[1] The early Tang Dynasty was the pioneering period of Tang poetry. In the early Tang Dynasty, the floating poetry style of Qi Liang was inherited, and palace poetry was popular. Wang Ji is a poet who can get rid of the floating poetic style of palace poems. He highly praised Tao Yuanming's life attitude and poetic style, mainly describing the landscape and personal life of the garden, and his poetic style was sparse. "Four outstanding poets in the early Tang Dynasty" refers to four poets: Yang Jiong, Lu and Luo. Their main contribution is to destroy and transform palace poems, formulate five laws and develop seven-character songs. Following the "Four Masters", the two poets who formed regular poems were Shen Yiqi and Song. Chen Ziang was the first writer who raised the banner of poetry innovation in the Tang Dynasty. He admired the ancient poems of Han and Wei dynasties and advocated "the style of Han and Wei dynasties" and "elegance". He took retro as innovation, swept away the floating poetic style of palace poems, revised the development direction of Tang poetry, and paved the way for the arrival of the peak of Tang poetry.
[2] Poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty represents the highest achievement of Tang poetry. The two schools of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty are the pastoral poetry school represented by Wang Wei and Meng Haoran and the frontier poetry school represented by Gao Shi and Cen Can. Wang Changling, William Wang, Wang Zhihuan, Li Qi, Cui Hao and other important poets of the Frontier Poetry School. Li Bai and Du Fu were two great poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and their poems represented the highest achievements of Tang poetry and even China's classical poetry. Zhang, He, Zhang Xu and Bao Rong are called "Wu Sizi".
[3] In the early Tang Dynasty, poetry creation was at a low point, and there was a scene of prosperity in the later period. Ten poets who enjoyed great fame in Tang Daizong during the Dali period were collectively called "Ten Talents in Dali Period". Yuan Jie and Gu Kuang in the early middle Tang Dynasty paid attention to reflecting people's livelihood, and they were transitional poets between the new Yuefu advocated by Du Fu and the new Yuefu movement headed by Bai Juyi. In the early middle Tang Dynasty, Liu Changqing and Wei were famous for their landscape poems, and they were another great master after Wang Wei and Meng Haoran. The frontier poems of Lu Lun and Li Yi are the latecomers of Gao Shi and Cen Can. The two major schools of poetry in the middle and late Tang Dynasty were the New Yuefu School and the Han Meng School. In the middle Tang Dynasty, a group of poets, represented by Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen, consciously carried forward Du Fu's realistic spirit, searched for poetry materials from the source of life, created a large number of Yuefu poems with new themes, used new languages and marked new poems, which set off the New Yuefu Movement. The backbone poets of the New Yuefu Movement are Zhang Ji, Wang Jian and Li Shen. Han Meng Poetry School and New Yuefu Poetry School appeared almost at the same time, represented by Han Yu and Meng Jiao respectively. They flaunt "Chen Yan Wu Qu", admire Gu Zhuo, seek adventure, avoid familiarity in art, and deliberately seek novelty because of difficulties, forming a peculiar style. In addition to the two major schools of poetry, outstanding poets include Liu Yuxi, Liu Zongyuan and Li He.
[4] The late Tang Dynasty is the period when the sunset of Tang poetry returns. The overall situation of the poetry world is a strong sentimental atmosphere and a prevailing carving atmosphere. Li Shangyin and Du Mu are very famous poets in the early late Tang Dynasty, and they are called "Little Du Li". They are also the most accomplished poets in the late Tang Dynasty. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, a group of poets, represented by Pi Rixiu, Nie and Du Xunhe, carried forward the creative spirit of the New Yuefu School in the middle Tang Dynasty and paid attention to reflecting people's livelihood, but their artistic achievements were not high.
Reasons: There are many reasons why Tang poetry can achieve such high achievements. The development and changes of feudal economy and politics have prompted great changes in the whole social life, thus opening up new sources and providing new materials for poetry creation. Tang poetry broke through the small circle in which most of the poems in the late Six Dynasties were confined to mysterious words, landscapes and palace styles, or described people's frustration and depression, and widely reflected social class contradictions and people's livelihood sufferings, government affairs and local turmoil, frontier wars and national customs, urban life and rural scenery, as well as ethics, family, love, marriage, businessmen and craftsmen. The breadth and depth of its generalization is unprecedented. The changes of feudal economy and politics pushed the poor families of ordinary people onto the historical stage. They became the most active force in political life and the main creative group of Tang poetry. Generally speaking, Buyi literati have a broad vision, and some of them have close contact and contact with working people because of their low social status and poor life, which is reflected in their poetry creation. The prosperity of Tang poetry is also closely related to the liberation of social thought in Tang dynasty. The rulers of the Tang Dynasty have certain confidence in their own rule, and at the same time they need to coordinate internal contradictions in order to facilitate long-term stability. Therefore, they adopted a relatively open and free policy in terms of ideological convenience, accommodating Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and sometimes allowing and encouraging people to criticize current politics. This has played a positive role in lifting the ideological shackles of contemporary people and promoting the free play of poetry creation. The prosperity of Tang poetry is also the product of the general prosperity of culture and art in Tang Dynasty. At that time, the relative popularization of culture and the expansion of the mass base of poetry brought new vitality to poetry creation. The full development of various literary and artistic forms in the Tang Dynasty also influenced poetry in many ways. The ancient prose movement, legendary novels, Buddhist stories and essays contributed to the special tendency of poetry after the middle Tang Dynasty, such as prose, storytelling and mystery. The rise of Qu Zi's Ci opened up a new realm for the late Tang Dynasty prose and Li's poetry, and the implementation of the poetry selection system will naturally have an impact on poetry. The great achievements of Tang literature are the result of the poet's criticism, inheritance and innovation of literary heritage in many aspects. The development of China's classical poetry has a history of more than 1,600 years from The Book of Songs to the Tang Dynasty. Tang poetry fully absorbs the rich creative experience of predecessors and embodies the style of Tang poetry. Of course, the poets in the Tang Dynasty did not blindly treat the literary heritage, but sublated it. In the early Tang Dynasty, several generations of poets struggled for a long time against the tendency of attaching importance to form and neglecting content in the poems of the Six Dynasties, especially the bad influence on the poems of Qi Liang and Chen Gong, and finally basically broke away from the old shackles and opened up a new situation. However, when denying and reforming the old ethos, we do not exclude useful writing skills; This is also an important reason why Tang poetry can stride beyond tradition.