Metric poetry, also known as modern poetry or modern poetry, is a form of poetry with strict rhythm and rhythm. Metric poems have certain rules and requirements in terms of quantity, number of words, rhyme and balance. The following are the basic rules and characteristics of some metrical poems:
Fixed number of sentences: metrical poems usually consist of eight sentences, each with five or seven words. According to the number of words in each sentence, it can be divided into five-character quatrains and seven-character quatrains. Five-character quatrains have five words in each sentence, * * * 20 words, seven words in each sentence, and * * * 28 words.
Rhyme is strict: metrical poetry requires rhyme and must rhyme to the end. Generally speaking, the rhyme of metrical poems adopts flat and even rhyme, and it must be homophony. The metrical poems in Tang Dynasty also require avoiding rhyming with homophones, which is called "rhyming avoidance".
Flat and orderly: in metrical poetry, flat and even words appear alternately, which constitutes the rhythm and rhythm of poetry. Flat tone is one of the important features of modern poetry, and it is also the basic element of metrical poetry.
Specifically, the flat tone refers to one and two tones in Chinese Pinyin, and the left tone refers to three and four tones in Chinese Pinyin. When writing a metrical poem, we should arrange the words of the poem according to the rules of flat and flat, so that the poem has a harmonious phonological beauty.
The antithesis is neat: the metrical poem requires the antithesis to be neat, that is, the words in the poem should be corresponding, with similar or opposite meanings. The antithesis can make the structure of poetry more rigorous and the meaning more clear. Generally speaking, the antithesis of metrical poems can be divided into four types: positive, negative, current and contrast.
Refined content: metrical poems are short and pithy, generally no more than 40 words. Therefore, when writing metrical poems, we need to pay attention to the refinement of language and the accuracy of expression, and avoid using too many flowery words and redundant sentences.
At the same time, the content of metrical poems should have a clear theme and profound artistic conception, which can leave a deep impression on people.
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Quatrains and metrical poems: According to the number of words in each sentence, metrical poems can be divided into quatrains and metrical poems. There are five or seven words in each sentence, only four; There are eighty words in each sentence, and there are eighty sentences. Rhyme can be divided into five-character rhyme and seven-character rhyme, which are referred to as "five laws" and "seven laws" respectively.
The basic types of antithesis: antithesis is one of the common rhetorical devices in metrical poems, which can be divided into four basic types: positive antithesis, smooth antithesis and contrast antithesis.
Exactly, the meaning of the upper and lower sentences is similar or relative, but the opposite is true; Running water refers to the meaning of the upper and lower sentences; Contrastive pair means that the meanings of the upper and lower sentences are complementary.
Ways of rhyming: There are many ways of rhyming, such as "the first sentence rhymes" and "the first sentence doesn't rhyme". In addition, there are rhyming methods such as "the first sentence has rhyme" and "the first sentence has no rhyme".
Modern poetry and ancient poetry: According to the different formation periods and characteristics, poetry can be divided into modern poetry and ancient poetry. Modern poetry is a form of poetry formed in the Tang Dynasty, including metrical poems and quatrains.
Classical poetry was a form of poetry before this, including The Book of Songs and Songs of the South. The meter of modern poetry is strict, while ancient poetry is relatively free and flexible.