1 methods of taking notes in primary school Chinese
When reading your own book, you can always draw lines or make various symbols at the key points, difficulties and highlights of the book. Such as straight lines, double lines, circles, black dots, crosses, arrows, curves, boxes, question marks, exclamation marks and so on. Some intensive reading books can also be distinguished by different color stroke lines.
For example, draw red lines under important lines, draw blue lines under difficult lines and so on. Every line and every symbol represents yourself.
When reading the comment notes, write down your own opinions or experiences in the blanks such as "up" and "down" at any time. The advantage of doing this is that it is easy to attract attention when reading in the future, and it is also a flexible and simple form of reading notes. Jin Shengtan's comments on Water Margin and Mao Zonggang's comments on Romance of the Three Kingdoms in Qing Dynasty belong to this kind of reading notes.
Extracted notes can be extracted from notebooks or cards. Stationery stores sell abstract cards. You can also make it yourself. The paper should be hard. A card usually has the title, category, author, title, issue, content summary and so on. A card only extracts one kind of content.
When a considerable number of cards are accumulated, they will be classified according to different categories (such as aphorisms, scenery descriptions, character descriptions, etc.). ) Easy to use. When you extract, be careful not to take it out of context, and don't change the words and punctuation of the original text.
Write a summary of the article with outline notes, try to grasp the key points and summarize the basic content. Words must be concise, but be careful not to write your own opinions and feelings. Outline notes will be very helpful for the use of information in future writing.
After reading a book or an article, write the most profound and meaningful part of your experience in notes, which can be in various forms. You can also write the outline notes together with your experience notes. Taking notes is a good reading method. You don't have to stick to a fixed form to take notes. For example, you can analyze the writing characteristics of the work and your experience.
It is a good reading method that many people have experienced and summarized, and it is also a very important basic training method to improve writing ability. I hope you can learn from your eyes, your mouth, your heart, your hands and your brain in the future.
2 primary school Chinese note-taking methods
First, preparation for writing reading notes
1, be familiar with the original text, which is the basis for writing reading notes.
Without this foundation, it is impossible to write reading notes, even the simplest excerpts, because without reading the original text, even the wonderful words and phrases in the original text can not be found, let alone other advanced writing methods.
2, tool-assisted, mind map can play a great role.
When reading a short passage, simple and familiar reading can also cope. Then, if children start to try to read long and great books, then this method is not very effective, so we should use our recommended mind map. Mind mapping is a visual thinking tool, which can help students visualize the cognitive process of thinking in a graphical way.
Second, how to write reading notes
Next, let's talk about the five forms of reading notes just listed in detail.
1, extract reading notes
Excerpted reading notes are to accurately copy sentences and paragraphs related to your own problems according to the original text when reading. After extracting the original text, the source should be indicated, including the title, author, publishing unit, publication date, page number, etc. For reference and verification. Abstraction should be selective, and whether it is useful or not should be taken as the standard of abstraction.
The extracted notes can be divided into:
(1) index reading notes
Index reading notes are notes that only record the title and source of an article. Such as book title, author, publication date, library. If it is a book, you should remember the book, chapters and sections. If it is a periodical, remember the issue number, and the newspaper should remember the year, month, day and page for future reference. For example, Jin Bo, the author of Lighting the Little Orange Lamp, wrote it to young readers when his grandfather was 80 years old.
(2) Transcribe the original reading notes
Copying the original text of reading notes means copying the wonderful sentences and paragraphs related to your own study and research in books and periodicals as the original materials for future application. To extract the original text, write down the classification theme and indicate the source after the quotation. For example, the autumn wind is like a comb from the blue magpie. One night, all the leaves on the tree were combed off, and those books looked much thinner. "
2. Summarize reading notes and abbreviations.
An outline describes the arguments and arguments of a book or an article in the form of an outline. The outline can briefly write the main contents according to the chapters and paragraphs of the original text. Outline reading notes can be written by combining the original sentence with your own language.
Of course, this kind of writing will become very simple after children master the tool of mind mapping. Because no matter what kind of writing, the fundamental thing is that you have mastered the original text and can extract the key content.
3. Read your notes carefully.
Learning to read notes is a kind of notes to write your own knowledge, feelings, experiences, feelings and gains after reading. Learning notes is also called post-reading. Write down your experiences, feelings and gains after reading. These reading notes can be used to write the experience of reading, and also to write the development of some arguments in the original text or to put forward different opinions. Writing this kind of notes is generally based on your own language, and you can also quote the original text appropriately.
