Yang Wanli
After all, in mid-June,
The scenery is different from the four seasons.
Lotus leaves are infinitely green,
Lotus is bright red.
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Yang Wanli's song has been passed down through the ages with its unique technique, which is worth savoring. "After all, the scenery of the West Lake is different from that at four o'clock in June", which seems to blurt out, is the most intuitive feeling after being shocked and ecstatic, thus strengthening the beauty of the West Lake. Sure enough, "the lotus leaves in the sky are infinitely blue, and the lotus flowers in the sun are of different colors." The poet used "blue" and "red" to highlight the strong visual impact of lotus leaves and lotus flowers. The lotus leaf is boundless as if connected with the sky, and the weather is magnificent, which not only depicts the infinity of the lotus leaf, but also renders the grandeur of heaven and earth, and has an extremely rich sense of spatial modeling. "Reflecting the sun" and "Lotus" set each other off to make the whole picture beautiful and vivid. The whole poem is easy to understand, and the outstanding thing is to write feelings first, and then write the real situation, thus creating an effect of being empty first and then real. After reading it, you can really feel the beauty of the West Lake in June, "the four seasons are different".
Tube cutting wheat
Bai Juyi
The Tian family has less leisure in the month, and people are twice as busy in May.
In the evening, the south wind rises and the wheat turns yellow.
Mother-in-law is rich in food, and children are full of pot pulp.
Go with Tian Xiang. Ding Zhuang is in Nangang.
Filled with the heat of the country, the back was scorched by the sun.
I don't know about the heat, but I regret the long summer.
There is another poor woman with her son in her arms.
Grab the ear with your right hand and hang the basket with your left arm.
Listening to his words of concern is very sad.
My family's taxes are gone, so I can take this to satisfy my hunger.
Today, I have no merit, and I have never worked in farming and mulberry.
There are three hundred stones in the land, and there is surplus food at the age of eight.
I am ashamed to read this in private, and I can't forget it every day.
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The perfect unity of writing and writing in poetry is more shocking than the general unity of narrative and lyric. Bai Juyi is also an expert in using contrast techniques. In his poetry creation, he not only compared the poverty and kindness of the working people with the luxury tyranny of the landlord class, but also compared his own comfort with the poverty of the working people. After writing about the hardships and pains of farmers in the hot summer, the poet also thought of himself, feeling that he had no "merit" and "didn't work for farmers and mulberry", but he was paid "three hundred stones" and still had "surplus grain" by the end of the year, so he was "ashamed of it and couldn't forget it every day". It was very rare for poets to take the initiative to compare with farmers at that time. This contrast is really novel, accurate, commendable and thought-provoking, which shows the ideological height of this poem.
Wan Qing
Li shangyin
A person lives in seclusion, overlooking the city, spring is gone, summer is clear.
The grass was drowned by the rain and finally got the love of God. The rain was sunny.
Climbing on the high shelf, overlooking the distance, the sky is high and the afterglow of the sunset passes through the window lattice.
Birds' nests have been dried, and their bodies are light again.
[Note] Jiacheng: Qucheng outside the city gate. Excellent grass: grass that grows in the dark and is not noticed by people. Gao Ge Jiong: Gao Ge is the pavilion where poets live. Long and far. Micro-note: the reason why we say "micro-note" is because the light is weak and soft because of dusk.
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Since Li Shangyin became the leader of Wang Maoyuan (regarded as the Li Party) in three years (838), he has been trapped in the narrow valley of factional struggle and was hated and excluded by the Niu Party. Tang Xuanzong succeeded, and the Niudang took control of state affairs, and the situation was even worse for him. He had to leave Chang 'an and follow Zheng Ya to Guilin as an adjutant. Zheng Ya trusts him more. He can feel some warmth in the curtains. At the same time, leaving Chang 'an, the vortex of party struggle, can temporarily avoid being constantly looked down upon by the Cattle Party, which is also a kind of spiritual liberation. Because of this, there is a feeling in the poem that the grass is lucky in the evening and the birds are happy to return to their nests. The first couplet is about the sunset in early summer as seen by Gao Lan. It is muddy and comprehensive, and deeply entrusts the poet's life experience. The couplet on the neck turns to the painting of yat sen villa. At the end of the couplets, the birds return to their nests, and their posture is light and smart, which is still what they looked like when they reached the top. The whole poem is written naturally and without trace.
