A Brief Introduction of Poet lermontov
Mikhail Yurjevic lermontov (Russian: михаилюрьевичлермр) He received a good education from an early age, was gifted, proficient in many foreign languages, and was also gifted in art. Later, he was admitted to Moscow University, and after a period of study, he was transferred to St. Petersburg Guards Cavalry NCO School.
184 1 On July 27th, 2008, he went to Piatigorsk for recuperation due to illness and died in a duel with retired major Martinoff here, at the age of 27. Grandma buried him in Tarhani.
A Brief Introduction to the Life of Poet lermontov
The poet's childhood was spent in Tarkhan's manor in Neil, Archen, Penza province. He received a capital-style family education and was fluent in French and German since he was a child.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/825, my grandmother took lermontov to a spa in the Caucasus. Childhood memories of the natural scenery of the Caucasus and the life of the mountain people left a mark on his early works (Caucasus1830; Hello, Blue Caucasus Mountain! ....." 1832).
1827, the lermontov family moved to Moscow.
65438-0828, entered the fourth grade of noble boarding school affiliated to Moscow University as a semi-boarder, where he received humanities education. When he was still in Talhanna, lermontov showed great interest in literature and poetry creation. In boarding school, his main direction is to study Pushkin and Byron's long poems. Byron's long poems became lermontov's early major works. From 1828- 1829, he wrote poems such as Pirates, Criminals, Oleg, Two Brothers (published after death), The Last sons of liberty, Izmir White and Demon. The protagonists of these long poems are heroes, outcasts and molecules who struggle against society and trample on social moral norms. "Evil" hangs over their heads, usually shrouded in secrets, and appears as the appearance of suffering.
1830 in March, according to the order in Council, boarding schools in Moscow were changed into ordinary middle schools. 1830, lermontov "requested" to drop out of school and spent the summer in Sheridanikov manor of Stolypin family on the outskirts of Moscow. In the same year, he was admitted to the Ideological and Political Department of Moscow University. Lermontov's first love happened in this period, and he was deeply infatuated with E.A. Sushko Eva (1812-1868). He met Sushko Eva at the home of his friend A M Veleshakina. Because of her, the poet started his lyric poetry creation period (to Sushko Eva, Beggar, Sonnet, Night) on 1830.
Before long, lermontov fell madly in love with H Ф ivanova, the daughter of playwright Zhong Ivanov (18 13- 1875), although it was only a short-lived relationship.
1830- 1832, the poet's personality is formed in these years, and his constant empathy is largely just trying to understand himself. At this time, the poem appeared the genre of "fragmented thinking", and the central part of the poem was constant self-analysis and self-cognition. His poems written in 1830- 183 1 began to show social themes. There are few political lyrics in the direct sense in lermontov. Social and political issues are usually integrated into his philosophical and spiritual thinking system. This is particularly evident in the poems written by lermontov in the early 1930s. Moscow University has a strong philosophical and political atmosphere, and the school has established interest groups and student associations (A, B, Stankovic, A, herzen, B and belinsky have all established associations). There is no information to show that lermontov has ties with these groups, but he may agree with their unique political opposition spirit and even participate in student activities. These thoughts were written as early as in The Sorrow of Turks (/KOOC-0/829) and dedicated to/KOOC-0/830-/KOOC-0/83/KOOC-0/European Revolution (/KOOC-0/830, July 30th, Paris,/KOOC-0/). During this period, lermontov began to conceive the novel Vadim, which showed a panoramic view of the peasant uprising in 1774- 1775. This is only his first attempt to write a novel.
The lyric objects of his poem B A at this stage are Bakhmetev's wife and lermontov University's sister (1815-1851). His feelings for her are the warmest and most lasting. Opalina is not only the lyrical object or heroic prototype of his early poems (K. lermontov/KOOC-0/83/KOOC-0/year, she is not a proud beauty .../KOOC-0/832, etc. ), and his later works (Valerica, the inscription of the sixth edition of the devil). Her image entered the poems No, I don't love you so strongly and The Duchess of Litov Skaya (Willa). 1830- 183 1 year, the poet's early lyric poetry reached its peak and then began to decline.
After 1832, lermontov began to set foot in the fields of narrative poems (Desire 1832, Mermaid 1832) and prose novels.
Lermontov's poems at this time pay attention to two themes: one is medieval Russian history (the last sons of liberty/KOOC-0/83/KOOC-0/year, Lithuanian women/KOOC-0/832), and the other is an exotic Caucasian theme (a white Izmir/KOOC-0/832, Bastong Village).
