What is China's earliest collection of poems?

1. China's earliest collection of poems is The Book of Songs. The Book of Songs consists of three parts: * * is divided into three parts (160), elegance (105) and fu (40). * * * 305 poems with incomes of more than 500 years from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period. In addition, there are six poems with only titles and no content. Introduction: The Book of Songs is the beginning of China's ancient poems and the earliest collection of poems. It collected poems from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period (1 1 century to the 6th century), including * * * 31,among which 6 poems were poems of prosperity, that is, only titles, but no contents. The author of The Book of Songs is anonymous, and most of them cannot be verified. They were collected by Yin Jifu and edited by Confucius. In the pre-Qin period, the Book of Songs was called "The Book of Songs", or it was called "The Book of Songs 300" by integers. In the Western Han Dynasty, it was honored as a Confucian classic, formerly known as The Book of Songs, which has been in use ever since. The Book of Songs is divided into three parts: style, elegance and ode. "Wind" is a ballad of Zhou Dynasty. Elegant music is the official music of Zhou people, which is divided into harmony and elegance. Ode is a musical song used for sacrificial rites in Zhou and noble ancestral temples, which is divided into ode to, and ode to Shang. Confucius once summarized the purpose of the Book of Songs as "innocence" and educated his disciples to read the Book of Songs as their standard of speech and action. Among the pre-Qin philosophers, many people quoted The Book of Songs, such as Mencius, Xunzi, Mozi, Zhuangzi and Han Feizi. Quote the sentences in the Book of Songs to enhance your persuasiveness. By the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, The Book of Songs was regarded as a classic by Confucianism and became one of the six classics and five classics. The Book of Songs is rich in content, reflecting labor and love, war and corvee, oppression and resistance, customs and marriage, ancestor worship and feasting, and even astronomical phenomena, landforms, animals and plants. It is a mirror of the social life of the Zhou Dynasty. Third, creative background: Joo Won?, the ancestral home of Zhou Dynasty, is suitable for agriculture. Poems such as Gong Liu and Mianmian Guaju in The Scholars all show that Zhou prospered the country with agriculture, and the development of agriculture promoted social progress. After the conquest, the Zhou clan became the master of the world, and the patriarchal clan system, land, slave private ownership and the rule of aristocratic lords became the social and political characteristics of this historical period. Apart from the tyranny of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the replacement of Shang and Zhou Dynasties by Western Zhou Dynasty was mainly related to its slavery economic system. After the establishment of the Western Zhou Dynasty, in order to ease the sharp contradiction between production relations and productivity, and ease the class struggle, slavery was turned into serfdom. As Wang Guowei said in On the System of Shang Dynasty: "The political and cultural changes in China were not drastic during the Yin and Zhou Dynasties ... On the surface, the three major changes during the Yin and Zhou Dynasties were nothing more than the rise and fall of a surname and the transfer of the capital. In its own words, the old system is abolished and the new system is promoted, and the old culture is abolished and the new culture is promoted ... "Compared with the Yin and Shang Dynasties, the Western Zhou Dynasty promoted the leap-forward progress of society in spiritual civilization due to the great changes in the economic system. As a representative of literature, the appearance of The Book of Songs is an inevitable product of the progress of the times, which in turn promotes the progress of social civilization. The Book of Songs was called "Poetry" or "Poetry 300" in the pre-Qin period, and it was China's first poetry collection. Collected 305 poems (original poems 3 1 1) from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, which is a collection of poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period. "There are more than 3,000 poems written by the ancients, which are related to Confucius, but none of them are important ..." (Historical Records Confucius Family) is said to be compiled by Confucius. "Poetry" is divided into three parts: wind, elegance and ode, with "Wind" as a folk song, "Elegance" as the official elegant music of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and "Ode" as a dance music for the upper class to sacrifice to the ancestral temple. This book widely reflects all aspects of social life at that time, and is known as the encyclopedia of life in ancient society, which has a far-reaching impact on future generations. China's earliest collection of poems is called The Book of Songs, with 305 books, which are divided into three parts: style, elegance and ode. This is a glorious page in the history of China. The Book of Songs is the first collection of poems in China, including 305 poems from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period (there are 6 poems of sound, which are not counted), so it is also called 300 poems. Formerly known as "Poetry", it was regarded as a classic by Confucian scholars