Sleeping in early summer (Yang Wanli)
Plum sour teeth, banana green sieve.
Spring goes to summer, and the days are long and tired. After a nap, I feel depressed and watch the children play with catkins in the air.
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This poem is full of descriptions of early summer scenery. Early summer is long and easy to get sleepy. The poet lay down, but he was bored. He can only "watch the children catch willow flowers" to relieve boredom and trouble. This sentence is particularly wonderful, which shows the poet's leisurely mood and is so interesting. The word "catch" is very accurate and can't be replaced by other words.
Have a date
[Song] Zhao Shixiu
Mei Huang Shi, every family was flooded by rain, and the pond was covered with green grass and frogs.
It's past midnight, and the invited guests haven't come yet. I tapped the chess pieces bored and shook the wick of an oil lamp.
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The whole poem not only describes the poet's scene of waiting for a guest to visit on a rainy night, but also writes the feeling of disappointment that the guest has not arrived, which can be described as both form and spirit. The whole poem has a strong flavor of life and gets rid of the habit of carving, so it is beautiful and can be recited.
Summer in the mountain pavilion
Gao pian
Green trees, deep shadows, long summer, the reflection of the tower in the pond.
The crystal curtains are moving, the breeze is blowing, and the whole frame is fragrant.
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The green trees reflect the sunlight, and the balcony reflects the pond. How quiet and peaceful. And when the breeze blows the crystal curtains and jingles, the roses on the shelf are fragrant all over the yard, how charming. Bright language and delicate description vividly show the scene of this summer pavilion.
Early summer (Sima Guang)
In April of early summer, the weather was sunny and warm, and it cleared up after a rain. After the rain, the mountains were greener and more pleasant, and the mountains in the south became clearer.
There are no catkins in the wind, only sunflowers open to the sun.
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April day, after the rain, sunny, clear and warm; In the rain, I can only see the outline of a South Mountain facing the door. At this time, after a storm comes a calm. When spring ends and summer comes, catkins dancing with the wind have disappeared, but sunflowers are open to the sun. The first two sentences describe the scenery: the weather in April is sunny and warm, and the Nanshan facing the gate is more green. The last two sentences are lyrical: Look at those little people who steer with the wind like catkins. Only sunflowers in full bloom in the sun are worthy of respect. What needs to be understood here is that the author Sima Guang was at odds with Wang Anshi. This poem was written when he lived in seclusion in Luoyang. He compared Wang Anshi and others to "catkins" and himself to "sunflowers" to express his loyalty to the king.
Yellow Crane Tower smells the flute.
Lipper
Once people take a back seat, like Jia Yi in Changsha, they look far and wide, but they can't see Chang 'an or their hometown.
There was a flute sound of "Plum Blossom" from the Yellow Crane Tower, and another drop of plum blossom was seen on the river bank in May.
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The poet skillfully used the flute to render sadness. Wang Qi quoted Guo Maoqian's Yuefu poems to illustrate the theme: "Plum blossoms are also a tune in the flute." In May and early summer in Jiangcheng, of course, there are no plum blossoms, but because the flute of plum blossoms is beautiful, it seems to see the scene of plum blossoms falling all over the sky. Plum blossoms bloom in winter, and although the scenery is beautiful, it inevitably gives people a feeling of awe, which is a portrayal of the poet's cold mood. At the same time, it also reminds people of the historical legend that Zou Yan was imprisoned and suffered great injustice. The way of expressing the connection between music sound and music image is what poetic theorists call "synaesthesia". Poets think of plum blossoms from flute, appeal to vision from hearing, and interweave with synaesthesia, thus depicting the desolate scenery consistent with the cold mood, thus effectively setting off the sad mood of returning home and homesickness. Therefore, it is insightful to comment on this poem "Infinite Love Blows in the Flute" in the direct interpretation of Tang poetry. Shen Deqian in Qing Dynasty said: "It is more important to keep your mouth shut when you are away from feelings. They only pay attention to the prospect and oral language, but there are overtones that make people out of reach, too white and meaningful. " (Volume 20 of Tang Poetry) This seven-character quatrain is good at "words are close to feelings, but words are not revealed", which makes people hear the poet's argot from the perspective of "blowing the jade emperor" and "falling plum blossoms".
