In the 26th century BC, Emperor Yan Shennong led the tribal alliance to leave the Central Plains and move south to Chenzhou. The dense forest, fertile land, pleasant climate and rich products in Chenzhou deeply attract Shennong, Yan Di. In Chenzhou, Emperor Shennong traveled all over the mountains and rivers, looking for seeds to fill his stomach and medicine to cure diseases. In Jiahe County, Shennong accidentally discovered edible rice and successfully planted it. It was first seen in Guanzi in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The Records of Guiyang County quoted the Historical Records of Hengxiang as saying: "Guanzi said: Shennong planted five grains in the sun of Qitian ... Jiuzhou people know five grains." There is another cloud: "The beautiful valley fell from heaven, which was taken by Shennong and cultivated in the north of Qitianling. Its place name is Hecang, and then a county is set up. " Today's Jiahe County, called Hecangbao in ancient times, is a place to commemorate the cultivation of Shennong Shi Jia Valley.
Digging valleys, sowing and harvesting. However, it is difficult to plow with both hands, so Sidi tillage and sowing method must have tillage and sowing tools. For this reason, Shennong thought hard and invented farming Leishan in Rucheng, Chenzhou. Ray is the handle and shovel is the shovel. Shennong's coffin was first found in ancient history research, "Shennong's coffin", "Shennong's coffin, eucalyptus's coffin and rubbings' coffin." "Hengxiang Ancient Records" records that the emperor's craftsman made a surname of Chi and was buried in Leishan, Chenzhou. Leishan is located in Nanwuli, Rucheng County, Chenzhou, and was named after Shennong invented Leishan here. The thunder water in the upper reaches of Xiangjiang River is named after its origin, and Leiyang is named after the sun facing thunder water in the city.
Shennong collected Oracle bones to make rice in Jiahe, cultivated Jiao Lei in Leishan and tasted herbs to make medicine in Anren. Legends and relics of Shennong are all over Chenzhou.
Xiang Yu moved Yidi to Chen.
In 208 BC, Xiang Yu, a fledgling and famous teacher, together with Liu Bang and others, made Xiong Xin, a shepherd, king Huai, and became Xu Yi (now Jiangsu). At the end of the year, Xiang Yu moved to Pengcheng, Chu Huaiwang (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu). In 206 BC, Xiang Yu pretended to respect Xin as the righteous emperor, moved to the south of the Yangtze River, moved the capital (now Chenzhou), and established himself as the overlord of Western Chu, Du Pengcheng, named Liu Bang as Hanwang, and all of them were in Nanzheng (now Hanzhong, Shaanxi).
Yidi crossed the mountains and waded all the way to Chenzhou, thinking that he would enjoy peace if he stayed away from the disaster of war, although he was bitter and lucky. I didn't expect Xiang Yu's migration to be false, but the murder was real. Before coming to Chen Cheng in 205 BC, Yidi was assassinated by an assassin sent by Xiang Yu in Chen Jiangzhong. After the death of Yidi, Xiang Yu's name of injustice spread, and he did not become a tyrant. Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu and sent people to Chen to pay homage to the righteous emperor, which won the hearts of the people and cheered the whole city. Later generations built a mausoleum for Yidi, painted a tree monument, and an anonymous person wrote a couplet and carved it in front of the tomb. Hua Biao said, "I have a companion at the top of the building, so I should return the crane. No one in the world shepherds sheep more than him. " Hu Ceng, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, even wrote a poem: "The righteous emperor moved south to become Chen, and the country died in Wanshan. I don't know how many times Xiling sank to the moon after burying the poor spring. "
Han Yu passed through Chenzhou six times.
Han Yu, the first of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, lost his father in his childhood and was raised by his brother and sister-in-law. In the 12th year of the Tang Dynasty (AD 777), Han Hui, Han Yu's younger brother, was demoted as a secretariat of a few states because of his involvement in the political struggle between the DPRK and China. At the age of 65,438+00, Han Yu went south from Chang 'an with his brother and sister-in-law and passed through Chenzhou for the first time. After living in Shaozhou for two years, my brother Han Hui died unfortunately. Mrs. Zheng, the sister-in-law, took 12-year-old Han Yu and supported the coffin for the second time.
