The author introduces:
Nicholas? Alexeyevich? Ostrovsky (1904— 1936) is a great revolutionary writer in the former Soviet Union. He was born in a poor working family in Ukraine. 1 1 years old began to do child labor. 19 19 joined the * * * youth league, then participated in the civil war and construction, 1924 joined the * * * production party. Due to long-term hard work, his body was seriously damaged, and he became blind on 1927 due to the deterioration of his condition. Completely paralyzed. However, he never gave in, fought against the disease with amazing perseverance and persisted in literary creation. 1933, the novel how steel was tempered, written according to his revolutionary experience, came out, which had a great influence on society and inspired the growth of countless revolutionary youth. After that, ostrovsky began to write another novel, The Birth of the Storm, but before he finished it, he died of illness.
Content introduction:
Paul, the hero of this book? Kochakin experienced the hardships of life and tempered his revolutionary spirit and rebellious character. After the October Revolution broke out, he joined the Red Army at the age of sixteen. No matter in the fire or in the period of national economic recovery, Chajin showed fearless spirit, iron will, strong patriotism and infinite loyalty to the people. Due to repeated injuries and overwork in the war, he was paralyzed and blind, and was firmly imprisoned in bed, but he overcame the mental and physical blow and picked up a pen to praise the hero who struggled to establish the Soviet regime.
Highlights:
(1) this paragraph is Samuel the compositor? Rigg's description of the bloody tragedy in their hometown of Shchepetovka is too long, so I only extracted the beginning of the execution.
Reading: In this description, the author used a lot of comparative writing methods: the fear of death of Polish nobles who came to "appreciate" how to hang Bolsheviks was in sharp contrast with the death of soldiers, highlighting the corruption of the national government at that time, and the psychological exposure of those little nobles who ignored the life and death of the country was undoubtedly exposed; The cold weather and the hot body make the temperature of the comrades who wear little clothes form a great contrast, which embodies the revolutionary spirit that the soldiers with boiling blood will not bow their heads until they die. They have completely lost themselves in their hearts, only "we".
(2) Valeria's passionate singing before her death.
Reading: The author skillfully uses the words of the workers, "I have never heard such a song-only the dead can sing so passionately." "Never" and "That" highlight the uniqueness of this song, while "Only" and "Passion" imply the courage and strength of Valia as a female warrior. In a word, in this whole passage, the pen and ink used by the author is very powerful, which makes the reader unconsciously melt into it and feel the anger and sadness that the laborer could not express at that time.
After successfully building the railway with his comrades, Paul returned to the Martyrs Cemetery. His friends gave their lives for the revolution. Here, he uttered a well-known sigh.
Reading: Compared with the previous paragraph, this paragraph is a very quiet part. It has no fiery smoke on the battlefield and no inner passion when it is executed. It's simple, with a little sadness. In this description, the author uses a lot of environmental descriptions, which is very lyrical.
Classic sentence:
Thousands of people form a powerful transformer, forming an inexhaustible motive force.
2. Steel is very strong because it burns in fire and is highly cooled. Our generation has also experienced struggles and severe tests and learned never to lose heart in life.
Any fool can end himself at any time! This is the most timid and easiest way out.
Put away your gun and don't tell anyone. Even if life is unbearable, stick to it, so that life can become valuable.
The leader's death didn't lead to the party's team being scattered. Just like a big tree, its roots are deeply rooted in the soil, and even if the top of the tree is cut off, it will never wither.
Notes on Camel Xiangzi
About the author: Lao She (1899 February 3 ~1966 August 24), formerly known as Shu Qingchun, was born in Xiaoyangquan Hutong (now Xiaoyangjia Hutong) in the west of Beijing on February 3, 1999, a poor Manchu family. Modern famous writers and outstanding language masters are known as "people's artists". Manchu is a native of Hongqi and Beijinger. His father, a Manchu guard, was killed in the street fighting when Eight-Nation Alliance attacked Beijing. The pseudonym Lao She was first used in the novel Lao Zhang's Philosophy. Other pen names include She Yu, Qian Qing, Yu Qian, Feizi and Hongse.
