"An Neng can crush his eyebrows and bend his waist to serve the powerful" comes from "Sleepwalking Tianmu Yin Farewell" by Li Bai, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The whole poem is as follows:
Dream-wandering Tianmu sings farewell
Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty
Haike talks about Yingzhou, the misty waves are dim and it is hard to find a letter;
The Yue people are talking about Tianmu, and the clouds and clouds are bright and extinguished or visible.
Tianmu stretches the sky towards the sky, pulling out the five mountains to cover Chicheng.
The rooftop is 48,000 feet tall, so it tilts toward the southeast.
I want to dream of Wuyue, and fly across the Jinghu Lake in the moonlight overnight.
The moon over the lake shines on my shadow and sends me to Yanxi River.
Xie Gong’s residence is still there today, and the Lu River is rippling and the apes are crying.
Wearing Xie Gong's clogs, we climbed the Qingyun Ladder.
You can see the sea and the sun from half of the wall, and you can hear chickens in the sky.
Thousands of rocks have endless twists and turns, and the path is uncertain, and the lost flowers leaning against the rocks are suddenly dim.
Bears roar and dragons sing in Yinyan Spring, and chestnut trees in deep forests are shocking to the top.
The clouds are green as if it is raining, and the water is sluggish with smoke.
Thunderbolts struck, and hills collapsed.
The stone door of the cave opens suddenly.
The vast blue sky has no bottom, and the sun and moon shine on the gold and silver platform.
Ni is the clothes, the wind is the horse, and the kings of clouds come and go one after another.
The tiger, the drum, the harp, the luan, come back to the car, and the immortals are lined up like hemp.
Suddenly, my soul palpitates and my soul moves, I suddenly start and sigh.
Only when I sleep on my pillow, I lose the ever-present haze.
The same is true for pleasure in the world. Since ancient times, everything has flowed eastwards.
When will you return after leaving? Let's put the white deer among the green cliffs and ride to visit famous mountains as soon as possible.
An Neng can bend his eyebrows and bend his waist to serve the powerful, making me unhappy?
Translation
I heard from overseas visitors talking about Yingzhou. It is really difficult to find it in the vast and distant place.
People from central Yue mentioned that Tianmu Mountain can sometimes be seen between the bright and dark clouds.
Tianmu Mountain towers into the clouds, connecting to the sky and stretching across the sky; the mountain is taller than the Five Sacred Mountains and covers the Chicheng Mountain.
Tianmu Mountain is extremely high. Even Tiantai Mountain, which is 48,000 feet high, seems to be leaning toward the southeast when facing it.
I want to sleepwalk to Wuyue based on what the Yue people said, and fly across the Mirror Lake under the bright moon one night.
The moonlight on Jinghu Lake illuminates my figure and sends me to Yanxi River.
The place where Xie Lingyun lived is still there, with clear lake water rippling and apes chirping.
I wore the wooden shoes specially made by Mr. Xie on my feet and climbed the mountain road that went straight to the sky.
Halfway up the mountain, you can see the sun rising from the sea, and the sound of roosters crowing at dawn can be heard in the sky. Countless mountains and rocks overlap, and the mountain roads are twists and turns, circling and changing. There are many strange flowers and plants and strange rocks, which is intoxicating. Suddenly, it was dusk.
The bear is roaring, the dragon is roaring, and the spring water in the rock is vibrating, making the deep forest tremble and shocking the top.
The clouds were dark, as if it was going to rain, and the water ripples created a thin layer of smoke.
Lightning flashed, thunder roared, and the mountain peak seemed to be collapsed.
The stone door of the Immortal Mansion opened from the middle with a clang.
The blue sky in the cave is vast and endless, with no end in sight. The sun and moon shine on the palace made of gold and silver.
Using rainbows as clothes and wind as horses to ride on, the gods in the clouds came down one after another.
The tiger plays the harp and the phoenix pulls the cart. The immortals were lined up in rows, as numerous as a dense mass.
Suddenly my soul was startled, I woke up suddenly and couldn't help but sigh.
