In the fourth month of the summer, the great cauldron was taken from the Song Dynasty and placed in the temple, which was considered disrespectful. Explanation: In the fourth month of summer, Duke Huan of Lu obtained the Chuanguo Ding from the Song Dynasty, which originally belonged to the Gao Kingdom, and placed it in the Ancestral Temple. This was not in line with etiquette.
In the fourth month of the summer, the great cauldron was taken from the Song Dynasty and placed in the temple, which was considered disrespectful. Explanation: In the fourth month of summer, Duke Huan of Lu obtained the Chuanguo Ding from the Song Dynasty, which originally belonged to the Gao Kingdom, and placed it in the Ancestral Temple. This was not in line with etiquette. Title of the poem: "Zang Ai Bo admonishes Gao Ding". Real name: Zuo Qiuming. Era: Pre-Qin. Birthplace: Junzhuang, the capital of the State of Lu (now Feicheng, Shandong). Main works: "The Debate on Cao GUI", "Zhu Zhiwu Retreats the Qin Army", "Zheng Burke Duan Yu Yan/Doing More Unrighteousness Will Destroy Yourself", "Confrontation between Zhou and Zheng", "Shi_Admonishing Favoring Zhouxu", etc. Main achievements: authored the chronological history book "Zuo Zhuan" and China's first national style history book "Guoyu". Belief: Confucianism.
We provide you with a detailed introduction to "Taking Gao Ding from the Song Dynasty" from the following aspects:
1. For the full text of "Zang Aibo Admonished Gao Ding", click here to view " The details of "Zang Ai Bo admonished Gao Ding to be accepted"
In the fourth month of summer, he took the Gao Ding to the Song Dynasty.
It was impolite to accept it in a big temple.
Zang Aibo admonished and said: "As a ruler,
defeat your virtues and block them, so as to illuminate all officials;
If you are still afraid of losing them, Therefore, Zhao Ling's virtue is used to show his descendants.
The huts in the temple are clear, and the mats are crossed on the road.
There is no big soup and no rice to eat. Jianye; Gunmianfu_,
With a robe and a stiletto, balancing___,
Zhao Qiduye; Zao rate__,
Li Youying , to show the number;
The fire dragon's fur is to show the writing;
The five colors compare to the image, to show the object;
_Luan and bell, Zhao Qi's sound also;
Three Chen_Flags, Zhao Qi Ming also.
The husband's virtue is thrifty and moderate.
There are many cultural relics to record.
The officials will be warned and fearful, and they will not dare to change the discipline.
Now the moral integrity is destroyed. If he violates the rules and puts them in a big temple,
it will be a clear warning to all the officials.
How can he punish the country?
< p>The official is evil; the official has lost his virtue.He favors Zhang Ye. Gao Ding is in the temple.
Who is Zhang? King Wu defeated Shang.
< p>Moving Jiuding to Luoyi, the righteous people may not be able to do it.What's wrong with the bribery of the Zhao Dynasty in the big temple?
"The public refused to listen.
2. Appreciation
The central content of "Zang Ai Bo Admonished the Gao Ding" is that Zang Ai Bo criticized Lu Huan Gong for "taking the Gao Ding from the Song Dynasty" and "accepting it in the big temple" Something "indecent". So, what exactly is etiquette? The scope of etiquette is extremely broad and the content is extremely complex, but in a nutshell, it is what the commentary of the book "Zheng Zhuanggong Prescribes Orders to Ministers" says: "Etiquette governs the country and determines the country. "To order the people and benefit the heirs." If we use the historical essence of etiquette today, it is the social norms, moral norms and behavioral norms under the aristocratic hierarchy of slave society and feudal society. It regulates and restricts. The thoughts, words and deeds of all members of society from the emperor down to the common people. Therefore, Confucius, who deleted the "Spring and Autumn Annals", said: "If you don't learn etiquette, you can't stand up" ("The Analects of Confucius, Ji Shi"); a gentleman "makes an appointment with etiquette" (The Analects of Confucius, Yong Ye)); "Tao is based on virtue, "To maintain harmony with etiquette" ("The Analects of Confucius: Governance"); "To serve the country with etiquette" ("The Analects of Confucius: Advanced"); "To restrain oneself and restore etiquette is benevolence" ("The Analects of Confucius"); "Listen, don't say anything that's not propriety, don't do anything that's not propriety" ("The Analects of Confucius·Yan Yuan") Combining the ancient and modern definitions of etiquette and Confucius's remarks about etiquette, it is not difficult to understand why Zang Aibo, as a doctor of Lu, insisted on risking his anger. At the risk of Duke Huan of Lu, he "issued" this remonstrance to him; it is not difficult to understand that "Zang Ai Bo Admonished to Accept Gao Ding" at the beginning said that Duke Huan of Lu "took Gao Ding from Song Dynasty and put it in the big temple, which is not polite." "Yes.