This writing is accompanied by the growth of children, not only in primary schools, but also in the college entrance examination propositions for several years.
4. Imitation notes
This kind of reading notes is difficult, and it is not recommended for middle and lower grade students to get involved too early. But for the good sentences that appear in the article, you can imitate them appropriately.
Three methods of taking notes in primary school Chinese
First, the method of taking notes in primary school Chinese
1. Preview before class
Before learning a new lesson, students should preview and record what they have learned and the problems they can't solve in the middle and right parts of Chinese notes respectively. Words and phrases that can be solved by consulting reference books are all completed at this time, which is one of the three major components of Chinese notes.
2. Class notes
This is the most important part of Chinese notes. In Chinese class, students should take notes while listening to the class, record the newly learned contents in the middle column, and record the contents that were not accurately understood during preview and can be corrected now in the remarks column on the right.
At this time, we should pay attention to two points: first, the teacher should not talk, the students should listen, remember after class or the teacher should write what he wants to remember on the blackboard, and the students should copy it; Second, students can't write down everything the teacher says. On the basis of understanding, they should listen and think, summarize the main points, summarize them into key sentences or words, and then write them down in Chinese notes, as long as the meaning is right.
At the beginning of training, the teacher should speak slowly what needs to be memorized, and repeat long sentences and key points once or twice. Teachers should write down key words, coinage, homophones and confusing and error-prone words on the blackboard to prevent students from making mistakes.
Consolidation after class
After the Chinese class, students should sort out their notes, remember the problems that have been solved in the text, make up the missing parts, and record their experiences in a general way. Good words and sentences in the article can also be extracted according to your own interests. Through the arrangement and review after class, students' understanding of the content has deepened and their understanding has sublimated.
The content to be remembered after class also includes some exercises at the back of the textbook, such as words to be copied, words to be explained, the meaning of key sentences to be understood, filling brackets, making sentences and so on.
In this way, the content of each class is concentrated on Chinese notes, which is convenient for knowledge classification and review. Students don't have to take another copy to write their homework, but they can hand in their Chinese notes as homework. When correcting Chinese notes, the teacher not only checked the basic knowledge of the course, but also checked the students' preview and lectures.
In the process of training, teachers should take students as the center, solicit students' opinions, constantly improve their practices, do not insist on the consistency of form and content, and cultivate students' creativity and innovative thinking ability.
Second, the "seven-step method" of sorting out notes
The first step is to recall. "Strike while the iron is hot", that is, seize the time after class, compare books and notes, and recall relevant information in time. I really can't remember, so I borrowed my classmates' notes for reference. This is an important prerequisite for sorting out notes and providing "integrity" for notes.
The second step is to make up. Because the notes taken in class should follow the teacher's lecture speed, the lecture speed is generally faster than the recording speed. Therefore, there will be omissions, jumps, omissions and even symbols replacing words in the notes. On the basis of remembering, make timely repairs to make the notes "complete".
The third step is to change. Review your notes carefully and correct inaccuracies such as typos and sentences. Among them, special attention should be paid to revising the contents related to answering after-class exercises and teaching (learning) purposes, so as to make notes "accurate".
The fourth step is to compile. With a unified serial number, the contents of the notes are arranged logically according to the outline, numbered, and the order of sorting out the notes is sorted out, so that the notes are "organized".
Step five, divide. Use words (preferably in red ink) or symbols, codes, etc. Classify the contents of the notes. Take Chinese as an example, which are words, which are writers, which are works, which works (texts) are analytical, which are questions and discussions, and which are answering exercises after class. Prepare to classify and abstract, and make notes "systematic".
Step six, give up. Omit unimportant notes to make them "concise"
Step seven, remember. Classify and copy the sorted notes. Similar knowledge can be copied in the same notebook or the same part of the notebook, and can also be copied by card classification. This is convenient for future review and use. Take it as needed, the outline is clear, it is quick and easy to use, which makes the notes "informative"
Four methods of taking notes in primary school Chinese
1 Start with "Know"
Taking notes helps to guide and stabilize attention and cultivate students' habit of listening carefully in class. The process of taking notes is also a process of positive thinking, which can mobilize the eyes, ears, brain and hands to move together and promote the understanding of classroom teaching content.
