Professor Yuan Xingpei; As a teacher, he not only teaches questions, but also sets the highest personality model for students with his own life practice under any circumstances. "