In this remonstrance, Zang Aibo did not first say what was wrong with Duke Huan of Lu's "taking the great cauldron from the Song Dynasty and keeping it in the temple." Instead, he used the power of building a strategic foundation to first put forward the idea that "the emperor The most fundamental social responsibility of "the ruler" is to "show virtue and prevent violations, and to enlighten all officials"; then from the perspective of etiquette, seven parallel sentences are used in succession, from seven aspects, namely "showing one's frugality", "showing one's frugality" "Zhao Qi", "Zhao Qi Shu", "Zhao Qi Wen", "Zhao Qi Wu", "Zhao Qi Sheng", "Zhao Qi Ming", to clarify how the monarch embodies and implements this fundamental social responsibility; then, Yan Feng After a sudden turn, it came to the matter of Duke Huan's "accepting the Gaoding", which "destroyed morality and established violation". After pointing out the bad consequences that this incident will inevitably lead to, he also used the historical lesson that King Wu of Zhou Dynasty moved the Nine Cauldrons to Luoyi after conquering Shang, which attracted criticism from "righteous men", to warn Duke Huan of Lu that he must clearly understand this kind of "destruction of morality". The harmfulness of wrong actions. This remonstrance is not only clear, layered, rigorously structured, and has strong logical ability, but also has a particularly grand momentum and strong artistic appeal. As for the remonstrance using a fu technique that was developed only in later generations, and describing a large number of specific things that are quite unfamiliar to us today, this is also the need of writing, because these things are closely related to the regulations and systems of the time.
It should also be pointed out that any culture will form many thick or thin layers of sediment during its development, and each layer of sediment will be more or less marked with its era. brand. Therefore, when reading and appreciating this article, we must also examine it from the standpoint of historical materialism, analyze and understand it with the epistemology of dialectical materialism, abandon its "feudal dross" and absorb its "democratic essence" . It can be said with certainty that "the ruler will block the violation of his virtues and use them to illuminate all the officials." "The failure of the country is due to the evil officials; the failure of the officials is due to favors and bribes." Until today, its " "Rational core" also has a very good warning and warning effect.
3. Commentary
The central content of "Zang Aibo Admonished the Gao Ding" is that Zang Aibo criticized Duke Huan of Lu for "taking the Gao Ding from the Song Dynasty" and "accepting it in the big temple" Something "indecent". So, what exactly is etiquette? The scope of etiquette is extremely broad and the content is extremely complex, but in a nutshell, it is what the commentary of the book "Zheng Zhuanggong Prescribes Orders to Ministers" says: "Etiquette governs the country and determines the country. "To order the people and benefit the heirs." If we use the historical essence of etiquette today, it is the social norms, moral norms and behavioral norms under the aristocratic hierarchy of slave society and feudal society. It regulates and restricts. The thoughts, words and deeds of all members of society from the emperor down to the common people. Therefore, Confucius, who deleted the "Spring and Autumn Annals", said: "If you don't learn etiquette, you can't stand up" ("The Analects of Confucius, Ji Shi"); a gentleman "makes an appointment with etiquette" (The Analects of Confucius, Yong Ye)); "Tao is based on virtue, "To maintain harmony with etiquette" ("The Analects of Confucius: Governance"); "To serve the country with etiquette" ("The Analects of Confucius: Advanced"); "To restrain oneself and restore etiquette is benevolence" ("The Analects of Confucius"); "Listen, don't say anything that's not propriety, don't do anything that's not propriety" ("The Analects of Confucius·Yan Yuan") Combining the ancient and modern definitions of etiquette and Confucius's remarks about etiquette, it is not difficult to understand why Zang Aibo, as a doctor of Lu, insisted on risking his anger. At the risk of Duke Huan of Lu, he "issued" this remonstrance to him; it is not difficult to understand that "Zang Ai Bo Admonished to Accept Gao Ding" at the beginning said that Duke Huan of Lu "took Gao Ding from Song Dynasty and put it in the big temple, which is not polite." "Yes.
