Naked
Solution: The soldiers are full of passion and unite against the enemy.
original text
Have I nothing to wear? Robe with my son. Wang Yuxing (2), repair my spear and be an enemy of my son (3)!
Have I nothing to wear? Just like my son. Wang Yu started his army, repaired my spear and halberd, and made it with his son.
Have I nothing to wear? With my son, ⑥. Wang Yu started the division, trained our soldiers ⑦, and walked with his son ⑧!
To annotate ...
1 robes: robes are today's cloaks.
(2) King: refers to the King of Zhou, and the State of Qin sent troops in response to the order of the Emperor of Zhou. I'm talking about Qin Jun.
3 enemy: * * enemy.
4 Ze: children "snap", underwear, today's sweatshirt.
5 do: get up.
⑥ Dress: Take off your clothes, which refers to the combat suit.
⑦ Armor: Armor and weapons.
8 OK: Go ahead.
translate
Who said I didn't have a uniform? Put on this shirt. The country sent troops to fight and repaired our spears.
Go with you to kill the enemy.
Who said I didn't have a uniform? Wear underwear with you. The country mobilized troops to fight and repaired our spears and halberds.
Go to war with you.
Who said I didn't have a uniform? * * * Keep your petticoat as you like. The state transferred troops to fight, repaired armor, repaired swords and guns,
Run the battlefield with you.
Enjoy 1
This poem is full of passion, generosity and unity, and it can't help but be strongly infected when you read it. However, "Preface to Mao Shi" said: "No clothes" was also used to stab soldiers, and the Qin people stabbed their princes so that they could attack the war. Chen Huan's Biography of Shi Mao's Poems also said: "This also stung Kang Gong's poems. "Of course, the Book of Songs pays attention to beauty and thorns, but it is clearly beautiful here, but it is said to be thorns. From the content, it is a patriotic war song. According to modern research, in the 11th year of Zhou Youwang (in the 7th year of Qin Xianggong, 77 1 year BC), there was a conflict between the royal families of the Zhou Dynasty, which led to the invasion of Rongzu and Haojing. Most of the land of the Zhou Dynasty fell, and Qin was close to Ji Wang, which was closely related to the royal family of the Zhou Dynasty, so it rose up and resisted. It seems that this poem came into being under this background.
At that time, Qin was located in eastern Gansu and Shaanxi. Wood is deep and soil is thick, but people are thick and straight. Ban Gu said in "Biography of Guo Chong and Xin Qingji" that Qin "learned folk customs, prepared for war, fought bravely, and rode and shot pommel horses. Therefore, Qin Shihuang said,' Wang Yuxing writes poems, trains our soldiers and walks with his sons.' Its style and customs have existed since ancient times, and today's songs are still generous and romantic. Zhu's Biography of Poetry also said: "The customs of Qin people are generally heroic, brave first, forgetting life and death, so they are found in poems." This poem is full of high spirits and lofty sentiments, which truly reflects the martial spirit of Qin people. When the enemy was in Enemy at the Gates, they put the overall situation first and kept consistent with the Zhou royal family. As soon as they heard "Wang Yu urged teachers", they responded enthusiastically, followed closely, United and friendly, and fought together, showing lofty and selfless quality and heroism.
Because this poem aims at praising, that is, focusing on "beauty", it is very enlightening to Qin Jun. According to Zuo Zhuan, in the fourth year of Lu (506 BC), the army of Wu captured the capital of Chu, and the minister of Chu went to Qin for help. "I cried at the court wall and couldn't drink the spoon all day long. On the seventh day, Qin Aigong gave him "no clothes" and sat on the ninth day, and Qin went out. " So he repelled Wu Bing at once. As you can imagine, this poem is like the oath of the king of Qin; For soldiers, this is like a mobilization order.
As I said before, Qin people are brave and good at fighting, and this poem embodies this. Reading this poem, I can't help but be infected by the burning passion in it. The impassioned heroism is fascinating. No wonder Wu Kaisheng's poem "Yi Huitong" was rated as "March in Ying Zhuang, Tang poetry is far behind". The first reason for this artistic effect is that the question-and-answer syntax is adopted at the beginning of each chapter. Chen's "Reading Poems to Supplement Poems" said: "When you open your mouth, the spirit of the six countries is sharp, just like General Yue hitting Huanglong directly." The sentence "I have no clothes" seems to blame myself, like a rhetorical question, full of uncontrollable anger and indignation. It seems to light a fire in people's revenge hearts, so countless soldiers responded in unison: "I am in the same robe as my son!" " "Take your son!" "Take your son!" The second is that language is full of strong actions: "Fix my spear!" "Fix my spear halberd!" "Fix my armor!" Let people imagine the warm scene of soldiers sharpening their knives, dancing and waving halberds. Such a poem can sing and dance, and it is an exciting live drama!