Summary: The whole novel takes the three ups and downs of Xiangzi's buying a car as the central clue of plot development, vividly shows the tragic life of rickshaw pullers in the old society, and artistically summarizes Xiangzi's tragic life from hope to struggle until mental breakdown to depravity. He enthusiastically chose Xiangzi's original excellent qualities of kindness, simplicity and love of labor, and angrily exposed and denounced the dark society that pushed Xiangzi into the abyss of depravity. The novel also strongly shows that it is only an illusion to get rich by personal struggle in the old society. It reflects the tragic fate of the self-employed in old China in the late 1920s and early 1930s.
Highlights:
(1) Decent, strong, dreamy, selfish, with personality, strong and great, Xiangzi, I don't know how many funerals he sent with others; I don't know when and where he will bury himself, this degenerate, selfish, unfortunate and socially ill child, the last ghost of individualism!
Reading: Why choose such a short sentence? Because, in the full text, this sentence can be regarded as the center. Camel Xiangzi wrote such a person from karma, a young and hardworking social worker at the bottom of the city. All his dreams are to buy his own car and be an "independent" and "free" driver, but his life was shattered by three setbacks in buying a car.
He is a bit like a tree, strong, silent and alive. He has his own plan and some brains, but he is not good at telling others. In foreign rickshaws, personal grievances and difficulties are the words of the public. In the "car entrance", in the small teahouse, in the courtyard, everyone is reporting, describing or clamoring for their own things, and then these things become everyone's property, spreading from one place to another like folk songs. Xiangzi, a countryman, is not as eloquent as a city man; If he has a glib tongue, he is born unwilling to talk more, so he doesn't want to learn from the loquacity of city people. He knows his own business and doesn't like to discuss it with others. Because his mouth is always idle, he has time to think, and his eyes always seem to look at his heart. As long as he has made up his mind, he will go along the road opened in his heart; If he can't leave, he can bite his teeth for a day or two without saying a word, just like biting his own heart!
He decided to pull the cart, so he pulled it. He rented a broken car to practice his legs first. I didn't get the money on the first day The business was good the next day, but after lying down for two days, my ankle was swollen like two scorpions and I couldn't lift it anymore. No matter how painful it was, he endured it. He knew it was inevitable and a hurdle that rickshaw pullers had to cross. He won't dare to run boldly unless he passes this level.
Reading: This paragraph of character description, from clothing, posture and figure to the physical strength, physical strength, character and personality of people who live on strength, is beautifully written and presents us with a living Xiangzi. The author praised him loudly-he is strong, simple and full of life. Let's enjoy this rickshaw puller in old China with the author!
The willow tree in the street is sick, with a layer of dust hanging on its leaves and rolling on its branches; The branches are lazy and drooping listlessly. There was not a drop of water on the road. It was dry and white. How high the dust on the sidewalk flies, it is connected with the gray air in the sky, forming a vicious gray sand array, which burns the faces of pedestrians. Everywhere is dry, everywhere is hot, everywhere is stuffy, and the whole old city is like a burnt-out brick kiln, which makes people breathless. The dog lay prone on the ground, sticking out its red tongue. The nostrils of mules and horses are so big that vendors dare not shout, and the asphalt road melts. Even the bronze medal in front of the store seems to be getting sunburned. The street is unusually quiet, except for some monotonous and anxious jingles in the copper and iron shop. People who pull carts know that they can't eat without activities, and they are too lazy to go shopping: some put their cars in some shady places, set up carports and take a nap in them; Some got into a small teahouse to drink tea; Some didn't pull the car out at all, but went to the street to see if it was possible to get off.
Even Xiangzi is a little timid! After pulling an empty car for a few steps, he felt that he was surrounded by hot air from head to toe, and even sweated on the back of his hand. However, I still want to pull after seeing the seat, thinking that it might be a little windy to run. He pulled a deal and pulled the car up, only to know that no one was allowed to work in such bad weather. I couldn't breathe while running, and my lips were burnt. I know I'm not thirsty. I want to drink water when I see it. If you don't run, the sun handle and back of the poisonous flower will crack. Somehow he was dragged to the place, and his trousers and coat were wrapped around him. Pick up the banana fan, it's no use, the wind is very hot. He took a few sips of cold water, but went to the teahouse again. After drinking two pots of hot tea, his heart calmed down a little. Tea goes in from the mouth, and sweat comes out from the body immediately, as if the body is empty and there will be no more water. He dare not move any more.