In this remonstrance, Zang Aibo did not first say what was wrong with Duke Huan of Lu's "taking the great cauldron from the Song Dynasty and keeping it in the temple." Instead, he used the power of building a strategic foundation to first put forward the idea that "the emperor The most fundamental social responsibility of "the ruler" is to "show virtue and prevent violations, and to enlighten all officials"; then from the perspective of etiquette, seven parallel sentences are used in succession, from seven aspects, namely "showing one's frugality", "showing one's frugality" "Zhao Qi", "Zhao Qi Shu", "Zhao Qi Wen", "Zhao Qi Wu", "Zhao Qi Sheng", "Zhao Qi Ming", to clarify how the monarch embodies and implements this fundamental social responsibility; then, Yan Feng After a sudden turn, it came to the matter of Duke Huan's "accepting the Gaoding", which "destroyed morality and established violation". After pointing out the bad consequences that this incident will inevitably lead to, he also used the historical lesson that King Wu of Zhou Dynasty moved the Nine Cauldrons to Luoyi after conquering Shang, which attracted criticism from "righteous men", to warn Duke Huan of Lu that he must clearly understand this kind of "destruction of morality". The harmfulness of wrong actions. This remonstrance is not only clear, layered, rigorously structured, and has strong logical ability, but also has a particularly grand momentum and strong artistic appeal. As for the remonstrance using a fu technique that was developed only in later generations, and describing a large number of specific things that are quite unfamiliar to us today, this is also the need of writing, because these things are closely related to the regulations and systems of the time.
It should also be pointed out that any culture will form many thick or thin layers of sediment during its development, and each layer of sediment will be more or less marked with its era. brand. Therefore, when reading and appreciating this article, we must also examine it from the standpoint of historical materialism, analyze and understand it with the epistemology of dialectical materialism, abandon its "feudal dross" and absorb its "democratic essence" . It can be said with certainty that "the ruler will block the violation of his virtues and use them to illuminate all the officials." "The failure of the country is due to the evil officials; the failure of the officials is due to favors and bribes." Until today, its " "Rational core" also has a very good warning and warning effect.
4. Translation
In the fourth month of summer, it was not polite to take the great cauldron from the Song Dynasty and put it in the temple.
In the fourth month of summer, Duke Huan of Lu obtained the legendary tripod from the Song Dynasty that originally belonged to the Gao Kingdom and placed it in the Ancestral Temple. This was not in line with etiquette.
Zang Aibo admonished and said: "The emperor will show his virtue and block the violation, so as to illuminate all the officials. However, he is afraid that he may lose it, so he will show his virtue to his descendants. Therefore, the huts in the temple are cleared. The road is full of mats, and there is no big soup, and the rice is not cut, which shows its frugality; the man wears the embroidery, wears the robe, and weighs the ___, which shows his degree; The fire dragon and its fur show its writing; the five colors resemble the image and show its objects; the luan and the bell show its sound; the three-chen and flag show its brightness. To discipline it, to declare it, and to show it to all officials. The officials are therefore wary and do not dare to change the discipline. Now they destroy the morals and set up violations, so they put the bribes in the temple to show the officials clearly. So, how can he be punished? The defeat of the country is due to the evil officials; the officials are unworthy and favor the emperor. Gao Ding is in the temple, who is the emperor? King Wu conquered the merchants and moved Jiuding to Luoyi, but there were still righteous men. If not, what will happen if the weapons of disobedience are revealed to the temple?