The three chapters of the poem adopt overlapping and overlapping forms. The number of sentences and words in each chapter is equal, but the same structure does not mean simple mechanical repetition, but progress and development. For example, the sentence "I hate my son" in the first chapter is emotional, saying that we have the same enemy. The second chapter ends with the sentence "Work with your son", which means that work is the beginning of action. The third chapter ends with the sentence "walk with your son" and continues to train, which indicates that the soldiers in the poem will go to the front to kill the enemy together. Although this overlapping and overlapping form is limited by music, it is also closely combined with the rhythm of dance, and the theme of the poem is a passion for fighting. The ups and downs of passion naturally form the rhythm and dance movements of the music, which is called "lamenting because of the lack of long words." I don't know how to dance with my hands "("Book of Rites and Music ")
Appreciate II
1. The background of this poem:
The west was killed by the dog Rong, but Zhou Ping was moved to the east and was ordered to attack the dog Rong. Explaining this poem, Mr. Wang Xianqian said: "Xirong killed the king, so the princes thought that they didn't hate the enemy of heaven, and the Qin people were forced by the enemy of the king, so they were called enemies."
2. Specific grasp:
The whole poem consists of three chapters, and each chapter corresponds to its sentence pattern. Poetry is similar, but slightly different, and advances poetically in re-singing. Singing, marching, marching.
Chapter one, unifying thoughts. At that time, the military situation was urgent, and it was difficult to prepare all the clothes for the time being. "No clothes", this is the real writing. It can also be understood as an exaggerated way of writing, fighting for the country, regardless of the difficulties of incomplete clothes, "sharing robes with children" and sharing shirts with comrades. "Wang Yu promotes teachers", so everyone should quickly build "Mao Ge". Why can everyone overcome difficulties and unite to prepare for war? "Take your son!" We all realize that the enemy is the same, and we must fight against the same enemy together.
Chapter two, unified action. "Having fun with my son" and "training my spear and halberd" let's act together and "be United with my son" and join this movement.
Chapter three, go to the battlefield together. Walking with my son, singing enthusiastically, uniting against the enemy and going to war.
In the first sentence and the second sentence of each chapter, this battle song is written as "uniform", "uniform" and "uniform" respectively, which shows the spirit of soldiers overcoming difficulties and uniting and helping each other. In the third and fourth sentences of each chapter, the words "repair my spear", "repair my spear halberd" and "repair my armor" are written successively, which shows that the soldiers are ready for war. At the last sentence of each chapter, write "share the same enemy", "work together" and "help each other in the same boat" to show the patriotic feelings and fearless spirit of the soldiers. This is a poem, which directly expresses the soldiers' high emotions of fighting against the enemy and going to the battlefield with the expression of "Fu", and reveals the lofty inner world of the soldiers step by step.
3. Theme and theme: No Clothes shows the thoughts and feelings of the people in the slave society to defend the country, unite against the enemy and devote themselves bravely. It is really touching, generous and magnificent, and it is indeed an ancient military song full of national spirit and artistic charm.
Note: when reading this poem, we should pay attention to the generous and magnificent tone of the whole poem.
Appreciation 3
The Chinese Department of the University rarely talks about the Book of Songs without the Qin folk song No Clothes (there are two poems in the Book of Songs called No Clothes, and the other is Tang? No clothes "). When the teacher speaks this poem, he always follows the framework set by Ruan Yuan's Notes to Thirteen Classics. For many years, no one doubted whether their explanation was correct. The preface to the poem says, "If you have no clothes, you have to stab and fight. The Qin people stabbed their monarch, so they were eager to attack the war, instead of sharing the same desires with the people. " Confucius listed in Qin Jin Shu that Qin destroyed Chu in successive years.
But after reading this poem carefully several times, you find that "naked" is completely expressing another emotion. In order not to be misled by preconceptions, I want you to read this poem first:
Have I nothing to wear? I am a robe with my son, Wang Yu is a teacher, I am a spear, and my son and I are enemies.
Have I nothing to wear? Take your son. Wang Yu started to repair my spear and halberd and work with his son!
Have I nothing to wear? Take your son. Wang Yuxing, train my soldiers and walk with my son!
Poetry ***60 words.
It should be said that this is a very good poem. The idea is very clear:
I have the same hatred as you (for my son);
I stand with you (and my son);
I will go out with you (and my son).
Emotion progressive, finally drew his sword and rushed to the battlefield.
