Yi and that and! Set my drum.
Drum Jane, I am proud of my ancestors.
Tang Sun faked it. I thought it would succeed.
The cymbals are far away, and the bagpipes ring.
Peace and peace, according to my voice.
Yu Sun! Jiang Mumu snorted.
No drums, no games.
I have a good guest, I don't care.
Since ancient times, in the past, our ancestors did something.
The official is in a hurry, and the deacon is restrained.
Grain Rain is the general of Tang Sun.
Precautions:
1, Yi He Na He: You're Yi, describing the beautiful face of the band. Moreover, the same as "one", interjection.
2, setting: plants, upright. Drum: A vertical drum.
3, Jane Jane: onomatopoeia words, drums.
4. Joey. Ancestors: the ancestor of meritorious service.
5. Tang Sun: the grandson of Shang Tang. Take a vacation: enjoy the festival. Fake, the cover of the case.
6. Sui: Here, here. Thinking: auxiliary words. Success: success.
7. Yuanyuan: onomatopoeia, drum.
8. Hehe: Onomatopoeia, wind music. Pipe: A bamboo wind instrument.
9. Qing: A jade percussion instrument.
10, Yu: sigh. Hector: Prominent.
1 1, Jiang Mumu: and cosmetics.
12, Yong: same as Yong, big clock. Sound: that is, "sound", the music is grand.
13, Wanwu: dance name. Grace: that is, "grace", and the dance is grand.
14, not too embarrassed: it means not too embarrassed, that is, not too happy. Yi Yi, Yi Yue.
15, left: refers to the action.
16 Deacon: Act. There is awkward: that is, "awkward", respectful and sincere.
17, Gu: patronize. Taste: Winter sacrifice is taste, and autumn sacrifice is taste.
18, to be: Yujie.
Translation:
It is so beautiful and rich. Put a drum in my class.
Drumming made my ancestors happy.
Shang Tang's grandson was offering sacrifices, which gave me the success of praying for my ancestors.
Stand up and play drums and wind music.
The melody is gentle and the melody is ups and downs.
Shang Tang's grandson is really noble and beautiful.
The bells and drums were loud and the scene was grand, and I watched the dance.
I have helped to sacrifice my guests, who are all happy in one place.
In that distant ancient time, our ancestors had laws to stop and go.
Be gentle and courteous in the morning and evening, and ask God to see the truth.
Ask your ancestors to sacrifice, and the children of Shang Tang will help you.
Appreciate:
Na is the first article in Ode to Shang Dynasty, and like other articles in Ode to Shang Dynasty, it is a tribute to ancestors by descendants of Yin Shang Dynasty. There are two theories about its age. One said it was formed in the Shang Dynasty, and the other said it was formed in the Eastern Zhou and Song Dynasties. The latter said that the records in Historical Records are the most representative, and his Song Weizi family said, "I am a public servant, and I want to be an ally. My doctor was testing my father's beauty, so I followed Daoqi, Tang, Yin and wrote Ode to Shang Dynasty. " His statement reflects the views of Qi, Lu and Han. And "Preface to Mao Poetry" says: "That" is also served in the soup. As for Dai Gong, Wei Zi's rites and music were all wasted. In the meantime, those who just passed the examination got 12 poems of Shang Fu, led by Na. "People think that Zheng Kao's father only got 12 poems praising the demise of Yin Shang, and did some sorting work, which was later deleted by Confucius as five existing poems. In the Han dynasty, the theory of Shang poetry coexisted with the theory of Song poetry, and the theory of Song poetry prevailed. Later, famous scholars in Song Dynasty, such as Ouyang Xiu's Original Meaning of Poetry and Zhu's Biography of Poetry, all adopted the theory of Shang Poetry. The representative works of The Book of Songs in Qing Dynasty, such as Yao Jiheng's General Introduction to The Book of Songs, Ma's Notes on Mao's Poems, Shi Mao's Biography of Poems and Fang Yurun's The Book of Songs Primitiveness, all take commercial poetry as the research object, while modern scholars Wei Yuan, Pi and others all hold the view of Song poetry. After Wang Guowei wrote Fu of Shang Dynasty, he cited Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins as evidence to show that Fu of Shang Dynasty was not a work of Shang Dynasty, and the theory of Song Dynasty was almost conclusive. Since the 1980s, a number of new achievements have been made in the study of this issue, and the poetics of business has been re-valued. Mr. Zhang's Study of Shang Fu also holds the view of Shang Poetry: "The poem" Na "is a detailed explanation, which seems to be a prelude to a group of sacrificial songs. The twelfth song of Shang Fu is headed by "Na". There is something dedicated to Tang Cheng in the poem, but it describes the sacrificial scene in Shang Dynasty, and it is a welcoming song for ancestors including Tang Cheng. "
Different from most chapters in Fu, Na mainly shows the music and dance activities when offering sacrifices to ancestors, expressing respect for ancestors with grand music and dance, in order to seek the protection and help of ancestors. Zheng Jinwen's Music History of China says: "That" is the soup of sacrifice and the beginning of sacrifice music. "The history of pre-Qin poetry is basically the history of music literature. Today, from the research perspective of the history of music literature, it can be said that Na is more important than other works in The Book of Songs, because this poem is not only a lyric poem accompanying music and dance, but also its text content describes these music and dance scenes. The music and dance described in the poem as a sacrificial ceremony are performed in the order of drum music, wind music, percussion music, ringing bells and drums, singing carols and dancing. Finally, the priest made a sacrifice. According to the Book of Rites: "Yin people are still vocal, but smelly. Wash away their voices, have fun three times, and then go out to meet the sacrifice. The number of sounds is the same between heaven and earth. "The description of this poem is consistent with the record in the Book of Rites.
