Zhensaka
Don du fu
Our youth office is in the east gate,
The frozen Taibai Grottoes drink horses.
Huangtou Xi 2 is heading west,
Dare to ride a bow.
Mountains, snow, rivers and ice fields are bleak,
Green is the bone of white people.
How can I attach a book to our army?
Don't be hasty until next year.
translate
Our army is stationed in Qingban, outside the east gate of Wugong County.
It's very cold,
Soldiers are drinking horses in the spring cave of Taibai Mountain.
Yellow-headed western soldiers push west every day,
Only a few cavalry,
How dare you attack our army with a bow and arrow?
At this time, there is snow on the mountain and ice in the river.
The wilderness is desolate.
Blue is the warning light,
The white ones are the bones of soldiers who died in battle.
How can I ask someone to send a message to our army?
Tell them to be patient for a while,
Wait until next year to counterattack,
Never be impatient.
Poetry appreciation
In this poem, the words "number riding" and "dare" are both trained words. There are only three words, which show the strength of the rebels and the cowardice of the loyal subjects in the Anshi Rebellion. The sentence "Green is the beacon smoke and bones" should be said as "Green is the beacon smoke and bones". When I condensed it into seven sentences, I had to omit a word "yes".
This kind of syntax is only available in seven-character ancient poems, and it is absolutely impossible for five-character poems to exist. It is also rare in seven-character poems.
"Green is a beacon of smoke and white bones" is just a descriptive sentence, and "white bones" is also an exaggeration. The bodies of dead soldiers are exposed in the wilderness, and it will take at least a few months to leave a pile of bones. Du Fu's words only show the scene of "corpses everywhere".
The second part is about the toughness of An Lushan's army, and the third part is about its consequences, so it is about the tragic death of loyal ministers. In another poem "Sorrow for Chen Tao" describing the same incident, the second couplet wrote that loyalist morale was timid and there was no fighting capacity; The third is the consequences, so the arrogance of writing "Tigers" is written out. It can be seen that Du Fu described the artistic technique of the same event from two different angles.
The fourth part is about the thoughts and feelings of people and poets trapped in Chang 'an. After Chen's defeat, the people of Chang 'an wept bitterly, hoping that the loyalist would come back to counterattack immediately. However, after Kiyosaka was defeated again, the people knew that the enemy's strength was far from ours, so they had to give up the idea of "looking forward to the loyalist day and night".
Du Fu was very anxious when he heard that Tang Jun had defeated Chang 'an. Instead, I have to imagine the client sending a message to the loyalists, hoping that they will reorganize their forces and wait until next year to counterattack.
The conclusion of these two poems profoundly shows the logical transformation of people's thoughts and feelings towards officials who have repeatedly failed or failed.
Brief introduction of the author
Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is called "Du Gongbu" and "Du Shaoling" in the world. Born in Fugong County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Henan Province), he was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu is regarded as a "poet saint" by the world, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Du Li" together. In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, that is, "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Du Li". He is concerned about the country and the people and has a noble personality. About 65,438+0,400 of his poems have been preserved, and his poetic skills are exquisite, and he is highly respected in Chinese classical poetry and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766 and was commemorated by Du Fu's Caotang.