I feel that this sentence is grammatically incorrect. Did someone else say this in the original English or did many people translate it wrong?

The grammar here is correct, but it is not mainly for the sake of beauty. The grammar is wrong.

These sentences are ellipsis, omitting the past "can buy".

Money can buy a clock, but not time.

This omission can make sentences concise and avoid procrastination.

Similar ellipsis is common in English, but the form of ellipsis here is a bit special.

The change of poetry format is often for rhyme, for example, Shakespeare's sonnets (still in style) rhyme with inverted sentences. Moreover, this is a general text, so it is not a special usage.

Buy something for someone ... something for someone; Buy ... something for sb.

For example, can you buy me a pen when you go shopping?

This should be said in middle school English.