He felt bored after sitting for a long time. Being afraid to go out and having nothing to do, he felt that the weather seemed to be deliberately against him. No, he can't be the main one. He has been pulling rickshaws for more than a day, and this is not the first time in summer. He can't spend a day in vain. I want to go out, but my legs are too lazy to move, and my body is very soft. It seems that I haven't taken a good bath. Although I sweated a lot, I was not at ease. After sitting for a while, he couldn't sit still any longer. Anyway, he was sweating when he was sitting, so he might as well go out and try.
I didn't know my mistake until I came out. The gray air in the sky has dispersed, which is not very depressing, but the sunshine is much worse: no one dares to look up at where the sun is, but he feels that everything is shining, and the air, roof, walls and ground are all white with a little red in the white; From top to bottom, the whole thing looks like a huge fire mirror, and every light is like the focus of the fire mirror, so things will get angry as soon as they are exposed to the sun. In this white light, every color is harsh, every sound is ugly, and every smell is mixed with the stench evaporated from the ground. There seems to be no one on the street, and the road seems to have suddenly widened a lot, empty without any chill, and the glistening is frightening. Xiangzi didn't know what to do. He lowered his head, pulled the car and walked slowly. He has no ideas, no goals, and he is in a daze. His body is covered with sticky sweat and smells bad. After a long walk, the soles of my feet and shoes and socks stuck together, as if I had stepped on a piece of wet mud, which made me sad. I didn't want to drink any more water at first, but when I saw the well, I drank it again, not to quench my thirst, but to enjoy the coolness of the well water. From the mouth to the stomach, it suddenly cooled down, and the pores shrank sharply, making a cold war, which was very comfortable. He burps repeatedly after drinking, and the water will overflow!
Walking and sitting for a while, he is always too lazy to plan business. He still didn't feel hungry until noon. I want to eat something as usual, and I feel sick at the sight of food. The stomach is almost full of all kinds of water, and sometimes it makes a gentle noise, like a mule or a horse drinking water.
Compared with summer, Xiangzi always thinks winter is more terrible. He didn't expect summer to be so miserable. After staying in this city for more than one summer, he doesn't remember being so hot. Is it hotter than usual, or is it weak? At this thought, he suddenly became less groggy and his heart seemed to cool down. My body, yes, my body is dying! He was scared, but there was nothing he could do. He can't get rid of Tigress. He will become Er Hadron, the grandfather of the tall pony he met that time. Xiangzi is finished!
Comments What is written here is the scene of Xiangzi getting off in the scorching sun, which is delicate and realistic and empathetic. The narration and metaphor are vivid and vivid, which effectively set off the hardships and tragedies of Xiangzi's cart-pulling life.
After Xiangzi spent three years buying a car, the author described his feelings like this.
Reading: Xiangzi sacrificed a lot to buy a car. It took him three years to buy it. Of course, he is very excited. His mood can be seen from his words, actions and thoughts. As for "the day when Xiangzi bought a car was also his birthday", although it was just a coincidence, we can see that God was secretly helping Xiangzi. After reading this passage, everyone will be happy for Xiangzi's success and celebrate for him. This is the charm of Lao She's "people's artist" language.
Classic sentence:
1. Money will lead people into a bad society, abandon noble ideals and willingly go to hell.
The biggest sacrifice is to endure humiliation, and the biggest humiliation is to be prepared to resist.
3. Experience is the fertilizer of life. What kind of person will you become with experience? Peony can't be raised in the desert.
I don't know if I'm moving forward or have stopped. I just feel waves in my heart, like a fluctuating black ocean. Darkness is connected with my heart, everything is dim, everything is ups and downs, and everything is in a trance. Xiangzi seemed to be choked by a gust of wind and swallowed several mouthfuls.
Reflections on "Flowers in the Morning and Flowers in the Evening"
Lu Xun's name is a household name. I read his article, but it's from the textbook. The text is called "From Herb Garden to San Tan Yin Yue", which is an article in the prose collection "Morning Flowers and Evening Picking Up". In my mind, Lu Xun has always been an unattainable idol. Plus, he is a world-famous writer, so it's a little scary to read his books easily. I'm afraid I can't read it. I'm too vulgar. However, after reading Luxun's "The Jumping Earth" and "From a Herb Garden to a Three Ponds Reflecting the Moon", the distance between me and my idol seems to be getting closer. Simple writing and delicate emotions make me feel like I'm talking to an amiable grandfather.