In addition, the unique artistic structure of this poem is also very good. Poetry is written with the feeling of listening to the flute, but not in the order of smelling the flute and feeling, but feeling first and then smelling the flute. The first half describes the typical action of "looking west", vividly expressing the feeling of missing the imperial city and the sadness of "looking but not seeing". In the second half, I heard the flute, which revealed the bleak scene of "plum blossoms falling in May in Jiangcheng", and used the scenery to express emotion, so that the scene before and after lived together.
In Sanqu Road (formerly)
When the plum blossoms are yellow, every day is a sunny day. Take a boat along the stream to the end of the stream, and then continue on the road.
The green trees on the mountain road are as dense as when they came, and the bushes of several orioles in the dense forest add more fun than when they came.
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Plum yellow May is the rainy season in the south of the Yangtze River, but it meets sunny days every day. I swam to the end of the stream by boat, and I just took the mountain road on my way back. Now I see the shade of trees no less than before, and the chirping of orioles from the depths of the shade also adds a lot of fun. Literally simple, the style is also light and pleasant, and there is a breeze on the mountain road. When I went there, full of green was as thick as a pool of clear water; When I came back, a few small stones were thrown into the pool by the chirping of orioles, and the scenery suddenly became smart, as if splashing a little spring.
Visit Bird (Dai Min) in early summer.
Duck pond water is shallow and deep, and the weather is half sunny and half cloudy when plums are ripe.
The East Garden is full of wine and the West Garden is drunk, and the loquat trees are golden.
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This is a poem about drinking in the garden in early summer. This kind of thing is very common among literati in feudal times. On sunny days, they travel with wine and come home drunk, which is a kind of enjoyment, but it has no social significance. The first sentence of this poem is about ducklings swimming in the garden, and the second sentence is about rainy and sunny weather. The last two sentences said that he took wine to the East Garden, and later got drunk in the West Garden and picked the golden loquat tree to drink. The language is popular and vivid.
Moon Bay in Xijiang River, Huangsha Middle Road.
Xin Qiji
The moon on the horizon rose to the top of the tree, scaring away the magpies perched on the branches. The cool evening breeze seems to have spread to cicadas in the distance.
In the fragrance of rice and flowers, people talk about the harvest of a year, and frogs croak in their ears, as if in a bumper harvest year. In the old days, Maodian was near the forest, and the road turned to the stream bridge.
Enjoy "the bright moon leaves the branches and surprises the magpie". The word "don't" is a verb The moon sets, leaves the branch and wakes up the black magpie on the branch. Very meticulous realism, only those who have seen this scene at night can appreciate the beauty of this poem. The phrase "the smell of rice flowers" means that the season is in summer. These two sentences are the most vivid and profound in the whole poem, bringing the lively atmosphere and happy mood in the rural summer night to life. This is a typical environment. Each of these four sentences has a sound (the sound of magpies, cicadas, human voices and frogs), but each sentence also has a quiet night. These two flavors are reflected in Nightcrawler's feelings, and he is in a happy mood. The situation changed a little in the second half of the year. "When I turned to the bridge in the old days, I suddenly saw you" is an inverted sentence, which shows the surprise of "suddenly seeing you". I was worried about the rain, so I crossed the bridge. When the road turned, I suddenly saw the thatched shop where she had rested before. At this time, the poet was happy, and the original title was "Huangsha Road at Night". The first six of the first eight sentences are all about scenery, and only the last two sentences show that someone is walking at night. These two sentences played a role in reflecting the whole song, so every sentence was written at night. Hide the front first, hit the nail on the head at the end, and make the finishing touch at the end. It's worth learning.