Where does the friend come from?

The origin of bosom friends: Allusion 1. High mountains and flowing water ("Liezi Tang Wen") Boya is good at playing the piano, and Zhong Ziqi is good at listening. Boya played the piano and thought about the mountains. Zhong Ziqi said: "Okay! It looks like Mount Tai!" Thinking of the flowing water, Zhong Ziqi said: "Okay! The water is mighty and looks like a river!" Zhong Ziqi must understand what Boya misses. of. After Ziqi's death, Boya thought that he would never have a close friend in the world. He broke his piano and never played again. Boya's original surname is Yu and his given name is Rui. Boya is his given name. He was a native of Yingdu, Chu State (today's Jingzhou, Hubei Province) during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. He later served as a doctor in the Jin State. When he was passing through the Han River on his way back to his hometown, he met him while playing the harp. Zhong Ziqi became brothers and agreed to meet again the following Mid-Autumn Festival. Unexpectedly, when Boya arrived for the appointment the next year, Ziqi had already died. After Boya paid homage in front of the grave, he threw his harp down to thank Ziqi for his close friendship. According to records in "Qin Cao" and "Yuefu Jieyue": Mr. Cheng Lian, a famous qin player, was Boya's teacher. Boya studied qin with Cheng Lian for three years but did not make much progress. One day, Chenglian said to Boya: "I can teach you to play the piano but not to empathize. I have a teacher named Wan Zichun who lives on Penglai Mountain in the East China Sea. He is good at playing the piano and empathizing. Let's go together. Visit him." Of course Boya was happy, so they went to the East China Sea together. But when Boya arrived at the East China Sea, he didn't see Wan Zichun. He only saw the raging waves, the deep forest and the mournful birds. Boya's heart suddenly brightened up, and he said with emotion: "Sir, I love you!" So he created "Narcissus Exercises". Yu Boya has loved music since he was a child. His teacher Cheng Lian once took him to Penglai Mountain in the East China Sea to appreciate the magnificence and magic of nature, from which he realized the true meaning of music. He played the piano, and the sound was beautiful and sweet, like mountains and flowing water. Although many people praised his piano skills, he felt that he had never met anyone who could truly understand his music. He has been looking for his close friend. Allusion 2 One year, Yu Boya was ordered by the King of Jin to go to the State of Chu. On August 15th, he took a boat and arrived at the mouth of Hanyang River. Encountering wind and waves, we anchored at the foot of a hill. At night, the wind and waves gradually calmed down, the clouds opened and the moon rose, the scenery was very charming. Looking at the bright moon in the sky, Yu Boya became very excited about the piano. He took out the piano he brought with him and started playing it with concentration. He played one song after another. Just when he was completely immersed in the beautiful sound of the piano, he suddenly saw a man standing motionless on the shore. Yu Boya was startled. He exerted force with his hand, and with a "pop" sound, one of the strings was plucked. Yu Boya was guessing why the people on the shore were coming, when he heard the man say to him loudly: "Sir, don't be suspicious. I am a firewood collector. I came home late. When I came here and heard you playing the piano, I felt that The sound of the piano was so wonderful that I couldn't help but stand here and listen to it." Yu Boya took a closer look under the moonlight and saw that there was a load of dry firewood beside the man. It turned out to be a firewood collector. Yu Boya thought to himself: How can a woodcutter who collects firewood understand my piano? So he asked: "Since you know the sound of the piano, please tell me what kind of music I am playing?" After hearing Yu Boya's question, the firewood man smiled and replied: "Sir, you What I just played was the music score of Confucius praising his disciple Yan Hui. Unfortunately, when you played the fourth sentence, the string broke." The woodcutter's answer was correct. Yu Boya couldn't help but be overjoyed and hurriedly invited him on board to discuss it in detail. . When the woodcutter saw the Qin played by Yu Boya, he said, "This is the Yao Qin! According to legend, it was made by Fu Xi." Then he told the origin of the Yao Qin. After listening to the firewood man's story, Yu Boya couldn't help but admire him secretly. Then Yu Boya played a few more songs for the woodcutter and asked him to identify the meaning. When the sound of the piano he played was majestic and high-pitched, the woodcutter said: "This sound of the piano expresses the majesty of the mountains." When the sound of the piano became fresh and smooth, the woodcutter said: "The sound of the piano that he played next expressed the majesty of the mountains." The sound expresses the endless flowing water." Yu Boya couldn't help being surprised. No one could understand what he expressed with the sound of the piano in the past, but the woodcutter in front of him could understand it clearly. Unexpectedly, under this wild ridge, he would meet the soulmate he had not been looking for for a long time, so he asked the firewood collector's name Zhong Ziqi and started drinking with him. The more the two talked, the more they became attracted to each other. They met each other late and became sworn brothers. We have agreed to meet here again during the Mid-Autumn Festival next year. In the Mid-Autumn Festival of the next year after he and Zhong Ziqi said goodbye in tears, Yu Boya came to the Hanyang River Estuary as promised, but he waited and waited, but Zhong Ziqi never came to keep his appointment, so he played the zither to summon this close friend, but again After a long time, still no one came. The next day, Yu Boya asked an old man about Zhong Ziqi's whereabouts. The old man told him that Zhong Ziqi had unfortunately died of illness. Before his death, he left his last words that he would build his tomb by the river so that when we meet on August 15th, we can listen to the sound of Yu Boya's harp. After hearing what the old man said, Yu Boya was extremely sad. He came to Zhong Ziqi's grave and played the ancient song "High Mountain" sadly. After playing, he broke the strings, sighed, and smashed his beloved Yao Qin to pieces on the bluestone. He said sadly: My only soulmate is no longer alive, who else can I play this piano for? "The friendship between the two "bosom friends" moved future generations, and people built a guqin stand where they met. To this day, people still often use the word "bosom friends" to describe the friendship between friends. There are poems from later generations praising it. : Who is drunk on the fifteenth day of the month? Literary friends and poets are all over the world. If Ziqi had been there at that time, the Yao Qin would not have been broken into flowers.

(Zhou Tianhou·) Source: /fbb1/blog/item/ce635e225a2bf1fbd7cae204.html The origin of peaches and plums: "Peach and plum" is a metaphor for the younger generations who are cultivated or the students who are educated. If a teacher educates and trains many students, people say "the world is full of peaches and plums". So, why are students called "Taoli"? In the Spring and Autumn Period of our country, there was a minister in the Wei State named Zizhi. When he was in power, he trained and recommended many people. Later, because he offended Wei Wenhou, he ran to the north alone. He met a man named Zitong in the north, and complained to him, complaining that the people he trained were unwilling to contribute to him, so that he ended up living here. Zitong listened and said with a smile: "If you plant peach and plum trees in the spring, you can rest under the trees in the summer and eat the fruits in the autumn. But what you planted in the spring is tribulus (a thorny plant). Not only cannot its seeds be used, but the thorns that grow in autumn can sting people. Therefore, a gentleman should cultivate talents just like planting trees. He should select the right objects and then cultivate them." According to "Zi Zhi Tong Jian·Tang Zetian Empress Liu Shi First Year", Di Renjie recommended Yao Yuanchong and dozens of others as famous ministers, or Renjie said: "All the peaches and plums in the world are in Gongmen." Later. People call cultivating talents "cultivating people", and outstanding talents who grow up after receiving education are called "peaches and plums"; if a teacher has many and wide students, it is called "peaches and plums all over the world". Source: /Fujian_w/news/mxrb/20011031/7_7.html The source of ancient rareness: The word "ancient rare" comes from Du Fu's poem "Qujiang". The original sentence is "Drinking debts are common everywhere, and they are rare in seventy years of life." ". Compared with words such as "erli", Tang poetry is far less ancient than "The Analects of Confucius", let alone as authoritative as the classics. The language of poetry can exaggerate objective situations and can also be highly emotional. From an objective perspective, is a human life span of seventy years rare in ancient times? The true "ancient" and great philosopher Zhuangzi once said: "A person's lifespan is a hundred years old, eighty years old, and sixty years old." A life of seventy is still not enough for a middle-aged person, so how can one say he is seventy years old? Why Du Fu wrote the "ancient and rare" poem has a great relationship with the social reality at that time and his own state of mind. The poem "Qujiang" was written when An Lushan's rebels ravaged Chang'an and "the country was broken and the mountains and