When I woke up, there was only the pillow beside me, and all the smoke and clouds I had seen in my dream had disappeared. The happiness in the world is also like the illusion in a dream. Since ancient times, everything has gone away like water flowing from the east.
Farewell my friends and go away (Donglu). When can I come back? For now, let the white deer graze among the green cliffs, and when it's time to go on a long journey, ride it to visit famous mountains.
How can you grovel to serve the powerful and deprive yourself of a comfortable smile?
Notes
(1) Tianmu Mountain: east of Xinchang, Zhejiang. Legend has it that people who climb the mountain can hear the voice of the immortal Tianmu singing, hence the name of the mountain.
(2) Yingzhou: one of the three fairy mountains in the East China Sea in ancient legends (the other two are called Penglai and Abbot). Yan Tao: The waves are vague and look like smoke from a distance. Wei Ming: The scene is blurry. Letter: indeed, true.
(3) Yue people: refers to people from Zhejiang. (4) Brightness and extinction: suddenly bright and suddenly dark. (5) Xiangtianheng: straight into the sky. Horizontal, straight insertion. (6) "Shiba" sentence: The mountain is higher than the five mountains, covering Akagi. Pull out, exceed. The five mountains refer to Mount Tai in the east, Mount Hua in the west, Mount Song in the middle, Mount Heng in the north, and Mount Heng in the south. Chicheng, and "Tiantai (tāi)" below are both mountain names, located in the northern part of Tiantai, Zhejiang Province today. (7) Tiantai (tāi): The name of the mountain, located in the north of Tiantai, Zhejiang. (8) "Regarding" sentence: Facing the mountain Tianmu, Tiantai Mountain seems to be falling to its southeast. It means that Tiantai Mountain is much lower than Tianmu Mountain. (9) Cause: basis. It: refers to the Yue people in front. (10) Jinghu: Also known as Jianhu, it is located in the south of Shaoxing, Zhejiang. (11) Shanxi: The name of the water, located in the south of Shengzhou, Zhejiang. (12) Xie Gong: Xie Lingyun, a poet from the Guide Dynasty. Xie Lingyun likes to travel in the mountains.
When he visited Tianmu Mountain, he stayed in Shanxi. (13) 游(lù): Qing. Qing: Here it means desolate. (14) Xie Gong's clogs (jī): The kind of clogs worn by Xie Lingyun. "The Biography of Xie Lingyun in Southern History" records: Xie Lingyun must go to deep and high places when traveling in the mountains; he has a special kind of wooden clogs with movable teeth on the bottom. The front teeth are removed when going up the mountain, and the back teeth are removed when going down the mountain. Geta, with a wooden base and straps, is shaped like a slipper. (15) Qingyun Ladder: refers to the mountain road that goes straight up to the sky. (16) Half-way to the sea and the sun: Halfway up the mountain, you can see the sun rising from the sea. (17) Heavenly Chicken: According to ancient legend, there is Taodu Mountain in the southeast. There is a big tree on the mountain called Taodu. Its branches stretch for three thousand miles. There is a Heavenly Chicken living on the tree. Whenever the sun rises and shines on this tree, The rooster crows, and all the chickens in the world crow with it. (18) "Fanatical Flower" Sentence: Obsessed with flowers, leaning on stones, I don't realize it's getting very late. Míng, sunset, dark. (19) "Bear Roars" sentence: The bear is roaring, the dragon is roaring, and the spring in the rock is vibrating. "Yinyanquan" means "Yinyanquan Yin". Yin, used here as a verb, means to make a sound. (20) "Li Shenlin" sentence: makes the deep forest tremble and makes the top of the mountain shocked. Li, Jing, use the method. (21) Qingqing: dark. (22) Dandan: The appearance of undulating waves. (23) Lieque: refers to lightning. (24) Cave: The cave where immortals live. Fei: door leaf. One is "fan". (25) 訇 (hōng) Ran: describes a loud voice. (26) Qing Ming mighty: Qing Ming refers to the sky. Mighty, vast and far-reaching. (27) Jinyintai: a palace made of gold and silver, which refers to the place where gods live. (28) Wind: One is "Feng". (29) Lord of the Clouds: The Immortal in the Clouds. (30) Luan returns to the car: Luan bird drives the car. Luan, a legendary bird like the phoenix. Return, rotate, rotate. (31) Palpitations: heartbeat. (32) Sudden: suddenly, suddenly. (33) When you wake up: when you wake up. (34) Lost smoke and clouds: The smoke and clouds I saw in my dream just disappeared. Always, it turns out. The haze refers to the fairyland written above. (35) East-flowing water: Like the east-flowing water, it will never return. (36) White deer: Legend has it that gods or hermits often ride white deer. Qingya: Qingshan. (37) Must: Wait. (38) Bending the eyebrows and bending the waist: lowering the head and bending the waist. Destroying the eyebrows means lowering the eyebrows.