In the 19th year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong (AD 803), Han Yu, a 35-year-old supervisor, angered Dezong by writing "Miyagi" and was demoted to Yangshan county magistrate in Lianzhou. Starting in the middle of winter, I arrived in Chenzhou in the spring of the twentieth year of Zhenyuan (AD 804) and passed through Chenzhou for the third time. Zhenyuan 2 1 year, Dezong died, Shunzong acceded to the throne, and granted amnesty to the world. Han Yu was pardoned on his way back to the North and stood by in Chenzhou for three months. This is Han Yu's fourth trip to Chenzhou.
In the 14th year of Yuanhe in Tang Xianzong (AD 8 19), Han Yu, who had been promoted to assistant minister of punishments, was offended by admonishing Buddha's bones. "Playing a lute in the morning and arriving at Chaoyang Road at 8,000 in the evening", he was once again exiled to Chaozhou in the south (now Chaoan, Guangdong) and passed through Chenzhou for the fifth time at the age of 5 1. Because of his advanced age, when riding through the southern suburbs of Chenzhou, the horse lost its front hoof, and Han Yu fell off his horse, leaving behind the story of "Wen Gong riding a horse" and the remains of "Zoumaling". In the same year 10, Han Yu was transferred to Yuanzhou (now Yichun, Jiangxi) to be a secretariat. From Chaozhou to Jiangxi, Han Yu passed through Chenzhou for the sixth and last time.
Han Yu visited Chenzhou six times, especially for the fourth time in Chenzhou for three months. He was fascinated by the scenic spots in Chenzhou, made extensive contact with the sages of Chenzhou, and wrote more than ten poems praising Chenzhou, among which "Sending Taoist Liao Xu" was famous. Although there are only more than 300 words, it is the first article that comprehensively publicizes Chenzhou. In memory of Han Yu's six trips to Chenzhou, there are stone tablets of "Han Gong Pavilion" and "Wen Gong Zou Ma" on Zoumaling, and a "Harpoon Pavilion" and a bronze statue of Han Yu in the center of Beihu Park. The tablet "Preface to Send a Taoist to Liao" is preserved in Su Xianling's view of scenery and travel.
Qin Guan, Su Shi, Mi Fei and the "Three Wonders Monument"
In the third year of Shaosheng in the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 1096), Qin Guan (that is, Qin Shaoyou) was dismissed and exiled to Chenzhou because of the struggle between the old and new parties. He is so incompetent that he has no choice but to serve his country. Born four years ago, Qin Guan boarded Su Xianling and was moved by this scene. He wrote the word "Tanfloxacin" and sang it through the ages. Chenzhou Guest House, to express my bitterness and resentment. The whole word is:
The fog is gone, the moon is gone, where can Taoyuan see? It was a lonely museum with a cold spring closed, and the sun set in the cuckoo's cry.
Plum blossoms are sent by mail, and fish live long. This hatred has no weight. Chen Qiang originally walked around Chen Shan, but who did he go to Xiaoxiang for?
Su Shi, a good friend of Qin Guan, felt the same way after reading it and couldn't put it down. He deliberately wrote it on a fan and watched the chanting from time to time. When he learned that Qin Guanke had died in Tengzhou (now Wuzhou, Guangxi), he was deeply saddened by grief and indignation, and made a postscript to his words with tears: "I am leaving less!" How to redeem ten thousand people? "Later, the famous calligrapher Mi Fei wrote Qin Ci and Su Ba as a memorial.
In the second year of Xianchun in the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1266), Zou Gong, a famous army in Chenzhou, carved Qin Guan Ci written by Mi Fei and Su Shi's Postscript into cliff tablets, which were known as the "Three Wonders" in the world and preserved the "Three Wonders" of the Song Dynasty.