For the first time, I picked up Lu Xun's flowers in the morning and looked at them carefully from the catalogue ... Lu Xun's writing is dense and delicate, sincere and touching, like a small bridge flowing water, refreshing. It truly recorded Lu Xun's life track and experience from childhood to youth, recalled those unforgettable people and events, expressed his nostalgia for his former relatives and teachers, and vividly described the life customs in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.
Lu Xun and Runtu's childhood can be said to be a hell on earth. Because it was the darkness of society and the decay of politics, the children of ordinary people suffered from childhood. Lu Xun's family is good, so he has been living a relatively happy life, but it is not as interesting as life in the land. Today, we live in 2 1 century. Compared with Lu Xun's life, it is a world of difference! Good living conditions, no need to be cold in snowy days, with heating; No need to sweat on a hot day, there is air conditioning. You can eat a lot of things that some people in Lu Xun's works can't eat for a lifetime. But think about it, compared with the life in the vanilla garden, our life is really not fun at all! I have never studied sparrows, and I don't know what a son of heaven is. Polygonum multiflorum seems to have heard of ... several thrilling fairy tales, but I can't remember them anymore. As for the "taking people's seals" on snowy days. I can't even think about it. Even if it snows heavily, I dare not dream. Now we seldom see snow in the south. I remember when I was a child, one winter in Shanghai, there was a heavy snow, a heavy snow with snow in it. I can imagine that when I left home, I must have worn gloves on my hands and a hat on my head, all wrapped up. That year, I couldn't resist the cold in Shanghai and fell ill and went to the hospital. But there seems to be no snow. The impression is a layer of snow on the green belt outside the taxi window. And the first time I saw the snowflake, I just couldn't touch it. Just when I was about to meet it, I was stopped by an adult next to me. This is a sign of "misconduct". In retrospect, if I can still remember the cold of that year, even the wet cold obtained through gloves may become the capital of writing like Mr. Lu Xun. Just now, I would rather forget the snow, because there is no fun, only restraint!
Compared with our life, life in private schools may be many times more difficult. It may be a good thing to be able to spend many years in the Herbal Garden, but suddenly one day, I can only stay in the academy most of the time. How much loss would I feel? In fact, compared with previous children, we have stood at the top of the pyramid in terms of quality of life and ideological quality. There are hazy thoughts, watching the confusion of facts, tasting the sweetness that life gives us, and there are countless vitality in life. Compared with that feudal era, life is so easy now. However, I have to say that, from the children's point of view, education in China still makes people unhappy. I am receiving a so-called more "all-round" education, but I have no interest in it. I'm very tired, very tired. I can no longer understand what our happiness is.
The original name of "Morning Flowers Picking Up in the Evening" is "Remembering the Past Years", which is a memory of the past years, with sincere feelings and helpless sadness. When I am happy, I feel a refreshing fragrance coming to my face; When I am depressed, I feel nameless loneliness is eating me up. All this can really be felt.
Thoughts on Xiangzi Camel
Recently, I read Lao She's masterpiece Camel Xiangzi and felt a lot.
Through the bitter story of an old rickshaw puller, the novel depicts how an upright, competitive, kind and self-reliant foreign rickshaw puller was destroyed from body to soul in the old society. Xiangzi is honest, strong and simple, and has a camel-like positive and tenacious spirit towards life. His only wish is to buy a car to pull and be an independent laborer. Later, he scrimped and saved for three years, traded his hard-earned money for a car, and it was not long before the soldiers took it away. The second time, he saved enough money, but was given away by the hateful detective Sun. The third time, he married Tigress and bought a car with Tigress's money. Life was already good, but Tigress died in childbirth. Xiangzi was heartbroken and had no choice but to sell his car to bury Tigress. After many twists and turns, his wish was finally completely shattered. Happy suicide, his favorite, extinguished the last spark of hope in his heart. It lost any begging and confidence in life and became self-indulgent from its efforts. He became numb, down and out, cunning, taking advantage, eating, drinking, whoring and gambling.