The key problem lies in the understanding of three words in the poem: robe, lustre and clothing. According to Han Zhengxuan's comments, robes are battle robes. Mr. Wen Yiduo said, "People marching should wear clothes during the day and cover themselves with quilts at night." Ze, obscene clothes are underwear. Shuowen even said that Ze means underwear. Dress, with clothes above and dresses below. A petticoat is a skirt worn by ancient men. The traditional interpretation of these three words makes the whole poem very uncomfortable to understand. Being in the same robe as your son, as Wen Yiduo said: It makes sense to cover your shirt at night. It's hard to accept underwear or even pants with your son. Finally, it means "wearing a pair of pants" with my son. This understanding of the whole poem becomes "Although we are naked, we still have to fight for Qin Jun". Of course, as the preface says, "stab." Qin people stabbed their monarch, so they rushed to attack the war, instead of sharing the same desires with the people. "
The strangest thing is the word "Ze". Underwear should be explained next to the word clothes. But the versions of the Book of Songs in past dynasties are all like this. And "embarrassing, swearing clothes. The explanation of "near dust" can be found in several editions, such as Edition, Fujian Edition, Ming Simplified Edition and Mao Edition.
I believe in the scientific attitude and seriousness of our predecessors. Words must be used correctly. At the same time, I also strongly disapprove of changing words to interpret classics. After careful research and thinking, I finally found an understanding of the Book of Songs? Qin? Annotations without clothes are more in line with ancient Chinese, more reasonable and more acceptable to most people. Note that the age of this poem is the Spring and Autumn Period, that is, the transitional period from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and the writing is the transitional period from Oracle Bone Inscriptions to Jinwen and then to Xiao Zhuan.
In my Decoding Oracle Bone Inscriptions: Clothes and Clothes, I have deciphered the original meaning of Oracle Bone Inscriptions's clothes as placenta. Later, in the Han Dynasty, words such as robe and case were derived from Oracle Bone Inscriptions's bag. The relationship between bag and robe and cell is ancient and modern. This is the conclusion of philology. There is no word "Ze" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. The explanation of "Ze" in Shuowen is: "Ze is smooth." For people, it means sweat. The following is my view on The Book of Songs? Qin? Translation without clothes;
Who said there were no clothes (pun: placenta and clothes)? I'm in the same robe as you. The king of Qin has set out. Take care of our kudzu and spear. I have the same hatred as you.
Who said anything about getting naked? I am sweating with you (blood is taboo in war, which means blood is hidden). The king of Qin began to repair our spears and halberds, and I stood with you.
Who said anything about getting naked? I dress with you. The king of Qin is going to arise. Fix our leather armor and weapons, and we will go out together.
In this way, from compatriots sweating (implicitly pointing out blood) to getting ready.
From hatred and * * * to rise together and go out together.
The whole poem is poetic in one go. Expressed the national cohesion of Qin people and Qin kings at that time. Only this kind of spirit can explain why Qin can destroy six countries and dominate the world.
be filled/suffused/brimming with
1. In Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the clan was the basic unit of the army. Therefore, there is a saying that compatriots (same robes) are here.
Second, "Ze" and "Shang" are verbs. The former means sweating together, and the latter means getting ready.
Thirdly, in the poem, ge, spear, halberd, armour and soldier have different meanings.
(Author: scientific scholar)
reading comprehension
When my hero goes to the battlefield, he must correct his arrogance, put on his shirt and pick up his gun, and fight to the death. At this moment, you can see a man's heroic spirit best. What is blood and sacrifice? The brave win.
Fighting as a soldier, riding a horse and shooting a gun, this special social role, is destined to be played only by men, just as weaving and embroidery are destined to be played only by women.
This role is determined by nature and indisputably belongs to men. The loss of heroism, the loss of heroism, is also the loss of men; A society without men must be a deformed and abnormal society; The era without heroes is of course an era full of Confucianism.
As the saying goes, times make heroes. That's not entirely correct. Many times, it is the hero who creates the situation. Brave spirit and indomitable spirit can be the spiritual pillar of an era. Heroism is romantic in nature. Under the call and guidance of ideals, it dares to struggle, forge ahead and make sacrifices, thus creating a spirit of the times.
Unfortunately, heroism and the era of heroism have been lost for too long.
Translation and appreciation
"No Clothes" is the fundamental reason for Qin's enduring fighting power-"Gentleness makes a gentleman" (Confucius read the comment of "No Clothes", and this poem has a particularly important guiding significance for modern enterprises, organizations and countries to enhance cohesion. Military organization is the most important organizational form of human society. Its organizational cohesion (mainly in literature, but with quality in literature) and the advanced level of weapons (mainly in quality, but with literature in quality) are' seamless', which is directly related to the rise and fall of the country, the nation and the political power. This poem mainly discusses the fundamental reasons for Qin Jun's enduring fighting power from two aspects: the military soul expands weapons, and weapons expand the military soul, with the same goal.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
Clothing is the key to a correct understanding of this article and the beginning of the style of writing in the Spring and Autumn Period. Confucius said: clothes are benevolent and swim in art, which shows that "clothes" are equivalent to the "spiritual strength" of modern literature. Combined with Confucius' words, the meaning of this poem becomes very rich. The spirit of benevolence and righteousness for the security of individuals, brothers, families, families, homes and countries is the soul of the army and one of the fundamental guarantees for its invincible.