There are two lamentations in the first sentence of the poem, and there are many reduplicated words "Jane", "Yuanyuan", "Yiwa" and "Jiang Mumu" describing music, plus several adjectives "You Yi", "You Yi" and "You Ke" similar to reduplicated words. Although it pays less attention to the arrangement and care in the internal structure of later poems, it still has considerable aesthetic value because of its momentum. Sun Xi said: "Business is still about quality, but composition is very skillful. This article is wonderful! His work is just like Dayu. " Quote the so-called "artistry" of Chen Zizhan's The Book of Songs. Readers should understand this poem as a whole in order to correctly grasp its artistry. The so-called "big wheel" should be a complete car, not a fragmentary axle.
The Six Classics are all history. From the perspective of proving history with poetry, this poem is a good material for studying the history of music and dance. There are four musical instruments in the poem: drums, pipes, plates and cymbals, which belong to the four categories of leather, bamboo, stone and gold in the eight-tone classification of ancient musical instruments in China, and there is also a dance: Wan Dance. The imitation of drums in The Book of Songs is extremely vivid, which enables readers to appreciate the strength, rhythm and timbre of the original music. For example, Kan Kan cut the drum in Xiaoya-Logging, General Zhong Hui, Xiaoya-Zhong Hui Bang, Dai Ya-Lingtai Hui Drum and Zhou Song-Zhijing. Judging from the handed down objects and archaeological excavations, drums have two types: copper surface and animal skin surface. Every time, Jane and Yuan Yuan should imitate the sound of animal skin drums, while Jiang Jiang, Ziyi and Zisi should imitate the sound of metal drums or bell drums. From this point of view, the overlapping word describing music in the Book of Songs is Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip in the Tang Dynasty. "The big strings sing like rain, and the small strings whisper like a secret; The origin of this description is humming, whispering-and then mixing together, just like pouring large and small pearls into a plate of jade. The drum used in the poem "Na" is the cymbal drum. According to the literature, there are two kinds of cymbals, one is a large upright drum, which is called ying or vertical drum; Small rattle, similar to today's rattle, started late. The cymbals there are standing drums. According to "Interpreting a Name-Interpreting a Musical Instrument", "The cymbals are also guided, so they are also guided. "It can be seen that its role is to dance happily at the beginning of the sacrificial song and dance. There are also ten thousand dances in Gao Feng Jian Xi and Truffle Lu Gong. As can be seen from the description of Jane, Wan dance consists of two parts: martial dance (male dance) and literary dance (female dance). Male dancers are mighty and powerful, holding ropes to control horses, while female dancers are radiant, holding flutes and pheasants. The author thinks that Wan Dance is a kind of dance with the connotation of reproductive worship. Shuo Wen Jie Zi explains that Qiu is a poisonous insect, also known as Qiu, and a poisonous frog according to Wan (Wan) and Qiu, so Wan Dance should be related to frog worship. According to the research of modern scholars, frogs are symbols of breeding and reproduction in ancient beliefs. The 10,000 kinds of dances described in this poem are all performed with drums. The image of a frog was cast on an ancient bronze drum unearthed in southwest China. These statues often express the connotation of reproductive worship in the form of copulation between men and women or negative offspring of female frogs. In addition, Wan Dance described in Jane Xi is also common at the boundary of bronze drums, which proves the original belief significance of Wan Dance.