Dynasty: Song Dynasty
Author: Zhu
There are weeping willows outside the building. Want to be young, stay less in spring, let's go. Wandering catkins drift with the wind. Follow the spring and see where to go.
Green mountains and green waters smell Du Yu. At that time, being heartless, Mo Ye wept bitterly. Send wine to Chunchun in silence. It rained at dusk.
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There are countless weeping willows outside the building, as if to tie this beautiful spring, but only stop for a minute leaves in spring. Only catkins are still dancing in the wind. With the spring breeze, where does spring return?
Between the green Shan Ye, there came the cuckoo's cry. Even if cuckoos are heartless, their shrill cries are also sad. Raise a glass to bid farewell to the silent spring, and it suddenly began to rain in Mao Mao at dusk.
To annotate ...
Tie: fasten it.
Youth: great spring. Implicit refers to the poet's youth.
Stay less: stay a little longer.
Wanderer: Still.
Du Yu: Cuckoo.
Just do it: even if.
Mo Ye: Yes.
"Put wine" sentence: put wine and raise a glass; Take it, take it, take it. The end of March in the lunar calendar is the last day when spring leaves. The ancients had the custom of pouring wine to show off spring. This sentence is similar to Wang Zhuo's "Point to the lips", "Try to leave spring wine, Wen Chun is speechless, and the rain sweeps the western hills".
Rainy day: describes the disease of rain.
Make an appreciative comment
Cherish spring and hurt spring, stay in spring and send it, and the words are often tuned. This poem "Send to Spring" has a unique originality and affection of a female poet.
The first part turns the landscape into emotion, and writes it purely from "hanging outside the building" with a pen. Judging from the scene of catkins floating in the wind, what is written in the word is a late spring willow, not a newly cut mid-spring willow leaf, with fine leaves, which is in line with the purpose of seeing off spring. The image of willow and the habit of folding willow to bid farewell make people think of seeing farewell from willow, which is natural; However, from "posting" to "posting", thinking of it as "being young" is a unique feeling of female poets. Although it is only a transformation, it contains a leap of imagination and further writes Liu's tenderness. Thousands of willows rippling in the wind, like countless tender feelings, try to hold on to spring. However, "live less in spring", after all, spring can't stay. At this point, others just sigh and feel sad, but the poet gives birth to the whimsy of "chasing spring and seeing where to go" from the catkins floating in the wind. The image of catkins, in poetry, either stirs up spring worries or drifts away, even if it is associated with "sending", it is only an imagination of "flying catkins to send spring home" (Chao Zhong Cuo by Cai Shen). Zhu imagined it as following spring affectionately with the unique soul and persistence of a poetess, trying to see where spring really belongs. From "stumbling" to "following", Liu's infinite attachment to spring and endless tracking are further written.
The next film was born from "Spring Return" and turned to be written from "The Poet to Send Spring". Green Mountains and Green Waters is a scene in late spring. This green look contains sad memories of falling flowers and flying groups, not to mention the sad cry of cuckoo that symbolizes the return of spring from time to time. What you hear is nothing more than the sight of Fang Chun disappearing. Even heartless people worry about it. The "made" sentence is assumed from the negative side, while the "Mo Ye" sentence exaggerates the sadness from the positive side with vacillating words, making the feelings more sour. Writing here just leads to the heroine's full sadness. "Spring" cannot be stopped, and "chasing spring" is difficult. Only "Send Spring": "Send Spring Wine Silently, It's raining at dusk." These two sentences seem to come from the European word "tears ask flowers without words, red flies over the swing", but they have a unique charm. In the poet's feeling, this soon-to-leave spring seems to be silently opposed to the poet who hurt spring with infinite sadness and sentimentality. Near dusk, it began to rain in Mao Mao again. This "drizzle" is like a whisper of farewell in spring, and it is also like a sigh of returning in spring. The gloom and loneliness of mistress's feelings are also faintly audible. Beauty is beauty. There is a seemingly absent correspondence and connection between "silence" and "drizzle", which makes readers feel that this quietly floating "rain" seems to be a wordless "language". This field is empty in the morning. The conclusion is rich in images, which adds far-reaching feelings to the ci.
By describing weeping willows, flying sheep, cuckoo's whining and drizzling spring rain, the whole poem forms a sad and moving picture, in which an affectionate heroine brings wine to spring life with beautiful words and far-reaching artistic conception.
Distinguish and appreciate
When Zhu was a girl, she was also endowed with "beautiful hair" (preface to Zhu heartbroken poems by Wei Zhonggong in Song Dynasty), and wrote a cheerful and beautiful poem "Spring scenery": "It's not easy to see wheatgrass when it's time to compete for flowers. Who can spare more time with needle and thread and leave spring scenery with wine? " -She wants to take advantage of the beautiful spring to find flowers in time and play with her girlfriends. This is not only because the fragrant and gorgeous spring scenery is hard to see (so precious), but more importantly, the spring scenery of nature awakens her youth consciousness and inspires her to cherish the beautiful youth (so she is more amiable and lovely to spring), so she refuses to learn any tasteless needlework for the "female training" and "female ring" in the boudoir, but raises a glass with joy and invites a girl-like partner in spring. However, once upon a time, she experienced the bitterness of the world (it is said that "unfortunately, her parents failed to judge and choose a husband and wife in their early years" and "gave her a mediocre husband", which led to "depression all her life" and "every romantic encounter broke her heart"), but Zhu gave the sad words of "farewell to spring" to future generations. By contrast before and after scanning, readers can not only feel the bitterness of the old times, but also appreciate different aesthetic charms from the artistic descriptions of women writers with different styles, thus enriching their own aesthetic experience.
