The flowers in the basket smell good. Listen to me sing. Came to Nanniwan, a good place in Nanniwan. Good scenery comes from good places, good scenery comes from good places, crops are everywhere, and cattle and sheep are everywhere.
In previous years, Nanniwan was barren hills and nobody was there. Today's Nanniwan is different from previous years. Today's Nanniwan, unlike previous years, is no longer the old look, but the northern Shaanxi is better than the south of the Yangtze River.
The south of northern Shaanxi is full of flowers. Learn Nanniwan, and Jiangnan is everywhere. Fighting and production, the 359th Brigade is a model. Let's go forward and send flowers to the model. ...
Nanniwan is a song sung by people for more than 60 years, and it is one of the 34 episodes of Dongfanghong, the first large-scale song and dance work that comprehensively reflects the revolutionary history of China after the founding of the People's Republic of China. So, how did this well-known classic folk song come into being in China?
Nanniwan in Wang Zhen Reclamation Area
After the Japanese invaders occupied Wuhan, they changed their strategy of invading China, gradually transferred their main military forces to the anti-Japanese base areas led by the Communist Party of China (CPC), and implemented the policy of "three lights" (burning, killing and looting) that destroyed humanity. The Kuomintang also passively resisted Japan, actively opposed * * *, undermined the anti-Japanese national United front, surrounded and blocked the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region and the anti-Japanese base areas, and stopped the military spending of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army. North China and other places suffered natural disasters year after year, resulting in financial and economic difficulties in the entire anti-Japanese base areas, the supply of troops was on the verge of being cut off, and life was in trouble.
In order to support the long-term Anti-Japanese War and defeat the Japanese invaders, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a production mobilization meeting in Yan 'an on February 1939. President Mao Zedong called on the soldiers and civilians in the Shensi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region to "do it yourself and have plenty of food and clothing" and asked the troops to participate in the production movement without interfering with the operation. Subsequently, the Central Military Commission issued the "Instructions on Launching Production Movement" to the whole army.
The 359th Brigade of the Eighth Route Army120th Division, which was transferred from North China to the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region to defend the Party Central Committee and the Border Region, actively responded to the above call and instructions. /kloc-at the end of 0/940, he entered Nanniwan, which is located 45km southeast of Yan 'an City and hundreds of miles away from Fiona Fang, to reclaim land and save himself.
At the beginning of Nanniwan reclamation, Brigadier General Wang Zhen paid great attention to the reasonable arrangement of production according to the terrain. Each department of the 359 brigade either cultivates land, burns charcoal and cooks salt, raises pigs and sheep, or weaves and spins. The officers and men of the whole brigade shouted the slogan of "one shot at a time, self-sufficient in production and defending the Party Central Committee", and everyone from brigade commander to cook participated in the production.
Without a house to live in, the soldiers set up simple tents with branches and weeds and camped in the deep Shan Ye Valley; If there is no food, you will travel hundreds of miles to carry it; If you have nothing to eat, dig wild vegetables and beat wild animals; If you don't have tools, just pick up shrapnel, saw the tracks and strike the iron yourself. In the fierce competition of land reclamation, the record of land reclamation has been constantly refreshed, and some soldiers have cultivated as many as 4.7 A Mu days, far exceeding the stipulated labor index per person per day.
At the same time, the 359 brigade also set up an industry and wool mill in Nanniwan, and the woolen cloth produced was very popular.
In order to fully mobilize the labor enthusiasm of the officers and men of the whole brigade, Comrade Wang Zhen vigorously promoted the reward system in Nanniwan. The system stipulates that if the production index is good, both public and private interests should be taken into account, and dividends should be paid in proportion to obtain excess bonuses. He also set up a joint-stock cooperative, in which all officers and men took shares and paid dividends.
At that time, Wang Zhen was the brigade commander and political commissar of the 359th Brigade, and also the leader of the Yan 'an Army Division and the Yan 'an prefectural party committee. He is very busy, but he always takes time to take part in the land reclamation work, and sets a good example for the officers and men of the whole brigade with his exemplary behavior. A foreign reporter who went to Nanniwan to interview sincerely praised: "Wang's hands are as calloused as his subordinates because of labor."
In the hard struggle of all the officers and men of the 359th Brigade, Nanniwan has completely changed its face. 194 1 year, the brigade cultivates 1. 1.2 million mu, and harvests more than 320,000 kilograms of flour and rice and 0/.64 million kilograms of vegetables, and raises 20 pigs per 100 people every month, with a self-sufficiency rate of 78.5%. By the autumn of 1943, the 359 brigade "not a grain, an inch of cloth and a penny from the government" returned about mangoku to the government of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region, breaking the economic blockade of the Kuomintang.
At the Gao Qian meeting of Northwest Bureau held at the beginning of 1943, President Mao Zedong wrote an inscription in recognition of 22 production heroes, including 4 cadres above the 359th Brigade, and Wang Zhen ranked first. There are three winners, and the 359 brigade ranks first.
Chairman Mao's inscription to Wang Zhen was "Creativity" and the inscription to the 359 Brigade was "Production Model". Therefore, Liberation Daily published an editorial "Actively Promoting Nanniwan Policy", calling on the troops in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region to build their own "Nanniwan".
The 359 Brigade established the glorious banner of the great production movement with its excellent achievements in developing Nanniwan, and its experience was quickly extended to the anti-Japanese base areas.
He Jingzhi wrote Nanniwan.
Since 1942, the earth-shaking changes in Nanniwan have strongly attracted many celebrities, who have come to visit in an endless stream and written many poems. Fan Ting, a famous patriotic general, wrote more than 20 poems about Nanniwan, Xiaosan's I came to Nanniwan twice, and He Qifang's prose Remember General Wang Zhen all highly praised Nanniwan's reclamation achievements.
From 65438 to 0943, the military and civilian mass production movement in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region gradually reached its climax, and the 359 Brigade became famous as a "production model" in the border region. This year, Yan 'an military and civilians carefully organized condolences and brought cultural programs to Nanniwan to comfort all the officers and men of the 359 Brigade. When the Yangko Team of Lu Xun Art College in Yan 'an was in charge of preparing cultural programs, some people thought it was necessary to rehearse a program related to the 359 Brigade.
After some hard thinking, the creative staff finally conceived a yangko called "picking flower baskets", in which eight actresses picked eight pairs of flower baskets and performed on the stage with the intermission. The last lyric of the interlude is called Nanniwan. After receiving the task of writing lyrics for this episode, the poet He Jingzhi, combined with his deep understanding and experience of the mass production movement of the soldiers and civilians in the border region, especially the reclamation of Nanniwan by the 359th Brigade, fully brewed and wrote the lyrics in one go. Kyle used the mode of folk songs in northern Shaanxi to compose music for him.
Yangko "Flower Basket" was deeply loved by all officers and men of the 359th Brigade in Nanniwan condolence performance. Wang Zhen happily stepped onto the stage, shook hands with the performers and took a group photo as a souvenir. The song "Nanniwan" was born.
Later, with the tour of Flower Basket in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, especially after Guo sang, this song quickly became popular in the border region and spread all over the country. And the artistic life of a generation of famous singer Guo began.
[Editor: tomatofeng]