? First, know how to take it.
(1) Learning knowledge?
It is necessary to understand the students' existing foundation of ancient poetry, the teaching objectives of ancient poetry this year, the status of ancient poetry in the whole primary school and the teaching objectives of this course. It is also necessary to understand the existing ability and development ability of students in this class to learn ancient poetry.
(2) learning methods?
The content of the study is comprehensive and detailed, but it doesn't mean that all of them should be given to students. But according to the students' learning situation, we should learn from them. Some can start with the topic of poetry, some can teach ancient poetry around the topic, some can explain poetry through keywords, some can understand poetry in connection with the background of the times, some can understand poetry by grasping the image, and some can understand the artistic conception of ancient poetry through subtle language. It can also take a variety of forms, such as reading rhymes, focusing on reading poems and reciting feelings; Poetry and painting blend, focusing on imagination and understanding; Interpreting poetry with poetry focuses on the construction of accumulating new knowledge. You can also use prose to develop poetry and play it in textbooks. , focusing on the expansion of meaning beyond poetry.
Second, meet people and discuss the world.
(1) Know the author?
To "know people" is to understand all aspects of poets. Such as the author's life, including life experience, political experience, ideas and so on. Another example is the author's style, genre and characteristics of his works. We should also understand the relationship between poets and works.
(2) Understand the background?
On the World is to understand the background of the work. Ancient poetry is closely related to the historical background of that era. Only by understanding the background of that era can we better understand the connotation of poetry and the author's thoughts and feelings. For example, the Spring Hope written by Du Fu happened during the An Shi Rebellion. The poet was captured in Chang 'an and witnessed the rebellion of the rebels. In the spring of March of the following year, the poet was more worried about his country and his family.
Third, read poems and recite rhymes.
(1) Read correctly?
Reading is the way to learn ancient poetry. When reading aloud, we should first pronounce correctly, that is, we should pay attention to reading new words, difficult words, polyphonic words and words that need to be pronounced because of rhyme. Then read the poem fluently, coherently, catchily and cadently. ?
(2) Reading rhythm?
The ancient poetry pays attention to the level tone, melodious and short level tone, strewn at random and full of musical beauty. In reading, we should consider the presentation of levels and the relationship between levels in poetry, better read the natural rhythm of poetry and grasp the poet's emotional rhythm.
(3) reading verve?
Rhyme is one of the basic elements of poetic meter, and ancient poetry is very particular about rhyme. Understand the rhyme of ancient poetry, even rhyme, arrangement and other knowledge, find the characteristics of rhyme in poetry, recite it, and read the beauty of rhythm.
Fourth, explain the meaning of poetry.
(1) solving poetry problems?
The title of a poem either indicates the writing object and key points, or points out the writing background of the poem, or explains the clues of the poem, or summarizes the main contents of the poem, or expresses the emotional tone of the poem.
(2) Understand words?
Ci is an important part of ancient poetry. If you know words, you can understand poetry more accurately. Attach importance to the understanding of key and difficult words in ancient poetry. For example, the understanding of polysyllabic words, the understanding of digital reality and the understanding of interchangeable words. There is also an understanding of words with different meanings in ancient and modern times and words with allusions.
(3) Understand poetry?
Refers to the overall perception of the content of ancient poetry. To understand the general meaning of each poem, the relationship between sentences and the general structure of the poem, we must also understand that "the meaning outside the poem" and "the meaning is beyond the words, which makes people think."
(4) Understand poetry?
Poetry is the thoughts and feelings expressed by poets in poetry. Emotion is the life of poetry, and the people, things, things and scenery depicted in the poem are filled with the poet's emotions and thoughts between the lines. Therefore, we should understand the thoughts and feelings expressed by the poet, appreciate his homesickness, care about the country and people, and care about mountains and rivers.
Five, appreciate the accumulation
(1) Catch the eye of poetry?
The eye of a poem refers to the connection point of a poem's content, which is often a concise and vivid word in the poem. Finding it is equivalent to grasping the central idea. The eyes of a poem are either a word, a word or a sentence, and their positions are not fixed. It can be in the title or in the poem.
Poetic eyes can be divided into two categories: one is the connection point of a poem, which indicates the theme of the poem. This is the poetic eye of the whole poem, called the eye in the poem; Second, the most concise and vivid word or phrase in the poem is the partial eye of the poem, which is called eye in the sentence.
(2) grab the image?
There are many words used by previous poets in classical poetry. Due to the accumulation of history, these words have influenced the author's thoughts and feelings, been given specific meanings and formed images. Therefore, when learning poetry, being familiar with common images and understanding their meanings is helpful to grasp the thoughts and feelings of poetry, such as "moon" containing homesickness and "plum blossom" containing nobleness.
(3) grasp the artistic conception?
Artistic conception refers to an artistic realm formed by the combination of the author's subjective thoughts and feelings with objective things. The artistic conception of poetry is more about feeling, moving and blending in the scene. Artistic conception is characterized by solemn and stirring, tranquility and loneliness. Artistic conception is the sublimation of image. For example, boating in Guazhou draws a picture of an autumn night with the images of the moon setting, crows, frosty sky, river maple, fishing fire and bells.
(4) Grasp the language?
The words used in ancient poetry are very refined. When reading, grasp the words with profound meanings in poetry, scrutinize and understand them repeatedly, and appreciate the linguistic beauty of ancient poetry with your heart. Learning the language of poetry means mastering the art of using language, such as laying out, metaphor, arousing, exaggeration, falsehood, contrast and synaesthesia. There are also the tempering of verbs and the flexible use of parts of speech. Pay attention to the expression of the characteristic language of ancient poetry, such as the inversion of sentence order, intentional omission in poetry and so on. Understand the style characteristics of its language, such as fresh and natural, euphemistic and implicit, gorgeous and lively.