rivers were... feeling tears of flowers and tears". Therefore, the tone is low, and the reason is particularly obvious when referring to Du Fu's other poems. He wrote in "To the Eight Virtues of the Guard": "Half of a ghost visited me, and my exclaiming made me feel hot." At this time, the poet was forty-eight years old, and he was originally in his prime, but half of his friends were no longer alive. It can be seen that it is also true that during the war, life was devastated and the average life span was very low. In addition, Du Fu said in "Ambition" that "it is only to sacrifice old age for illness". He was only fifty years old at the time, and due to serious illness, he already had a deep sense of "old age". Of course, he would not expect to live to seventy. . With such subjective conditions, it is not surprising that he lamented that "life is rare in seventy years." Du Fu accidentally wrote the phrase "from ancient times to rare" in his poems, which had no influence in the Tang Dynasty. He did not want "Li and Du's poems to be passed down by thousands of mouths" in later generations. In addition, poets carefully used Du Fu's allusions, so the phrase "from ancient times to rare" began to be quoted. The earlier one was the Song Dynasty poet Su Dongpo. It is recorded in "Hou Zhen Lu" of Qi that there was a man who was sixty-nine years old, married a wife of thirty and gave birth to a son. At the celebration banquet, Dongpo wrote a congratulatory poem and said: "The pavilion is just in time and it is already established. The virtuous husband is nearly seventy years old." Dongpo was also a great poet, and his joke went away without saying anything. It is speculated that this is one of the important reasons for the spread of "ancient rarity". In the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Qianlong was still in good health after his seventies. He knew that he would live a long life, so he was so proud that he carved an imperial seal that read "Ancient Emperor". Don't forget that the word "ancient rare" here is only used to modify the "emperor". Most emperors in the past dynasties died young, and it is indeed rare in ancient times to live to seventy years old. The self-proclaimed emperor played a great role in promoting the popularity of this term. Although elegant names have their relative stability, they are by no means eternal. "Book of Rites: Kingship" says: "Sixty sticks are used in the countryside, seventy sticks are used in the country, and eighty sticks are used in the court." "Zhang Kingdom", "Zhang Dynasty" and so on became the elegant names of the country. But today these words have long been eliminated, because they are too far away from the changed reality. The imperial court no longer exists, so where can the "stick" (cane) go? This reminds me of "ancient rare". In old China, the average life span of a person was only thirty or forty years. At that time, the term "ancient and rare" was still realistic. However, in our country today, the average life span is as high as seventy-one or twelve years. This term is used to refer to the seventy-year-old life. Rare, isn’t it an absurd conclusion? Take our Zhongxiang City as an example. According to the fifth national census data in 2000, the average life expectancy in the city is 75.88 years. According to the latest census statistics in July 2004, among the city's 1.05 million population, there are 11,073 elderly people over 80 years old, 946 elderly people over 90 years old, and 71 elderly people over 100 years old. Yan Chungan, a 103-year-old man from the second group of Liwan Village, Lengshui Town, said humorously to people: "I built an airport (Lengshui Airport) when I was seventy, entered a forest farm (village-run forest farm) when I was eighty, and went to a ranch (village livestock farm) when I was ninety. ), go to the market (pick vegetables to sell on the streets) at the age of one hundred, and never enter the crematorium for another hundred years." Now it is widely circulated in the city: "A hundred years old is a good thing, ninety years old is not old, and eighty years old is not considered old. "Little brother, you are running around at the age of seventy, but you are still not registered at the age of sixty." Therefore, the popularity of words is not unchangeable and depends on the promotion and guidance of public opinion.

I believe that with the continuous improvement of living standards, health and longevity have become people's beautiful pursuit. At the same time, governments at all levels from the central to local governments have introduced a series of preferential service measures for the elderly. Stress will definitely make hundreds of millions of elderly people live longer.

Source information: http://www.changshou.org/200710/wenben/14%2003.htm After looking for these, I feel that it would be easier to find the question author directly on Baidu~