Zhou Dunyi Lianxi Academy and Ailian's Theory
"The mud does not touch, it is clear but not demon, and it is straight and not crawling outside. The fragrance is far and clear, graceful and pure, and it is not ridiculous from a distance." An article "Love Lotus", short 1 19 words, was written in the style of a gentleman. Zhou Dunyi, a famous Neo-Confucianism scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, was an official in Chenzhou for three times, and wrote "The Theory of Ailian" in Chen Chen, which has become a beautiful talk that has been told for generations.
In the sixth year of Li Qing, Song Renzong (AD 1046), Zhou Dunyi was appointed as the county magistrate of Chen County, and later transferred to Guiyang (now Rucheng County, Chenzhou). After four years in Guiyang, he was transferred to Dali Temple in Beijing. In the fourth year of Zong Shenxi Ning (A.D. 107 1), he was promoted to Chenzhou Zhijun. Zhou Dunyi is a court official with the largest number of normal positions, the longest time and good political achievements. He runs a school in Chenzhou, runs farming and mulberry, and cares about the sufferings of the people; He built a lotus pond in his official residence, planted lotus himself, and wrote "Love Lotus" as a metaphor for lotus. There is a lotus pond in the Old Lianxi Temple in Chenzhou, and there is a pavilion on the pond called "Gentleman Pavilion". Rucheng has Lianxi Academy, which has been destroyed and rebuilt in recent years.
Hong Xiuquan's Expansion in Chenzhou
1June, 852, Taiping Army entered Hunan from Guangxi. After two months of continuous fighting, the troops were greatly reduced. Hong Xiuquan decided to take a break in Chenzhou. /kloc-in August of 0/7, Hong Xiuquan led an army to conquer Chenzhou City in two ways. Hong Xiuquan entered Chenzhou City and held a grand celebration. It is said that a couplet was posted at the meeting:
Three thousand warriors, go straight to the land of secluded swallows.
Dragonfly's Ninth Five-Year Plan reopened the days of Yao and Shun.
After the Taiping Army came to Chenzhou, local parishioners and farmers joined the Taiping Army in succession. During his stay in Chenzhou, the Taiping Army expanded its troops by more than 30,000 people in Jiahe, Guiyang, Chenzhou and Leiyang, and set up commanders of the two armies. In particular, some coal miners recruited in Chenzhou were separately organized into "earth camps" (equivalent to modern "engineering barracks"), which were extremely effective and made great achievements in all previous siege wars of Taiping Army. /kloc-In September of 0/4, Hong Xiuquan left Chenzhou for Changsha. Tianwang stationed troops in Chenzhou, expanded his team, raised grain and planted grass, and planned the Northern Expedition, which laid the foundation for later attacking Changsha, conquering Wuchang and occupying Nanjing in the north.
Zhu De and Chen Yi launched the "Southern Hunan Uprising"
1928 1, Zhu De and Chen Yi led the rest of Nanchang Uprising from Guangdong to southern Hunan. 12 year 10/2 month 12 day, Zhu De took advantage of the original relationship with Fan, the commander of the 1st 16 Kuomintang Army, and led the local people into Yizhang County in the name of "assisting the local police" under the banner of "the 40th Regiment of the National Revolutionary Army". That night, Yizhang county magistrate hosted a banquet for Zhu De and Chen Yi to "welcome guests" and discuss the plan of "preventing bandits". Zhu De and Chen Yi played along, took advantage of the banquet, captured the magistrate Yang, Huang Dezhen and other officials and gentry and more than 20 ordinary fishermen alive, disarmed the county regiment defense bureau and the police station, restored the peasant associations and trade unions, and opened the prelude to the uprising in southern Hunan. In the following three months, the uprising spread to more than 20 counties such as Chenxian, Leiyang, Yongxing, Zixing and Anren, and three First Agricultural Division and two independent regiments were formed, with more than 34,000 workers and peasants armed. 1in April, 928, Zhu De and Chen Yi led1.2000 Red Army of workers and peasants to Jinggangshan via Leiyang, Anren and Chaling, and joined forces with the autumn harvest uprising troops led by Mao Zedong. "The Southern Hunan Uprising was a successful uprising after the Nanchang Uprising, when Zhu De and Chen Yi led some insurgents to southern Hunan and jointly organized with the Southern Hunan Special Committee ... History has proved that with the Southern Hunan Uprising, there will be Jinggangshan stationed, and there will be a consolidated Jinggangshan base area. There will be a glorious Jinggangshan era." (Xiao Ke: Historical Draft of Xiangnan Uprising)
Mao Zedong issued "Three Disciplines and Six Notices" in Shatian, Guidong.