Zang Aibo advised Duke Huan: "A person who is the ruler of the people must promote virtue and block the violations of etiquette so as to monitor the officials. In this way, he is still afraid of having shortcomings and showing all kinds of things. Virtue is passed down to future generations.
Therefore, the quiet and solemn Ancestral Temple uses thatch as its roof, the car used for worshiping heaven and earth uses straw mats as mats, the gravy used for sacrifices does not need to be mixed with five spices, and the millet, cakes and other sacrifices do not use fine rice that has been pounded. These are all to show frugality. Sacrificial attire, ceremonial crowns, knee-coverings, dagui, belts, skirts, leggings, boots, horizontal hairpins on the crown, stuffing ropes beside the crown, belts for tying the crown, and covers on the top of the crown are all used to show rank. difference. Jade mats, knife ornaments, leather belts, belt tassels, streamers on flags, and leather belts on horse necks are all used to show the difference in quantity. There are fire-shaped, dragon-shaped, axe-shaped, bow-shaped and other patterns on the dress. These are to show the difference in color. Use five colors to draw various images to decorate utensils and clothing, which is to show the difference in material selection. Horse bells, big and small cart bells, and flag bells are to show the rhythm of the sound, and the sun, moon, and stars painted on the flags are to show the light. The so-called virtue is to be frugal and lawful. The increase and decrease of things must be in a certain amount, and marked with patterns and colors, and expressed with sounds and lights. In this way, the officials can be monitored, and then the officials will be alert and fearful instead of fearful. Dare to violate the law. Now the king destroys virtue, sets a bad example of violating etiquette, and places the treasures bribed by other countries in the imperial temple, so as to clearly show to all officials. All the officials followed suit, so how could the king punish them? The country's decline is due to officials not following the right path. The loss of moral character among officials is due to the favor of the king and the prevalence of bribery. Gao Ding was placed in the Ancestral Temple of Lu State. Is there any more open bribe than this? King Wu defeated the Yin Shang Dynasty and moved the Jiuding to the royal city. There were still some righteous people who criticized him, let alone placing a bribery weapon that was a symbol of violation of etiquette and rebellion in the Ancestral Temple. " Duke Huan didn't listen.
(The historian of the Zhou Dynasty heard about it and said: "Zang Sunda has a descendant in Lu! The king disobeyed and did not forget to remonstrate with virtue.").
(The internal history of the Zhou Dynasty heard about this and said: "Zang Sunda's descendants will probably enjoy the honors and honors in the Lu Kingdom for generations! The king violated etiquette, but he did not forget to use virtue to persuade him.")
5 , Notes
Gao: The name of the country, the surname Ji, the founder of the country was a concubine of King Wen of Zhou, who was destroyed by the Song Dynasty in the Spring and Autumn Period, and his hometown is in the southeast of Chengwu County, Shandong today.
Ding: a cooking utensil in ancient times, and because it was often used as a ritual vessel to record achievements, it was also regarded as a national treasure. Its shape is generally three legs and two ears.
Song Dynasty: Name of the country. In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was one of the twelve princes. The founding king was Weizi, the concubine brother of King Zhou of Yin. It was located in the eastern part of present-day Henan and the three provinces of Shandong, Jiangsu and Anhui.
Damiao: that is, Taimiao. The ancestral temple of the emperor or the prince.
Lingzhao: management and supervision.
Lingde: virtue. /p>
Qingmiao: It is the ancestral temple, so it is called because of its solemnity and tranquility.
Dalu: also called "big chariot", which refers to the emperor or the king of the princes when they worship heaven. The car you ride on.
Yue Xi: a mat woven with cattail grass. , the gravy used in ancient sacrifices.