Original translation
Have I nothing to wear? We are brothers of life and death.
And the robe (1). Never leave, always depend on each other. (1) Tongbao: Pass' compatriots' and be like brothers.
Wang (2) is a teacher, and friendship unites fighting spirit. (2) King: Robe, spear and hatred are always the "kings" in the Spring and Autumn Period.
(3) I, Mao Ge, benevolence and righteousness are the best weapons. (3) Xiu: OK, fight for the country. Mao Ge is "good" but not "fierce".
Hatred with his son. Let's be enemies.
Have I nothing to wear? We are flesh and blood blind date.
Tong Ze and Zi (4). Live in harmony with each other. (4) Tongze: * * Drink water from the well, which means fellow villagers.
Wang Yu started his division, and his blood condensed his will to fight.
Repair my spear and halberd, family is the best weapon,
With my son (5). Let's stick together. (5) Qi Xin cooperation: the meaning of "cooperation" and sincere unity.
Have I nothing to wear? We have the same manners.
Take the child (6). One language, one species, interdependent. (6) Same style: the same culture and taste means the same values and mutual appreciation.
Wang Yu initiated the division, gave orders and carried out the will to fight.
Cultivate our armor, use my powerful division in the first battle,
Go with your son! We are invincible!
Creation background
The poem "No Clothes" comes from The Book of Songs Qin Feng, which is a patriotic song originated from the northwest border of China more than two thousand years ago. Qin land, located in present-day Gansu and eastern Shaanxi, was invaded by Xirong, which is adjacent to Qin in the western weekend, threatening the safety of Haojiang, the capital of Zhou Dynasty, and the Central Plains. Under the call of the Zhou royal family, the people of the Qin Dynasty stepped forward, joined the army and bravely went to the front. Due to the hasty preparations for war and the shortage of military supplies, the people of Qin carried forward the spirit of mutual assistance, friendship and selfless dedication, United as one, overcame all kinds of difficulties and fought to the death with the enemy. This poem was produced under this background, and it showed the patriotic enthusiasm of the people of Qin State to join the army and defend their country.
Writing characteristics
The poem consists of three chapters. The first sentence of each chapter asks "Are you naked?" Then answers with "My son and I are dressed", "My son and I are happy" and "My son and I are dressed". The main line of the poem is "clothes", and the tone is generous and heroic, and the answers are repeated to show the current spirit of sincere unity against the enemy. What is the best weapon in a military emergency? The love with children, the love with son and the article with son, the truth, goodness and beauty in the world are the weapons to kill the enemy of Renshi, and they are the best among all soldiers in the world. He is a close brother formed by * * and the enemy, and he is a life-and-death and * * * comrade-in-arms friendship condensed by * * * and fighting. The opening structure of each chapter is the same, which is both back and forth, suitable for singing, suitable for expressing the growing and developing emotions at different levels, and suitable for expressing the patriotic passion of Qin people who are generous and self-help in order to protect their country and defend their country, regardless of any difficulties and hardships.
The structure of the conclusion sentences in the three chapters is still the same: "hate with the son", "work with the son" and "walk with the son" If the front is actively preparing for war, then the conclusion sentence shows that the war will eventually win, and the teacher of justice will defeat the enemy who dares to attack with wisdom and courage. "Walk with your son, walk with your son" is the source of this sentence, which makes Confucianism "try my best to be a teacher, I am depressed by literature, and I follow the week." Thought, display.
This poem is in the form of overlapping words and sentences, and each chapter has the same structure, so it can be sung repeatedly. But the content is progressive chapter by chapter, and the poet's feelings are constantly sublimated in repeated singing. The poem is full of impassioned atmosphere, expressing the heroic spirit of resisting foreign aggression and optimism, as if it were a pre-war oath, which is deeply inspiring after reading it.
My comments
In order to survive, any individual, organization, group, nation or country must be "gentle, courteous and frugal, and then be a gentleman". The road to development is really difficult. How to overcome the three "uninvited guests" of "illness", "pain" and "war" on the road ahead depends on the strength of the mountain, profound wisdom and courage of the cloud. What do you get from strength, wisdom and courage? Relying on the hatred of compatriots, relying on relatives who work together in the same jersey, and relying on the culture of walking together in the same clothes, the strength is endless. Those who seek the Tao must examine the truth carefully.
We are in an era of fierce competition, and it is really difficult to choose how to deal with all kinds of temptations and pressures. Here, send you a word: stop at the ceremony and send it to your feelings; Do to others what you don't want them to do to you; Have I nothing to wear? I am clothed with kindness.
Interpretation and appreciation of the full text of "Qin Feng has no clothes"