1March, 928, Mao Zedong led the autumn harvest uprising troops from Jinggangshan to southern Hunan, and joined the uprising troops from Zhu De, Chen Yi and southern Hunan.
When Mao Zedong was waiting for the uprising troops in southern Hunan in Guidong, he was determined to carry out discipline rectification to regulate the soldiers' behavior, in view of the unhealthy atmosphere of taking things at random and asking for property in the troops. 1On the evening of April 2, 928, Mao Zedong drafted the famous "Three Disciplines" and "Six Notices" in his temporary residence in Shatian, eastern Guangxi. The three major disciplines are: (1) All actions are subject to command. (2) Don't take things from workers and peasants. (3) local tyrants should be turned over to the state. The six points for attention are: (1) upper door panel; (2) bundling grass; (3) speak kindly; (four) the sale should be fair; (5) The borrowed things must be returned; (6) Damaged things should be compensated. On the morning of April 3rd, Mao Zedong held a meeting of all cadres and soldiers in the paddy field of the 36th regiment in Tiger Pond, Sha Tin, and officially declared the "Three Disciplines and Six Notices" as catch of the workers and peasants revolutionary army.
Since then, the "three major disciplines and six notices" have developed into "three major disciplines and eight notices" and have been compiled into songs, making this catch a military song. At present, a monument with a height of 8. 1 m, white marble texture and a triangular pyramid has been built in the place where Mao Zedong, shatian town, Guidong County issued the "Three Major Disciplines and Six Notices".
General Zhang Xueliang was imprisoned in Chenzhou.
19361February 12, General Zhang Xueliang launched the "Xi Incident" which shocked China and foreign countries, and promoted the second cooperation between the two countries. After the Xi Incident, General Zhang Xueliang was placed under house arrest by Chiang Kai-shek. 1in the spring of 938, General Zhang Xueliang was secretly imprisoned in Suxian Taoist Temple in Suxianling, Chenzhou for two months after several migrations. During the confinement, the general was full of ambition and indignation. On the wall of the house where he was imprisoned, he wrote a famous saying, "I hate the sky is low, Dapeng has wings and it is difficult to show."
Now there is such a couplet on the "General Qu's Room" of Su Xian Taoist Temple. Su Xianling: "Catch Jiang Yougong, Lintong uses troops to remonstrate; There is no hope of returning to Qin, and the general has been a prisoner of Chu since then. " It is a true portrayal of the general's life.
The secret base for China women's volleyball team to take off.
In the late 1970s and mid-1980s, China women's volleyball team rose and took off in the world, which surprised the world, delighted Chinese people and made overseas Chinese proud. Chenzhou is the secret base for China women's volleyball team to take off.
1February, 978, at the National Volleyball Work Conference held in Zhangzhou, Fujian Province, China women's volleyball team was required to win and maintain the world championship within three years, so as to realize the goal of "three big balls turning over" from women's volleyball team. Since then, Chenzhou has established a sports training base, striving for China women's volleyball team to come to Chenzhou for training. From 1979 to 1986, China women's volleyball team went to Chenzhou for training five times, 1979 the second Asian Championship,198/the third World Cup, 1985 the fourth World Championship, 65438. Chenzhou, the 18th blessed place in the world, has attracted great attention from public opinion at home and abroad because of its blood relationship with China women's volleyball team. During the training of China women's volleyball team in Chenzhou, more than 65,438+000 newspapers, magazines, studios, TV stations and radio stations all over the country and around the world reported on it. 198 1 summer, foreign news reported: "The China women's volleyball team, which has risen in the world in recent years, often prepares for war in a' secret base' in the south of China." From 1983 to 10, Wen Wei Po was first introduced to Chenzhou Training Base.