However, we also know that the attention of junior students can last for more than ten minutes at most. If these students simply read and listen, it will be difficult to maintain the integrity of the whole class. Therefore, we must find ways to get these lower-grade children to write and make our class more effective.
So first of all, let them know the importance of taking notes ideologically. But for junior children, it is impossible to convince them to accept such a practice simply by reasoning, so I used a word to arouse children's interest, and the word is "smart". Because junior children like to be called smart, they also want to be smart, and this word "smart" just reflects the "four senses" in class-listening, watching, speaking and knowing.
So I use this word, divided into four parts, to tell students that if you want to be smart, you must "be aware of your ears, eyes, mouth and heart". How can we "be aware of our own hearts"? Then you must use your hands. How come? Take notes with the teacher! When the students heard that there were ways to make themselves smart, they happily accepted the practice of taking notes.
2 Start with "imitation"
How should junior students take notes? Of course, they can't know what to write and what not to remember like seniors, so I think we can start with imitation. Since ancient times, how many great calligraphers have not started from copying? Copying is a good way to learn, so imitation is also a good way.
Therefore, before I ask students to take notes, I will make them fully prepared. Besides books, I have to prepare a notebook (soft copy) for Chinese class every day.
But I don't let students scribble at will. I ask students to record according to my requirements. Because junior high school Chinese class mainly involves the knowledge consolidation of words. Homophones, homographs, polyphones, antonyms, vocabulary accumulation and classification. Therefore, I will let students record different knowledge in different locations.
For example, with the progress of teaching, students are generally reminded to write down the corresponding new words, especially polyphonic words, for homophones, homographs and polyphonic words. I will copy the pinyin and word combinations of polyphonic words on the blackboard, and then let the students copy them next to the new words in imitation of my format.
Synonyms and antonyms are recorded between lines of the text. As for good words and sentences in the text or supplementary extracurricular knowledge, I ask students to copy them in their notebooks. Every time, I will give students enough time to record, so that all students can complete it as required. Only in this way can all students form the good habit of taking notes.
3 Let "passive" become "active"
It is undoubtedly a passive practice to imitate taking notes according to the teacher's requirements, but after a long period of training, it can become the active behavior of students. In order to make children take notes more actively, I often praise some students who take notes actively in class, reward them with small red flowers, and show their notes on the display platform, so that all students can learn from them and arouse the indomitable psychology of other students.
In practice, it is found that this reward method is very effective for junior students. Now many students in my class no longer take notes every time the teacher asks them to take notes, but whenever they see me writing some blackboard books such as polyphonic words and extracurricular knowledge on the blackboard, they will take the initiative to copy them in the corresponding position.
Shi Qi, a student in my class, is particularly active in this respect. Sometimes, even before I write, she has written the disyllabic words in the text in the corresponding place. From this point of view, students can change "passive" into "active" by using certain incentive methods. It can be seen that motivation is also a good way to cultivate the habit of taking notes.
4 Let "initiative" become "habit"
It is very rare for junior students to take notes actively in class, which shows that they have gradually formed a habit. But after class? How can we solve this problem? I think the power of parents can not be ignored. Therefore, I often take the initiative to contact parents to help them pay attention to and guide their children to do relevant excerpts when reading extracurricular books, so as to improve their reading effect. I gave my parents some advice:
① Strong support and encouragement: At home, parents can give their children a small reward for each note, so that they can have a sense of accomplishment and form this habit quickly;
Don't directly find out the mistakes: it is great that the child can complete a note. If they make mistakes and blindly criticize, beat and scold, it will be wasted, and they must give priority to guidance;
Strict requirements for beautiful writing: good writing habits can also reflect the quality of this person. If children can carefully extract extracurricular knowledge every time and write neatly and generously, then children can not only really learn extracurricular knowledge, but more importantly, they can also develop a good habit of doing things seriously.
Therefore, parents must also urge their children to take notes carefully after class. When I ask my parents for help, I often check my students' extracurricular notes. Only by doing both, can I get good grades.
After a period of practice, many parents have reported that their children have really learned knowledge, improved their grades and formed a good habit of autonomous learning. Therefore, only when children taste the sweetness of taking notes will they voluntarily do such things and stick to them, eventually forming a habit and benefiting for life.