1. Taste the expressive effect of rhetorical devices such as metaphor and parallelism in the text.
2. Experience the writing characteristics of this article, such as sincere feelings, rigorous structure, beautiful language and grand momentum, and learn to write a speech.
3. Understand the idea of peaceful struggle expressed by Martin Luther King.
4. Feel the author's passionate feelings and great dedication to racial equality.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
1. Taste the expressive effect of rhetorical devices such as metaphor and parallelism in the text.
2. Experience the writing characteristics of this article, such as sincere feelings, rigorous structure, beautiful language and grand momentum, and learn to write a speech.
Preparation before class
Before teaching, guide students to consult relevant materials, understand the history and present situation of the author and African Americans, and deepen their understanding of the text.
teaching process
First, the introduction of new courses.
1. Students introduce the history and present situation of the author and African-Americans.
2. The teacher plays the audio clip of the courseware "Martin Luther King and I Have a Dream" in class.
Second, overall perception.
1. Teachers demonstrate the text and students think: How to divide the speech ideas of this article?
After discussion, it is obvious that the whole speech can be divided into three parts. The first part (1-6) points out the requirements of the bank and the rationality of the requirements. The second part (7- 16) States the struggle strategy to realize its requirements. The third part (17-32) expresses the author's persistent pursuit of ideals and his determination and belief in realizing them. The first part is the reason of this trip and the basis of the speech; The second part is the strategy and goal of this activity, which is also the beginning of the speech; The third part is the author's ideal, which is also the climax and ending of the speech.
2. What are the speech features of I Have a Dream?
After discussion, it is obvious that we can make thousands of efforts to pursue our ideals. Firm belief and determination constitute the soul of "I have a dream" speech. Rich emotion is the main line of this speech. From the expectation of "the long night to end racial slavery", to the disappointment that blacks are still "exiled in their own land" one hundred years later, to the righteousness of fulfilling their promises, to the bright future of "my dream"; The combination of dreams, new songs and hymns endows the speaker with sadness and longing. This emotion resonates with the audience's psychology. The clear principle of struggle, the presentation of vital interests and the prospect of a bright future all infect the audience's emotions and sublimate them.
Third, specific research.
1. At the beginning of the speech, the great significance of "signing the emancipation proclamation" was clarified. What is the author's purpose in writing this way?
Clear: The Emancipation Proclamation has a great influence in American history, and it can also be said that it is a code to protect the rights of slaves. The author spoke highly of the great significance of the Declaration, saying that it was "like the light of a lighthouse, bringing hope to millions of black slaves who suffered from the unjust fire that destroyed their lives." In this way, the author first established a strong legal basis for the movement of black slaves for civil rights and freedom, indicating that black slaves should and must enjoy equal rights since the Declaration was promulgated in the United States. This puts the U.S. government at an extremely unfavorable position and clears the obstacles of public opinion for the future struggle.
From the content point of view, after clarifying the meaning of the declaration, the author took a sharp turn and revealed the disappointing reality of the United States a hundred years later. "Black people still live on a poor island in a rich ocean, still shrink in the corner of American society, and are exiles in their homeland." This tragic situation of black people is in great contrast with the brilliance of the first paragraph of the declaration. In contrast, the article will naturally have a very strong satirical effect, which will enhance the combat effectiveness and appeal of the content to the enemy.
2. Can you see Martin Luther King's struggle strategy from the second part of the speech?
Clear: Yes. The second part is divided into three layers: the first layer (paragraphs 7 to 8) puts forward the principle of struggle and the attitude of white people. The principle of struggle is not to use violence. This is consistent with Martin Luther King's consistent position. We should not completely distrust the attitude of white people, because the fate of ordinary white people is closely related to the freedom of black people. The second level (paragraphs 9 to 14) points out the goal of the struggle: black people's right to freedom and justice. This layer uses parallelism, which makes the passion of the article fall like a waterfall and expresses the strong desire of black people for civil rights, equality and freedom. The third layer (paragraphs 15 to 16) points out firm beliefs. The struggle is long-term, and it cannot be solved by this trip. The situation of black people may not be fundamentally changed for the time being, but as long as we persist with unchanging faith and enthusiasm, the desire for justice will eventually be realized.