in the Han Dynasty, but it was called "The Book of Songs", also known as "Poetry 300". He initiated the excellent tradition of realism in China's ancient poetry creation. The content in The Book of Songs, in terms of its original nature, is the lyrics of songs. Mozi Meng Gong said, "There are 300 ode poems, 300 string poems, 300 song poems and 300 dance poems." It means that there are more than 300 poems, all of which can be recited, played with musical instruments, sung and accompanied by dances. "Historical Records Confucius Family" also said: "Three hundred and fifty poems were written by Confucius, in order to combine Shao, Wu, elegance and praise." Although these statements are still possible to be discussed, there is no doubt that the Book of Songs was closely related to music and dance in ancient times. The "six meanings" in The Book of Songs refer to style, elegance, praise, fu, comparison and honor. The first three are content and the last three are technology. The division of style, elegance and fu is based on the difference of music. "Wind" means tone. It is relative to "Wang Ji", an area directly ruled by the Zhou Dynasty. It is music with local color. The ancients called it "Shaanxi Opera", "Feng Wei" and "Zheng Opera", just like Shaanxi Opera, Shaanxi Opera and Henan Opera we are talking about now. National Wind Nan Zhou National Wind Zhao Nanguo Wind Qifeng National Wind Wei Guofeng Feng Guofeng Feng Wang Zheng Guofeng Feng Guofeng Wei Feng National Wind tang style National Wind Qifeng National Wind Qin Feng Chen Guofeng Guo Feng Cao Feng Feng Guofeng "Elegant" also means "positive". At that time, Ji Wang's music was regarded as a positive tone-a model music. People in the Zhou Dynasty called Zheng Yayue, just as people in the Qing Dynasty called Kunqu Opera Ya Bu, with the meaning of honorific title. Elegance and vulgarity may be divided according to chronological order, or according to their musical characteristics and application occasions. "Ode" is music specially used for ancestral temple sacrifice. "Preface to Mao Poetry" said: "The description of the beauty and virtue of the eulogists tells the gods of their merits. "This is the meaning and use of ode. Wang Guowei said: "Praise is slower than elegance. "This is the characteristic of his music. According to Zhu's Biography of Poetry, "Fu" means "Fu, Fu, Fu, Fu, Fu, Fu, Fu, Fu, Zhu". In other words, Fu is directly narrated. Is the most basic expression. Such as "life and death are rich, and children are happy." "Holding your hand and growing old with your son" means expressing your feelings directly. Zhu's interpretation of "comparison" is "comparing one thing with another", which is metaphor. Metaphors are used in many places and in various ways in The Book of Songs. For example, Dream uses the change of mulberry trees from lush to withered to compare the rise and fall of love; "heming" uses the metaphor that "stones from other mountains can attack jade" to govern the country with sages; In Shuo Ren, the metaphor of beauty's hand, beauty's skin, beauty's teeth and so on are all good examples of using "Bi" in The Book of Songs. "Fu" and "Bi" are the most basic means of expression in all poems, while "Xing" is the unique means in The Book of Songs and even China's poems. The original meaning of the word "Xing" is "Qi". The word "xing" in The Book of Songs is interpreted by Zhu as "talking about other things first, so as to stimulate what is sung", that is, paving the way for what is sung by other things. It is often used at the beginning of a poem or a chapter. About the most primitive "xing" is just a beginning, which has nothing to do with the following, but shows drift and association for no reason. Just like Qin Feng's Morning Wind, it is difficult to find a meaningful connection between the "Morning Wind" at the beginning and the "Seeing a gentleman and worrying about Qin Qin" at the back. Although in this case, it may be incomprehensible because of the time gap, this situation definitely exists. Even in modern folk songs, we can still see such "xing". Besides, there are many meaningful uses of "Xing", such as metaphor, symbol and contrast. But it is precisely because "Xing" is originally produced by the drifting and association of ideas without reason, so even if it has a more real meaning, it is not so rigid, but subtle. For example, Guan Guan's novel begins with "Guan Guan's dove is in the river continent", which was originally used by the poet to lead to the following "My Fair Lady, Gentleman is Nice", but the harmony of Guan Guan can also be used to describe the courtship between men and women, or the harmonious love between men and women, but its metaphorical meaning is not clear. Another example is the poem "Peach Blossom", which begins with "Peach Blossom Blossom Blossom Blossom Blossom" and describes the beautiful atmosphere of peach blossom in spring. It can be said to be a realistic pen, but it can also be understood as a metaphor for the bride's beauty, and it can also be said to set off the warm atmosphere of the wedding. Because "Xing" is such an implicit and freely used technique, poets who like the implicit and euphemistic charm of poetry in later generations are particularly interested in it. Their own clever tricks and innovations are numerous, which constitute the special taste of China's classical poetry. China's earliest collection of poems, The Book of Songs, is! Song of elegance. I remember I went to junior high school.