Introduction to the work
"Sleepwalking Tianmu's Song of Farewell", also known as "Farewell to the Dukes of Donglu", is an ancient poem written by the famous poet Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty. This is a poem about dreams and a poem about traveling to immortals. The poem is about a dream trip to the famous mountains of Xianfu, with unique meaning, precise conception and majestic artistic conception. The emotions are deep and intense, and the changes are unpredictable in the ethereal description, which embodies the reality of life. Although bizarre, it is not contrived. The content is rich and tortuous, the image is brilliant and smooth, and it is full of romanticism. In form, it is mixed with mixed words and uses Sao style. It is not bound by laws and is liberated from the system. Written by hand, the pen moves according to the mood, and the poetry is full of talent. It can be called a masterpiece.
Appreciation of the work
This is a poem about dreams and a poem about traveling to immortals. The majestic artistic conception, unpredictable changes, colorful artistic images, and novel expression techniques have always been recited by people and are regarded as one of Li Bai's masterpieces.
The ideological content of this poem is quite complex. After Li Bai left Chang'an, he suffered political setbacks and suffered from mental anguish and resentment. There is no way out in the real society, so we can only seek relief in the illusory world of gods and mountains far away from the secular world. This thought of seclusion may seem depressed, but it cannot be written off. To a certain extent, it shows that Li Bai is spiritually free from the shackles of the secular world. This led him to make such an impassioned cry at the end of the poem, "An Neng can bend his eyebrows and bend his waist to serve the powerful, which makes me unhappy." This uncompromising spirit and strong resistance are the tone of this poem.
Li Bai spent his whole life wandering among mountains and rivers, loving mountains and rivers, and reaching the state he dreamed of. The sleepwalking described in this poem may not be completely imaginary, but whether it is imaginary or not, sleepwalking is more suitable for transcending reality and making it easier for him to use his imagination and exaggeration talents.
"Haike people talk about Yingzhou, and it is hard to find letters in the misty waves; people in Yue people talk about Tianma, and the clouds may be visible." The poem begins by talking about the overseas fairyland in ancient legends - Yingzhou. It is ethereal and cannot be sought; but in reality, Tianmu Mountain disappears and appears in the floating clouds, which is really better than a fairyland. The use of virtuality to set off the real highlights the beautiful scenery of Tianmu, and implicitly contains the poet's yearning for Tianmu Mountain. The writing is full of magic and fascinating.
Tianmu Mountain is close to Yan River. Legend has it that climbers heard the singing of the immortal Tianmu, hence its name. Tianmu Mountain is opposite to Tiantai Mountain, with steep peaks and mountains. Looking up at it, it seems as if it is on the surface of the sky, and it is as dim as falling into a fairyland. It can easily cause visitors to have wild fantasies. The mountains and rivers of eastern Zhejiang are the places that Li Bai has longed for since his youth. When he first came out of Sichuan, he once said, "This trip is not just for the sake of persimmons. I love the famous mountains and go to Shanzhong." He had traveled there more than once before entering the Imperial Academy. Not only was he very passionate about the mountains and rivers here, he was also very familiar with them.
