Beauty is intoxicating, such as Meng Haoran and Wang Wei of the ancients, Xu Zhimo and Bing Xin today. Reading its words, such as walking on a shady road, swimming in the lake of learning Chinese characters, is trance-like and refreshing.
Magnificent people are inspiring, such as Xin Qiji and Lu You of the ancients and Guo Moruo and Yin Fu of the present. Read his words, if you hear Jin Yi's iron horse, if you see stormy waves, your heart will speed up, your blood will rush, you will be angry, and you will expect your own success.
Of the three beauties, the most touching is the poignant beauty. She is a remnant flower in late spring and a fallen leaf in late autumn. She is a lonely goose and a desperate person. She has neither the beauty of a beauty nor the beauty of a magnificent person. She is so weak and sad, but she is so good at touching sensitive person's heartstrings. She is a sorrowful erhu, with a bloody setting sun and a broken arrow. She is the wax torch silkworm in Li Shangyin's poems, the thin horse and withered vine in Ma Zhiyuan's songs, the red Wan Yan in Cao Xueqin's works, and the ancient road pavilion in Li Shutong's songs. A beautiful moment is intoxicating, and a magnificent moment is exciting. Only this seemingly humble and sad beauty will make people tremble and grieve again and again. ...
More than literature? Mongolian long tune, Chinese Er Quan, all works that can touch people's hearts inadvertently, probably have such a color!
Seven-color Rainbow in Literary Scenery —— The Beauty of Literature
Of course, the beauty of literature can be manifested in various distinctive subject words: the beauty of thought, wisdom, machine interest, connotation, love, language, typicality, fiction, imagination, magic, fable, sublimity and so on. This aesthetic way is thorough, detailed, concrete, vivid and convincing. We get a lot of inspiration and lessons from it. But whether it touches the essence of literary beauty seems to be open to question.
In my opinion, a straightforward analysis, if not strictly checked, will inevitably be missed or ignored. Therefore, I want to explore the beauty of literature from another angle-beautiful literature has comprehensive beauty.
No matter which book is opened in the history of world literature, Homer's epic always regards it as an insurmountable artistic peak. Its advantage lies in describing the ten-year Trojan War triggered by the beautiful Helen and the heroic stories in the war. This is the perfect marriage between literature and history. In other words, the milk of history has given literature a strong body and a beautiful face for the first time. Therefore, literature has the unique beauty of historical creation. The highest honor of literary works belongs to epic.
The beauty of literature and psychology is unpredictable. The Chinese version of Proust's Memories of the Past is seven volumes long. Without a small cake, a small stone, a short piece of music, a small hawthorn and even a little smell of vivid memories of the past, without a long stream of consciousness and delicate and rich psychological activities, the aesthetic value of this book would be gone. Of course, in Red and Black, Julian saw the psychological activities of Delhi, the mayor's wife, which was more widely known at that time. It is the combination of love psychology and personal struggle psychology. Stendhal, like Lawrence, the author of Lady Chadalai's Lover, has an extraordinary research on love.
Dante, the last poet in the Middle Ages and the first poet in the new era, showed us the beauty of magnificent literature and architecture. A divine comedy, its neat, systematic and well-defined form, and its exquisite, fine and interlocking structure have never been seen before. This book is divided into three parts: hell, purgatory and heaven. Each part consists of thirty-three articles, plus one hundred prefaces to hell. Each article is about 140 sentences, and the length is roughly the same. They all use three-rhyme sentences-three lines and one paragraph, three paragraphs are connected, and the first paragraph rhymes with the two sentences before and after the middle paragraph. Longfellow, an American poet, compared the Divine Comedy to a magnificent temple when translating this book, and thought that there was not much difference between architectural masterpieces built with stones and literary masterpieces built with language.
The diversity of literature shines with the wings of imagination. Jules verne, the originator of science fiction, spent most of his life writing in his study. He only went to America for eight days and took a balloon ride for 24 minutes. Although he has a boat, he has never used it to sail. However, his ingenious pen, unconstrained style, wrote a lot of well-known works, such as Journey to the Center of the Earth, Five Weeks in a Balloon, Two Wan Li under the Sea and so on. From our modern perspective, he pioneered the study of futurology by literary methods, and his prediction and foresight expanded the new world of literary beauty. Someone commented: "Without Verne, we might never have imagined going to the moon".
When it comes to the beauty of literature, we can't leave the material foundation and ignore the economy. The model writer in this field is Balzac, the creator of human comedy. The founder of Marxism once spoke highly of the fact that he learned more economic knowledge from Balzac's works than from reading them. This is not a compliment, because everything in economics books is dry and boring; Economics in literary works has the essential characteristics of flesh and blood, characters, greed, all kinds of sentient beings driven by passion and economic animals that some people can't give up. The misers described by Gao Laotou, Yan, Shylock and Moliere are a series of economic animals. They are like a mirror, reflecting thousands of holes in real life and presenting an "ugly beauty"-aesthetic enjoyment from negative education.
Montaigne said: "The world is made up of nonsense and language". Nonsense, most of them are patents of ordinary people; On the other hand, language is the wand of a literary master. Although this is not pleasant to hear, it makes sense. Shakespeare's language is endless, and star-like vocabulary shines all over the world. The linguistic genius of Pushkin, the father of Russian literature, shines brightly in his poems and novels and becomes a model for his successors. Hemingway's telegraph-style simplicity, Hugo's palace-like splendor ... Without the roots of language, can the towering tree of literature flourish? The singular beauty of linguistics is almost perfectly reflected in Flaubert's works. It took him four years and four months to write Madame Bovary, with as many as 1800 pages on both sides. But when it was finalized, there were only less than 500 pages left, and every word was the result of his painstaking efforts. He said, "a good prose should be the same as a good poem, unchanged, rhythmic and loud." It can be said that it is the comrades of literary masters who "talk nonstop" who create the beauty of literature.
In Plato's Republic, philosophers have the supreme position, and in the category of social science, philosophy enjoys the glory of commanding everything. The beauty of literature lies in its brilliant philosophical beauty. Goethe's Faust, Cervantes' Don Quixote, and Byron's Childe Harold (Travel Notes) are three masterpieces ending with the word "de". Gathering them here can deepen our understanding of the philosophical quality of literary works. These three masterpieces have different styles, but they all point to the same thing-providing us with three different life orientations. Faust represents a personal ambition to pursue Excellence regardless of any restrictions. Don Quixote reveals the characteristics of people's struggle with society. Although dreams can't come true, ideals can't fall. Childe Harold is a portrayal of "Byronic hero", full of romanticism. In fact, the soul of philosophy supports literary works implicitly or explicitly, and determines the aesthetic value of literary works more or less. The beauty of literature and philosophy are inseparable.
Literature contains encyclopedic beauty, far more than that. Because the seven-color rainbow is used in the topic, seven relatively easy, mature and explanatory subjects, such as history, psychology, architecture, futurology, economics, linguistics and philosophy, are chosen to clarify the theme. Sophocles said, "There are countless strange and incredible things, but nothing is more strange and incredible than human beings." Following this line of thought, we can say that there are countless works of incredible beauty in the art world, but nothing is more amazing and incredible than classical and classic literary works.