In the car, I saw that the new forest was very prosperous·He Xun
Jingu was full of tourists, and Qingmen had many crowns.
Watching the line across the forest, I went down to the hillside to listen to the music.
Spring has not yet rested, and the wheat air has become clear and peaceful.
Returning to Pingyuan Trail, you can find narrow alleys.
This is a farewell scene that the poet encountered unexpectedly while driving. It is located in Xinlin, southwest of Jiankang (now Nanjing), in late spring.
In the short journey of life, the farewell between relatives and friends is probably the most affecting people's sorrow and sadness. Therefore, Jiang Yan, a contemporary of the poet, once lamented that "those who are in ecstasy can only say goodbye" ("Farewell"). However, "Although we are one thread apart, our affairs are related to all races." Due to the different status and circumstances of people, as well as the different reasons for separation, the farewell scenes will have different colors that may be prosperous and warm, or lonely and desolate.
What the poet encounters this time is undoubtedly the difference between officials and officials in the world of wealth and honor. The grandeur of the scene immediately reminded the poet of several famous farewells in history: "Jingu is full of guests and tourists, and Qingmen is full of crowns." "Jingu" refers to the garden built by Shi Chong of the Western Jin Dynasty in the Jingu stream northwest of Luoyang. According to historical records, Shi worshiped the imperial servant, served as a general to conquer the captives, and supervised the military affairs in Xuzhou during the holidays. At that time, "all the people who sent it were all here to drink in the tent", and the scene was extremely grand. "Qingmen" refers to the southeast gate of Chang'an, also known as "Dongdu Gate". According to the "Book of Han", the prince Taifu Shuguang of the Han Dynasty "begged to return home in old age", and the official and old friend Yizi "provided his tent outside the gate of Dongdu", and "hundreds of carriages sent him off", which was really a spectacle. These two lines of allusion, from the poet's point of view, are nothing more than to exaggerate the prosperity of the "guests" and "capacities" seen in farewell. However, judging from the artistic effect, it seems to also express a momentary hallucination: in a trance, the poet does not seem to be in the new forest car, but in the prosperous Jingu Garden and outside the Dongdu Gate; time also seems not to be there. In the Liang Dynasty, we went back to the Han and Jin Dynasties hundreds of years ago, and saw the farewell scene of Shu Guang resigning from Beijing and Shi Chong leaving the town. The intricate reversal of time and space, and the overlapping of modern and ancient times, create a wonderful realm that seems both real and illusory.
If the poet is also a participant in this farewell, will it inevitably arouse the emotional fluctuations of the departing relatives and friends? Fortunately, he was just a bystander "in the car" and was at a distance from the farewell crowd, so he could maintain a detached and indifferent attitude of watching. The two sentences "Looking at the journey through the forest and listening to the singing of the song at the foot of the mountain" further describe the grace and magnificence of the riding car in the eyes of the poet. One, refers to the curtain in front of the car. According to the "Book of Sui Dynasty: Etiquette Chronicles", this kind of Shi Yi's chariot can only be "ridden by princes and princes, and those who are above the fifth rank". If you are below the sixth grade, you can "ride a cart by yourself, and you are not allowed to set one up." "Ke" refers to the jade, white mirage, gold and silver that are decorated on the horse's bridle. If you are not a wealthy person, you may not be able to ride the "Ming Ke" horse. Most of the people bidding farewell this time were prominent characters. Therefore, although the poet is separated from the woods, he can still see the shadow of the carriages connected by the curtains; already far away, he can still hear the sound of the carriages and horses "going down the slope". The predecessors once praised the sentence in Bai Juyi's "The Banquet" "The music returns to the courtyard, the stirrup fire goes down to the terrace", which is a common word that describes the atmosphere of wealth and no heaps of gold or silver. He Xun's poem also only touches on the words "Xing Yi" and "Ming Ke", which not only makes the graceful and magnificent scene of the farewell rider appear immediately, but also implies a kind of "in the car", "looking", " "Listen" to the sense of distance. It is both to the point and very light in writing.
At this point in the whole poem, the scene of "extreme separation" has been described. The poet still felt that it was not enough, and then pushed the camera away to highlight this "farewell" from a wider time and space: "The spring has not stopped yet, and the wheat air has begun to become clear." If it were a boring summer day, the unbearable sight of men and horses sweating might not arouse much interest. This farewell happened to be in late spring, and it was in the beautiful green fields. Looking around is a lush countryside, and the fresh smell of new wheat floats in the air. One can't help but envy how leisurely these princes and nobles saw them off, taking up all the beautiful spring scenery! In contrast, the common people and ordinary people living in the poor alleys have neither power nor money. How much can they see and greet friends? "When you return to the plain path, you can open up the narrow alleys." The poem ends with a deep sigh, describing the deserted scene that the poet saw when he drove into the ordinary alleys. It seems puzzling that after the prosperous and gorgeous farewell scene, it suddenly ends with the desolate scene of "meaning alley". But judging from the word "huan" in the poem, this back alley is probably where the poet lives. In this way, the poet's sigh does not come from nothing, but contains the silent sadness and indignation of the harsh world and wandering life. Then the whole poem is recited, and the reader can vaguely see the poet's lonely figure standing around from the thick brush rendering of "the difference between what is seen in the car".
In other words, this poem actually expresses the poet's sadness and emotion when he is in a poor alley. But when I started writing, it was purely based on what I saw as "the new forest is very different", and it was not until the end that it came down to itself. This is unique in lyric poetry.
Judging from the situation revealed in the poem, could this poem be written when He Xun was frustrated in his early years while living in Jiankang?