Tien Mu Mountain is known as a unique and beautiful place in Eastern Vietnam. But compared with other lofty mountains, such as my country's five famous mountains - the Five Sacred Mountains, their status in people's minds is still very different. However, Li Bai boasted in his poem that it "overwhelms the Five Mountains and covers Chicheng" and is even taller and taller than the Five Mountains. The famous Tiantai Mountain is tilted as if it is bowing at the feet of Tianmu. This Tianmu Mountain is described as towering into the sky, reaching into the sky, majestic and extraordinary. This Tianmu Mountain in the dream should be said to be the phantom of the strange mountains and ridges that Li Bai experienced in his life. It is the exaggerated shadow of the Tianmu Mountain in reality in Li Bai's writings.
Then what is shown is a magnificent and changing scene: Tianmu Mountain is hidden in the bright and dying clouds, which arouses the poet's desire to explore. The poet entered a dream, as if under the clear light of the moonlit night, he flew across the mirror lake. The bright moon reflected his shadow on the Mirror Lake, and then sent him to land at the place where Xie Lingyun once rested. He put on Xie Lingyun's specially made wooden clogs and climbed the stone path that Xie Gong had climbed before - Qingyun Ladder. I only saw: "Half the wall can see the sea and the sun, and the air can smell the chickens. Thousands of rocks with endless twists and turns, the road is uncertain, and the lost flowers leaning on the rocks are suddenly dim. Bears roar and dragons sing in Yinyan Spring, and chestnut trees are deep in the forest. The clouds are green and it is like rain, and the water "The sky is full of smoke." After flying over, I wrote about what I saw in the mountains. The stone paths are winding, and the light is dim in the mountains. I see the sun rising over the sea and the roosters singing. This is originally a dawn; but it is also charming and leaning against the mountain flowers. While the stone was resting for a while, I suddenly felt that dusk was coming, and the change of dusk and dusk was so sudden. In the twilight, the roar of bears and dragons reverberated throughout the valleys, making the deep forests tremble and the tops of the mountains startled. Not only the living bears and dragons express their emotions with their groans and roars, but even the tops and deep forests can tremble and startle. The smoke, water, and blue clouds are all full of gloom, integrating with the poet's emotions to form a unified atmosphere. In the previous part, Tianmu Mountain was described romantically, which is both high and strange; here again, it is romantically lyrical, both deep and far away. This strange state is already shocking enough, but the poet does not stop there. The poetic state turns from strange to absurd, and the whole poem reaches a climax. In the thrilling deep twilight, in an instant, "the mountains collapsed", and a fairy world "suddenly opened", "the blue sky is vast and bottomless, the sun and the moon shine on the gold and silver platform. The clothes are bright and the wind is bright." Horses and kings of clouds came and descended one after another. "The blessed land of cave heaven appeared here. The "Lord of the Clouds" wears a rainbow as his clothes, drives the wind as a horse, the tiger plays the harp, and the luan drives the car. They are all ordered by the poet's pen to rush to the fairy mountain for the grand event. What a grand and lively scene this is. "The immortals are lined up like hemp"! The immortals seemed to line up to welcome the poet's arrival. The golden platform, the silver platform and the sun and moon complement each other. The scenery is magnificent and colorful. How shocking and dazzling! The grand gathering in the Fairy Mountain is a reflection of human life. In addition to the impressions of the thousands of valleys and mountains he experienced during his long-term wanderings, the inspiration and influence of ancient legends and Qu Yuan's poems, there are also traces of the three years of Chang'an's palace life. All of these are condensed through the extraordinary imagination of romanticism. Such a brilliant and colorful depiction.
This poem is about dreaming in a wonderland. It is different from other poems about traveling to immortals. It has deep emotions and fierce protests. It does not really rely on illusions, but still focuses on reality in the illusory description of the fairy world. . The mind travels to the fairyland in heaven, and the mind feels that "the same is true for pleasure in the world."