1832, lermontov left Moscow University for St. Petersburg, hoping to continue his studies at St. Petersburg University; However, the course he attended in Moscow was rejected. In order not to return to school, lermontov followed the advice of his relatives and chose to join the army. 1832165438+1October, he passed the entrance examination for security cadets and spent two years in the military academy. Queue service, duty and military parade occupy almost all his creative time (the rough life of military school is naturally reflected in his student poems, such as Peter Goff's Festival). 1835, graduated from lermontov, and became the lieutenant of the Guards' title of generals in ancient times (1September 834), and his creation became active again. Haji-Ablek, a long poem published this year, is the first time that lermontov has published his works in a printed publication (it is said that the manuscript was submitted to a magazine without the author's consent). Lermontov handed the first draft of the play Masquerade to the book examiner. At the same time, he was still writing poems Sashenka and Olza and big noble, and began to write the novel The Duchess of Litov Skaya. The friendship between lermontov and A·H· Muraviev was written in the novel The Duchess of Litov Skaya (written in 1836, unfinished, published in 66 1 year) and he was also writing the Masquerade (1835- 1836). He submitted the script for review three times, revised it twice, and was finally banned.
From 1835 to 1836, lermontov has not entered the circle closest to Pushkin, and he doesn't know Pushkin. However, the poet's "His Death" immediately after learning of Pushkin's death caused a sensation. 1837 February18 lermontov was arrested, and the investigation of the political case of "banning poetry" began. During his arrest, lermontov wrote poems such as Neighbor, Prisoner, Female Neighbor (1840) and Prisoner Knight (1840). Among them, The Prisoner is the beginning of his brilliant "prison poem" creation cycle. 1February, 837, lermontov received the highest order and was transferred as a warrant officer of the Caucasus Cavalry Corps in Nizhny Novgorod; He set off in March, passing through Moscow. Due to catching a cold halfway, lermontov stayed in stavropol, Piatigorsk and Kislovodsk for treatment; On the way to follow the cavalry regiment, he "ran all over the route, from Kiziliar to Taman, over mountains and mountains, with footprints all over Shusha, Kuba, Shemaha and Kaheji. He spent the night in the wilderness, dressed in Circassian costume, with a rifle on his shoulder, and fell asleep with the howl of a wolf ... ",6438+01.1837, the University of Lemanto began to record folk myths about Ashik cribb(“Ashik-cribb-Cribb"), and he tried to reproduce the colors and colors of oriental languages. The poet reveals the character of Caucasians in The Gift of Trelek, The Cossack Lullaby and The Fugitive. In Piatigorsk, lermontov met old friends of Moscow boarding school, H·M· Sajing, belinsky and H·B· Meyer (the prototype of Dr. Werner in Princess Merry); I got to know exiled The Decemberists members (C и krivtsov, B M golitsyn, B.и Lihalev and M A Nazimov) and became close to A.и Odoyevski (1840, I wrote "Remember A и"). During and after the exile, His paintings are mainly watercolors, oil paintings and sketches, including landscapes, genre paintings, portraits and satirical paintings, among which the paintings with Caucasian themes are the best. Lermontov's exile time was shortened by her grandmother's efforts and her efforts to dredge an X-Ben Ken. 1837 10, lermontov was ordered to transfer to Grodno hussars (Novgorod), and then transferred back to Huangcun Guards hussars. 18381in late October, lermontov returned to St. Petersburg. 1838- 184 1 year was the year when he became famous in the literary world. He soon entered Pushkin's literary circle and met Ding Ba zhukovsky.
The karamzin family accepted п A. Viezemsky, п A. Pletnev and B. A. Sollogub. Before his last exile, lermontov read Dark Cloud 1840 at his home in karamzin, and his only collection of poems, Contemporary Heroes, was published in St. Petersburg.
From 1836 to 1837, lermontov wrote the first mature and unique long poem Olza in big noble (1835- 1836). Olza is a historical figure he first tried to create-a serf owner who lived according to the noble honor law during Ivan the Terrible's time. This theme was continued in Song of Tsar Ivan vasilyevich and Young Guards and Brave Businessman Kalashnikov (1838). Lermontov's similar lyric poems include Polokino, a poem about the 25th anniversary of Apollo (1837) Rocchino campaign, which is a "mini narrative poem" about the people's war in 18 12.
Not counting scripts and unfinished prose novels, by 1840, lermontov's works left to the world included about 400 poems and 30 long poems. Most of them were published after the poet died.
The main works of poet lermontov
His main works are Pirates, Criminals, Oleg, Dreams, Cliffs, They Love ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Lyrics Borokino and Motherland are full of patriotic feelings, while Sail expresses the desire for freedom.
The long poem The Devil attacks the dark serfdom society.
Child Monk describes the tragic experience of a young mountaineer who doesn't want to live like a prison monastery.
Song of Merchant Carracin Nico describes the tragedy that young businessmen despise the power of the czar and dare to duel with the Tsar Guard.
The novella "Contemporary Heroes" describes the spiritual emptiness of aristocratic intellectuals represented by Bi under the rule of the czar.
The play Masquerade reflects the hypocrisy and fraud of the upper class.