This book made me realize how dark and terrible the old society was and the crime of turning people into ghosts. Xiangzi was just an ordinary rickshaw driver in Beijing, who was insignificant in society, but fate still couldn't let him go, tortured him and ruined his dream, and later became a self-indulgent person. Tragedy is always creepy and scary.
People often say that "no pains, no gains". Xiangzi is ambitious, hardworking and thrifty. Why did he finally have nowhere to go? Why do you have to drive him to Liangshan? Is that a society where good people are not allowed to live?
In fact, Xiangzi was just a typical society at that time, and his fate was the fate of all the powerless people in that society at that time We can learn what kind of life people lived in the chaotic society at that time.
Our present society is beautiful and happy. No selfishness, no misfortune, no cruelty? The answer is yes. In today's society, many people have made progress and many people have regressed. This retrogression means that people's minds become corrupt and ugly. They gamble, prostitute and rob ... and do evil. However, society is always progressive, and we can only punish these people by coercive means.
This summer, I was lucky enough to read ostrovsky's How Steel was Tempered. Let me have a hearty spiritual meal. It has become one of my favorite extracurricular reading materials.
In this masterpiece, many characters with different personalities have been created, and my favorite is the protagonist of the novel-Paul? Kochakin.
The author once said that the best thing in life is that when a person is not alive, he can continue to serve the people with everything he has created. How should people live to be meaningful? Paul. Kochakin gave a perfect answer with his own practical actions. In our daily life, there are many disabled people around us, but how many people have "stood up" again with strong will? However, Paul? Kochakin, such a disabled person because of misfortune, overcame the inconvenience of physical movement with tenacious perseverance. After his disability, he didn't lose heart, studied and worked harder and started literary creation. But misfortune befalls him again, and blindness is undoubtedly another blow to him who has been paralyzed! However, he resolutely picked up the pen, groped and insisted on writing. Every word he writes requires efforts that ordinary people simply can't imagine. He finally succeeded in writing the first chapters of the novel Born in a Storm. By the time I read this, my heart has been deeply shocked, Paul? Kochagin's determined face seemed to be right in front of my eyes. Paul. What inspired an ordinary soldier like Kochakin to have such a strong iron will? I think * * *' s greatest and most magnificent career is calling him to create miracles again and again! This is the driving force of his tenacious struggle with the disease.
Paul. Kochakin, such a respectable fighter, you set an example for me. The book How Steel was Tempered has benefited me a lot. I will put it on the bed and draw more spiritual strength from it.
Only after reading the book "How Steel was Tempered" did I know how much a person's perseverance has influenced his life. Take Paul, the hero of this book, as an example. His life is rough, but why does he keep himself alive? It is perseverance. Perseverance gave him infinite strength, and God gave him three lives. Like him, what is the motivation to bravely kill the enemy at the age of ten? It is perseverance! Young Paul became ill later, but he still kept forgetting his job, and he didn't want to give up his job when he had the opportunity to take a vacation to heal. This is the power of perseverance! Perseverance is the foundation of success, a kind of tenacity and an accumulation. The performance of perseverance is often the amazing strength that a person shows in setbacks. With it, people will not bow to setbacks and difficulties, but will face them more resolutely. This is my biggest feeling after reading How Steel was Tempered. "How Steel was Tempered" vividly describes the process that a generation of working-class youth was born in suffering and grew up in struggle. Under the tyranny of the stormy czar, under the heavy oppression of landlord capitalists, reactionary Cossacks and foreign invaders, they learned about love and hate, increased their knowledge and tempered their tenacious character. In the storm of the October Revolution, through the education of the * * * production party, they were tempered from spontaneous rebels into conscious proletarian revolutionary fighters. Paul's heroism is the rationality and sincerity of the early Bolsheviks, and personal values and collective undertakings are in a harmonious state in concept. The novel not only depicts the protagonist through one dilemma after another, but also directly expresses this sincere feeling through exciting monologues and thought-provoking aphorisms.
The main value of the whole novel lies in shaping the typical image of Paul, a proletarian revolutionary hero. However, in the British movement in the19th century, although the sprout of proletarian literature appeared long ago. But that's mainly poetry. As for other classical writers, although their exposure to the decay and darkness of the old society is very profound, they have not created a satisfactory positive image. The appearance of Paul, whether the height of the image or the simplicity of the image, is a new peak.