The fairyland suddenly disappeared, the dream was shattered, and the poet finally returned to reality in panic. After the dream is shattered, people no longer soar lightly in the dream as they please, but lie heavily on the pillow mat. "Since ancient times, everything flows eastwards" contains the poet's frustrations and deep feelings about life. At this moment, the poet feels that the most soothing thing is "Let's put the white deer among the green cliffs and ride to the famous mountains as soon as possible." The fun of wandering around the mountains and rivers is the most satisfying, which is what is said in "Spring Night Banquet from Di Peach Garden Preface": "The ancients held candles and went out at night, which was a good thing." At first, the poetic feeling seemed to be exhausted at this point, but in the end it was Angrily, he added two sentences: "An Neng is able to bend his eyebrows and bend his waist to serve the powerful, which makes me unhappy!" He vented the depression of Chang'an for three years. The pen that flew from the sky illuminates the theme of the whole poem: the yearning for the famous mountains and fairyland is born out of the struggle against the powerful. It sings the voice of many people who have never seen their talents in feudal society. In the hierarchical feudal society, how many people succumb to the powerful and how many are buried in obscurity! The Tang Dynasty was more enlightened than other dynasties and paid more attention to talents, but this was only in comparison. Talents at that time still couldn't get rid of the humiliating status of "the state of being a concubine".
The word "bending one's waist" came from Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He wrote "Returning to Come Back" because he was unwilling to endure humiliation. Although Li Bai was favored by the emperor, he was just a Ci minister. We can probably get some information from these two lines of poems about the humiliation he suffered in the court. The feudal monarch called himself the "Son of Heaven", ruled the world, and elevated himself to the supreme position, but he obliterated the dignity of all people. The decisive attitude expressed by Li Bai here is a glance of contempt for the feudal rulers. In feudal society, there were not many people who dared to think and say this. Li Bai said it and did it. This is what makes him extraordinary and great.
The content of this poem is rich, tortuous, bizarre, and changeable, and its images are brilliant, fluid, and colorful, which constitute the romantic and gorgeous sentiment of the whole poem. Its subjective intention was originally to promote the rather negative thought of "everything has flowed eastward since ancient times", but its style is high-spirited and unrestrained, with an unyielding spirit flowing through it without any depression. feeling.
Creative background
This poem was written after Li Bai came out of the Han Dynasty. It was written in the fourth year of Tianbao (745) and in the fifth year of Tianbao (746). In the third year of Tianbao reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (744), Li Bai was squeezed out by the powerful in Chang'an, was released from Beijing, and returned to his home in Donglu (in today's Shandong). Then embark on a wandering journey again. This poem describing a dream trip to Tianmu Mountain was probably written when Li Bai was about to leave Donglu and travel south to Wuyue.
Li Bai had the ambition to help the world in his early years, but he did not bother to enter the official career through the imperial examination. Therefore, he traveled around the country and made friends with celebrities to build his reputation.
In the first year of Tianbao (742) of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai's friend Taoist Wu Yun recommended Li Bai to Xuanzong, and Xuanzong summoned him to Chang'an. Li Bai had great hopes for this trip to Chang'an. In his farewell poem to his wife, "Farewell to the Expedition," he wrote: "If you wear the golden seal when you return, you will never see Su Qin not getting off the plane." When Li Bai first arrived in Chang'an, There was a brief period of pride, but he was proud and refused to join the ranks of the powerful. Because he offended the powerful and slandered his colleagues in the Hanlin Academy, even Xuanzong was dissatisfied with him. He only lived in Chang'an for more than a year before he was released with gold by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. His dream of being a commoner and becoming a prime minister was completely shattered. This was a big political failure for Li Bai. After leaving Chang'an, he traveled to Liang, Song, Qi, and Lu with Du Fu and Gao Shi, and lived in Donglu's home for a period of time. At this time, Donglu's home was already quite large, and he could spend his time at home enjoying himself and cultivating his character. But Li Bai didn't do this. He had an unstable soul and had higher and further pursuits, so he left his home in Donglu and embarked on a wandering journey again. This poem was written when he said goodbye to his friends in Donglu, so it was titled "Sleepwalking in Tianmu Mountain to Farewell the Dukes of Donglu".
About the author
Li Bai, a famous romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty, was born in the first year of Chang'an of Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty (701) and died in the first year of Zong Baoying of the Tang Dynasty (762). Taibai, also known as Qinglian Jushi, also known as "Exiled Immortal", was hailed as "Poetry Immortal" by later generations, and was also called "Li Du" with Du Fu.