Buzhi: refers to the five flavors and does not add various seasonings.
Sikes: cakes made from millet processed products, used for sacrifices. Used as offerings. Rice, millet and millet generally refers to grains.
Buchi: not pounded, here refers to not finely processed.
Gun: worn by ancient emperors and ministers when offering sacrifices to the ancestral temple.
Mian: a hat worn by emperors, ministers, and princes in ancient times. p>
_: The jade banquet held by ancient emperors and ministers when they met in the court.
Belt: refers to the leather belt tied around the waist. < /p>
Shang: A skirt-like undergarment worn by men and women in ancient times.
Piece: A strip of silk or cloth wrapped diagonally around the calf from foot to knee, just like leggings today.
p>
舄: double-soled shoes with a wooden sole on the ground. This generally refers to shoes.
Heng: the horizontal hairpin that stabilizes the crown on the bun.
_: The straps hanging on both sides of the hat in ancient times to hang jade (tián) for ear plugs.
_: The straps used to tie the crown under the chin. Use _ to hold the hairpin and tie it to both ends of the hairpin. It is a rectangular ornament covering the crown in ancient times, with a wooden board as the stem (ɡàn) and a black cloth cover.
: A wooden mat used to hold jade, covered with cooked leather and painted with algae-shaped patterns.
_: Sword sheath.
_: An accessory for a sword scabbard.
_: Gentleman's belt, also known as "big belt", is used to tie clothes.
Li: The big drooping belt. It is a word that refers to a leather belt and the hanging part of the belt. A hanging ornament on an ancient flag. The leather belt that is put on the horse's chest, that is, the horse martingale.
Number: Etiquette. They are all patterns embroidered on ancient dresses. Those in the shape of fire are called "fire", those in the shape of dragon are called "dragon", the black and white ones in the shape of an ax are called "黼", and the black and green ones in the shape of "Ya" are called "综". "embroidery". Refers to the five colors of green, red, yellow, white and black. Refers to various images drawn by comparison with all things in the world. They are all bells tied to carriages, horses and flags. The bells tied to the horse's forehead are called "_", the ones tied to the horse's bit are called "鸾", and the bells tied to the crossbar used as handrails in front of the cart are called "和". The bell tied to the end of the flag pole with a dragon-shaped pattern is called a "bell". Refers to the sun, moon, and stars.
The flag has a dragon-shaped pattern painted on it and a small bell tied to the pole. increase or decrease. Ascending means increasing, descending means decreasing. Refers to moderation and moderation. (Pay attention to the difference in meaning between the word "number" here and the word "number" in the sentence "Zhao Qishuye" above. The same as "image", French style, style, here it means role model.
< p>Zhang: Obviously. It has the same meaning as "Zhang" in the sentence "Zhang Who Shi Yan" below.Jiuding: It is said that it was cast by Xia Yu and used to symbolize the capital of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. It is regarded as a symbol of political power and a national treasure.
Luoyi: also called "Luoyi", it is the capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. According to legend, it was built by Zhou Gong Ji Dan after King Wu of Zhou conquered Shang. Its hometown is shown in "Zhou". Explanation of the article "Zheng Jiaozhi"
6. Other poems by Zuo Qiuming
"Cao GUI's Discussion", "Jian Shu Cries for the Master", "Zhu Zhiwu Retreats the Qin Master", and "Zheng Burke". Duan Yuyan/Doing too much injustice will lead to death", "Conversation between Zhou and Zheng" Poems of the same dynasty
"Song of Caiwei", "The First Month of the Spring King", "Song People and Chu People Ping". ", "Wu Zi envoy Zha came to recruit", "Yu Shi Jin Shi destroyed Xia Yang", "Zheng Beke Duan Yu Yan", "Zeng Shen cooked pigs", "Zhi Zi suspected his neighbor", "Shi Kuang collided with Jin Ping Gong", "Indiscriminate Yu is used as a number" .
Click here to view more detailed information about Zang Ai Bo Jian Na Gao Ding