This is a poem about cherishing spring. The first part of the poem expresses the attachment to spring, and the second part expresses the hurt to spring. By describing weeping willows, flying sheep, cuckoo's whine and drizzling spring rain, the whole poem forms a sad and moving picture, in which a sentimental heroine brings wine to the life of spring. Beautiful words and profound artistic conception.
The first thing that appears in the word is weeping willows. "One thousand weeping willows outside the building. If you want to be young, you should stay less in spring. " Three sentences describe the green posture of weeping willows. This "tapestry of thousands of strands of green silk hanging down" ("Singing Willow") scenery is most typical in February of the lunar calendar (that is, the mid-spring season). In the congratulatory poem quoted above, there is a sentence "I don't know who cut the thin leaves, and the spring breeze in February is like scissors". It is different from "smoke is thicker than gold" in New Willow (Yong Liu Xin by Yang Ji in Ming Dynasty) and "Wind blows without leaves" in Old Willow (Yong Xi Liu by Weng Lingshu in Song Dynasty). Why do you want to use it to express your love for spring? It mainly uses the structure of branches as soft as silk thread to make the image of things look binding. In the author's imagination, the wicker originally intended to tie the spring failed to achieve its goal. It only dragged the spring from February to the end of March, and then left decisively after a short stay.
The sentence "You float catkins in front of the wind, follow the spring and see where you go" further describes the scenery in late spring. Catkin is one of the most distinctive features of late spring, so the poet said: "Flying catkins makes people old in spring" (Fan Chengda's Going to Tang Road in Late Spring) and "Flying catkins to send them home in spring" (Cai Shen's Zhong Chao Wrong). They all associate flying catkins with last spring. Zhu, on the other hand, found a new way, depicting the catkins flying in the air as if they were pursuing the destination of spring, exploring the place of spring and finding it back, just as Huang Tingjian revealed in his words: "Whoever knows where spring is, call them back to live together" ("Qing Ping Le"). Zhu's writing about "chasing after spring" is more interesting than simply writing about "flying sheep", "sending spring home" or "urging people to get old in spring". In the sentence, the word "wanderer" is used to link "Tiechun" with "following the spring", resulting in the artistic effect of "one plan fails, another family planning" as if to save the spring.
Like flying catkins, the wailing Du Yu (cuckoo) seems to be regarded as the symbol of late spring. "Green mountains and green waters smell Du Yu, so it is ruthless, and Mo Ye is sad." In spring, the grass grows flowers, and Shan Ye is green. Looking at Shan Ye in late spring, the poet thought: Even if the cuckoo is heartless, it is sad for "spring goes and spring comes", so he gave a cry of sympathy. Through this swaying gesture, the poet points out his sad feelings with Du Yu, and leads the protagonist in the last film to the stage. In the last film, just from the word "outside the building", I felt that she was looking into the building; From "Attachment to Spring" and "Chasing Spring", I realized that she galloped in imagination, and the hero's love for spring was completely expressed by weeping willows and catkins. Now turn from side contrast to front description.
Without saying anything, send wine to Chunchun. Spring is impossible and fruitless. The protagonist only saw the beautiful fields in late spring and heard the birds singing to announce the departure of spring, so he had to "bid farewell to spring" helplessly. The end of March in the lunar calendar is the last day of spring, and the ancients often raise glasses to show off spring at this time. Han Wo, a poet at the end of the Tang Dynasty, wrote in his poem "The End of Spring" that "wine sends spring worries and makes you ill every March". Zhu reluctantly "sent off Spring" according to the old custom, but Spring didn't answer. All she saw was the sudden rain in Mao Mao in the evening. The author used the word "que" to turn "rain" into a farewell to spring. This kind of writing is similar to Wang Zhuo's "Try to stay in the spring wine, Wen Chun is speechless, and the curtain rolls up the rain in the western hills" ("Eye-catching Lips"), but it is more intriguing to link the rain at dusk with the farewell in spring: Is this rain the cold footsteps in spring or the farewell tears that spring has to go?
Like Huang Tingjian's Qing Ping Le, this word personifies spring and expresses the feeling of cherishing spring, but it has its own merits in writing. Huang Ci began to pursue the disappearing spring, and Zhu Ci began to bid farewell to the protagonist by weeping willows and flying catkins with spring, revealing the theme through hierarchical psychological changes. In contrast, Huang Ci is more ethereal and beautiful, while Zhu Ci is more attached to the scenery in late spring and has a sad feeling, which is probably related to her life experience.
Creation background
Zhu had a pure love when she was a girl, but her married life was very unsatisfactory and she died of depression. This word reflects her longing for a better life that will never return.